lamivudine  (MedChemExpress)

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: 4-Phenylbutyric Acid Activates an NF-κB - Egr-1 Axis to Control Myoblast Proliferation and ECM Gene Expression Profiles

doi: 10.64898/2026.01.18.700214

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Principal component analysis (PCA) showing sample clustering based on differentially expressed genes in C2C12 cells treated with 1 mM 4-PBA or DMSO. Baseline indicates cells prior to differentiation induction. (B) Volcano plot of differentially expressed genes identified by RNA-seq analysis comparing 4-PBA–treated and DMSO-treated C2C12 cells following myotube differentiation after 4 days. Significantly upregulated genes are shown in red. FC, fold change; P-adj, adjusted p value. (C) RNA-seq–based expression levels of Egr-1 and Fos mRNA in C2C12 cells treated with 1 mM 4-PBA or DMSO, shown as transcripts per million (TPM). (D) Quantitative PCR (qPCR) validation of Egr-1 and Fos mRNA expression in C2C12 cells treated with 1 mM 4-PBA or DMSO. Data represent four independent experiments. (E) Representative immunoblots showing Egr-1 and Fos protein expression in C2C12 cells treated with 1 mM 4-PBA or DMSO for the indicated time points. (F) Quantification of protein levels shown in (E), normalized to β-actin (Actin). Data represent three independent experiments. Data in (D) and (F) are presented as mean ± S.E.M. and analyzed using one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test (D) and unpaired two-tailed Student’s t test (F). * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001.

Article Snippet: The qPCR was performed using PowerTrack SYBR Green Master Mix for qPCR (Thermo Fisher Scientific, A46109) with specific forward and reverse primers in a QuantStudio3 (Thermo Fisher Scientific).

Techniques: RNA Sequencing, Expressing, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Biomarker Discovery, Western Blot, Two Tailed Test

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: 4-Phenylbutyric Acid Activates an NF-κB - Egr-1 Axis to Control Myoblast Proliferation and ECM Gene Expression Profiles

doi: 10.64898/2026.01.18.700214

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Heatmap showing RNA-seq–based expression profiles of histone deacetylase (HDAC) genes in C2C12 cells treated with 1 mM 4-PBA or DMSO. (B) Representative immunoblots showing HDAC5 protein levels in C2C12 cells treated with 1 mM 4-PBA or DMSO for the indicated time points. β-actin (Actin) was used as a loading control. (C) Quantification of HDAC5 protein levels shown in (B), normalized to Actin. Data represent three independent experiments. (D) Relative mRNA expression of Hdac5 and Egr-1 in C2C12 cells transfected with siHdac5 (5 or 15 nM), siControl, or mock control, as measured by qPCR. Expression levels were normalized to β-actin ( Actin ). (E) Representative immunoblots showing HDAC5, Egr-1, p65, H3K18ac, and H3K27ac protein levels in C2C12 cells treated with 1 mM 4-PBA or DMSO for the indicated time points. Actin or histone H3 was used as the loading control, as indicated. (F) Quantification of protein levels shown in (E). Band intensities were normalized to Actin for HDAC5, Egr-1, and p65, and to histone H3 for H3K18ac and H3K27ac. Data represent three independent experiments. Data in (C), (D) and (F) are presented as mean ± S.E.M. and analyzed using an unpaired two-tailed Student’s t test (C) and one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test (D, F). * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001.

Article Snippet: The qPCR was performed using PowerTrack SYBR Green Master Mix for qPCR (Thermo Fisher Scientific, A46109) with specific forward and reverse primers in a QuantStudio3 (Thermo Fisher Scientific).

Techniques: RNA Sequencing, Expressing, Histone Deacetylase Assay, Western Blot, Control, Transfection, Two Tailed Test