insulin receptor antagonist s961  (MedChemExpress)

Journal: Neural Regeneration Research

Article Title: Hippocampal insulin resistance and the Sirtuin 1 signaling pathway in diabetes-induced cognitive dysfunction

doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.313051

Figure Lengend Snippet: Insulin receptor inhibitor S961 aggravates the impairment of cognitive function in diabetic model rats and inhibits insulin signaling and SIRT1 expression. (A) Schematic diagram of the experimental schedule. After 8 weeks of diabetes, diabetic rats were administered S961 or vehicle for 7 days, and rat behaviors were investigated by MWM ( n = 15 per group). (B–H) Behavioral data. (B) The learning curve. (C–E) The escape latency time on days 2 (C), 3 (D), and 4 (E). (F) The time spent in the target quadrant, (G) the number of times crossing the expected platform location, and (H) is the percentage of swimming distance in the target quadrant. (I–L) S961 decreased the expression of p-IR (optical density ratio to IR) (J), p-IRS-1 (optical density ratio to IRS-1) (K), and SIRT1 (optical density ratio to GAPDH) (L) in the hippocampus of diabetic model rats with cognitive decline ( n = 6 per group). Data are presented as the mean ± SEM. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01 (one-way analysis of variance). The experiments were repeated three times. DIA: Diabetic rats; GAPDH: glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; IR: insulin receptor; IRS-1: insulin receptor substrate-1; MWM: Morris water maze test; NS: non-streptozotocin rats; p-IR: phospho-insulin receptor; p-IRS-1: phospho-insulin receptor substrate-1; SIRT1: Sirtuin 1.

Article Snippet: S961 (1 μg/20 μL; MedChemExpress, Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA), an insulin receptor inhibitor, was administered to another 15 diabetic model rats once daily for 7 days, and the same number of diabetic model rats received intranasal saline (20 μL).

Techniques: Expressing