staphylococcus aureus mssa atcc 25923 strain  (ATCC)

Journal: Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Article Title: Bacterial biosurfactant-reinforced chitooligosaccharide/polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels accelerate methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus -infected wound healing by attenuating its virulence factors

doi: 10.1016/j.ajps.2026.101118

Figure Lengend Snippet: In vitro antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of the hydrogels against MSSA and MRSA. Growth curves of (A) MSSA ATCC 6538 and (B) MRSA KCCM 40510 cells following treatment with PVA, COS/PVA, COS/PVA/BSI and COS/PVA/BSII ( n = 3); CFU measurement of (C) MSSA ATCC 6538 and (D) MRSA KCCM 40510 cells following treatment with PVA, COS/PVA, COS/PVA/BSI,; and COS/PVA/BSII ( n = 3); (E) Proposed model illustrating the synergistic antibacterial effect of the COS/PVA/BS hydrogel against MRSA; (F) FE-SEM images of MSSA ATCC 6538 and MRSA KCCM 40510 cells following treatment with PVA, COS/PVA, COS/PVA/BSI and COS/PVA/BSII. The green scale bar represents 2 µm. Green-colored areas represent intact cells, while red-colored areas indicate the leakage of intracellular components caused by cell membrane damage at 15,000× magnification; Effects of PVA, COS/PVA, COS/PVA/BSI and COS/PVA/BSII treatment on (G) MSSA and (H) MRSA biofilm inhibition ( n = 3); (I) Images of residual biofilms stained with crystal violet after treatment with PVA, COS/PVA, COS/PVA/BSI and COS/PVA/BSII; (J) Fluorescence images of MSSA and MRSA biofilms following treatment with PVA, COS/PVA, COS/PVA/BSI and COS/PVA/BSII. Images show merged channels of SYTO 9 (green) and PI (red) staining. The yellow scale bar represents 100 µm. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001, and **** P < 0.0001 versus control. ns means no significance versus control. # P < 0.05, ## P < 0.01, ### P < 0.001, and #### P < 0.0001 for PVA, COS/PVA, and COS/PVA/BSI versus COS/PVA/BSII.

Article Snippet: The white scale bar represents 5 mm; Relative transcriptional profiles of (I) MSSA ATCC 6538 and (J) MRSA KCCM 40510 following treatment with the developed hydrogels ( n = 3).

Techniques: In Vitro, Activity Assay, Membrane, Inhibition, Staining, Fluorescence, Control

Journal: Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Article Title: Bacterial biosurfactant-reinforced chitooligosaccharide/polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels accelerate methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus -infected wound healing by attenuating its virulence factors

doi: 10.1016/j.ajps.2026.101118

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of the hydrogels on virulence factors and gene expression in MSSA and MRSA. Hemolytic activity of (A) MSSA ATCC 6538 and (B) MRSA KCCM 40510 following treatment with PVA, COS/PVA, COS/PVA/BSI and COS/PVA/BSII ( n = 3); Extracellular lipase production from (C) MSSA ATCC 6538 and (D) MRSA KCCM 40510 following treatment with PVA, COS/PVA, COS/PVA/BSI and COS/PVA/BSII ( n = 3); Staphyloxanthin production from (E) MSSA ATCC 6538 and (F) MRSA KCCM 40510 following treatment with PVA, COS/PVA, COS/PVA/BSI and COS/PVA/BSII ( n = 3); (G) Images of MSSA ATCC 6538 and MRSA KCCM 40510 cell pellets following treatment with the developed hydrogels. The black scale bar represents 5 mm; (H) Images of slime production by MSSA ATCC 6538 and MRSA KCCM 40510 following treatment with the developed hydrogels. The white scale bar represents 5 mm; Relative transcriptional profiles of (I) MSSA ATCC 6538 and (J) MRSA KCCM 40510 following treatment with the developed hydrogels ( n = 3). Relative gene expression levels indicate transcriptional differences between treated and untreated cells, as determined by RT-PCR with 16S rRNA as the housekeeping gene; (K) Proposed mechanism of MRSA-infected wound healing acceleration by COS/PVA/BS hydrogel based on transcriptional changes. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001, and **** P < 0.0001 versus control. ns means no significance versus control. # P < 0.05, ## P < 0.01, ### P < 0.001, and #### P < 0.0001 for PVA, COS/PVA and COS/PVA/BSI versus COS/PVA/BSII.

Article Snippet: The white scale bar represents 5 mm; Relative transcriptional profiles of (I) MSSA ATCC 6538 and (J) MRSA KCCM 40510 following treatment with the developed hydrogels ( n = 3).

Techniques: Gene Expression, Activity Assay, Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction, Infection, Control