Journal: Gut Microbes
Article Title: The response regulator FpsR controls the flagella–pili transition and mucosal colonization in Ligilactobacillus ruminis
doi: 10.1080/19490976.2025.2596807
Figure Lengend Snippet: Flagellin expression and proinflammatory activity of L. ruminis Mot strain. a, Profiling of surface-associated proteins extracted from L. ruminis . Mk, protein size marker; H-FliC, purified His-tagged FliC1/2. b, Western blot analysis using anti-FliC1/2 antibodies. c , Purified flagellins from various bacterial species: Lag, L. agilis ; Lru, L. ruminis Mot strain; ST, Salmonella Typhimurium ; LM, Listeria monocytogenes . d–f, Reporter gene assays using HEK-Blue hTLR5 cells stimulated with whole cells (d), intact purified flagella (e), or monomerized purified flagellin (f). The secreted alkaline phosphatase (SEAP) was measured. g–i, IL−8 production by Caco−2 cells stimulated with whole cells (g), intact purified flagella (h), or monomerized purified flagellin (i). IL−8 levels in the culture supernatants were quantified. n = 3; data are shown as mean ± standard error (SE). d, g, Significant difference between WT and Mot strains is indicated using an asterisk (* P < 0.0001; Two-way ANOVA with Bonferroni multiple comparisons test.).
Article Snippet: Proinflammatory responses were assessed based on previously described methods, including quantification of IL−8 production by Caco−2 cells and a reporter gene assay using HEK-Blue hTLR5 cells (InvivoGen).
Techniques: Expressing, Activity Assay, Marker, Purification, Western Blot