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wt161  (MedChemExpress)


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    Structured Review

    MedChemExpress wt161
    HDAC6 expression in ALL cell lines and the effect of <t>WT161</t> on HDAC6, acetyl-α-tubulin, and cell proliferation. ( a ) HDAC6 protein expression in four ALL cell lines (BALL-1, NALM-6, Jurkat, and MOLT-4) as detected by Western blot. ( b ) Relative HDAC6 mRNA levels measured by quantitative PCR (qPCR), showing expression trends consistent with ( a ). ( c ) Western blot analysis of HDAC6 and acetyl-α-tubulin protein levels in cell lines treated with or without 5 µM WT161 for 72 h. ( d ) Concentration- and time-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation by WT161 across all four ALL cell lines. IC 50 values were calculated to quantify compound sensitivity.
    Wt161, supplied by MedChemExpress, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 93/100, based on 14 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/result/wt161/product/MedChemExpress
    Average 93 stars, based on 14 article reviews
    wt161 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-05
    93/100 stars

    Images

    1) Product Images from "Selective HDAC6 inhibitor WT161 modulates the VLA-4/FAK pathway by inhibiting PKA activity in acute lymphoblastic leukemia"

    Article Title: Selective HDAC6 inhibitor WT161 modulates the VLA-4/FAK pathway by inhibiting PKA activity in acute lymphoblastic leukemia

    Journal: Scientific Reports

    doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-23887-y

    HDAC6 expression in ALL cell lines and the effect of WT161 on HDAC6, acetyl-α-tubulin, and cell proliferation. ( a ) HDAC6 protein expression in four ALL cell lines (BALL-1, NALM-6, Jurkat, and MOLT-4) as detected by Western blot. ( b ) Relative HDAC6 mRNA levels measured by quantitative PCR (qPCR), showing expression trends consistent with ( a ). ( c ) Western blot analysis of HDAC6 and acetyl-α-tubulin protein levels in cell lines treated with or without 5 µM WT161 for 72 h. ( d ) Concentration- and time-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation by WT161 across all four ALL cell lines. IC 50 values were calculated to quantify compound sensitivity.
    Figure Legend Snippet: HDAC6 expression in ALL cell lines and the effect of WT161 on HDAC6, acetyl-α-tubulin, and cell proliferation. ( a ) HDAC6 protein expression in four ALL cell lines (BALL-1, NALM-6, Jurkat, and MOLT-4) as detected by Western blot. ( b ) Relative HDAC6 mRNA levels measured by quantitative PCR (qPCR), showing expression trends consistent with ( a ). ( c ) Western blot analysis of HDAC6 and acetyl-α-tubulin protein levels in cell lines treated with or without 5 µM WT161 for 72 h. ( d ) Concentration- and time-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation by WT161 across all four ALL cell lines. IC 50 values were calculated to quantify compound sensitivity.

    Techniques Used: Expressing, Western Blot, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Concentration Assay, Inhibition

    WT161 induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in ALL cells. ( a ) Apoptosis analysis by flow cytometry with Annexin V/PI staining in four ALL cell lines after treatment with 5 µM WT161 for 72 h. ( b ) Cell cycle distribution assessed by PI staining following WT161 treatment (5 µM, 72 h), showing G₁-phase accumulation and reduced S-phase population. ( c ) Quantitative analysis of the percentage of cells in G₁ and S phases. Data are presented as the mean ± SD ( n = 3). *** P < 0.001 vs. control. ( d ) Caspase-3, -8, and − 9 activity in ALL cells treated with WT161 (5 µM, 72 h). *** P < 0.001.
    Figure Legend Snippet: WT161 induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in ALL cells. ( a ) Apoptosis analysis by flow cytometry with Annexin V/PI staining in four ALL cell lines after treatment with 5 µM WT161 for 72 h. ( b ) Cell cycle distribution assessed by PI staining following WT161 treatment (5 µM, 72 h), showing G₁-phase accumulation and reduced S-phase population. ( c ) Quantitative analysis of the percentage of cells in G₁ and S phases. Data are presented as the mean ± SD ( n = 3). *** P < 0.001 vs. control. ( d ) Caspase-3, -8, and − 9 activity in ALL cells treated with WT161 (5 µM, 72 h). *** P < 0.001.

    Techniques Used: Flow Cytometry, Staining, Control, Activity Assay

    WT161 impairs adhesion, migration, and VLA-4 expression in ALL cells. ( a ) Adhesion assay results showing reduced adhesion capacity of ALL cells after treatment with 5 µM WT161 for 72 h, as measured by fluorescence intensity. ( b ) Transwell migration assay demonstrating decreased migration ability of ALL cells treated with 5 µM WT161 for 72 h, as indicated by fewer cells migrating to the lower chamber. ( c ) Flow cytometry analysis showing downregulated surface expression of VLA-4 subunit (CD49d and CD29) in ALL cells treated with WT161 (5 µM, 72 h). ( d ) qRT-PCR data showing the decreased mRNA level of VLA-4 subunits (CD49d/CD29) in ALL cells in response to 5 µM WT161 (72 h treatment). ( e ) Protein expression of VLA-4 subunits assessed by Western blot in ALL cells following WT161 treatment (5 µM, 72 h). Data are presented as mean ± SD ( n = 3). * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001 vs. control.
    Figure Legend Snippet: WT161 impairs adhesion, migration, and VLA-4 expression in ALL cells. ( a ) Adhesion assay results showing reduced adhesion capacity of ALL cells after treatment with 5 µM WT161 for 72 h, as measured by fluorescence intensity. ( b ) Transwell migration assay demonstrating decreased migration ability of ALL cells treated with 5 µM WT161 for 72 h, as indicated by fewer cells migrating to the lower chamber. ( c ) Flow cytometry analysis showing downregulated surface expression of VLA-4 subunit (CD49d and CD29) in ALL cells treated with WT161 (5 µM, 72 h). ( d ) qRT-PCR data showing the decreased mRNA level of VLA-4 subunits (CD49d/CD29) in ALL cells in response to 5 µM WT161 (72 h treatment). ( e ) Protein expression of VLA-4 subunits assessed by Western blot in ALL cells following WT161 treatment (5 µM, 72 h). Data are presented as mean ± SD ( n = 3). * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001 vs. control.

    Techniques Used: Migration, Expressing, Cell Adhesion Assay, Fluorescence, Transwell Migration Assay, Flow Cytometry, Quantitative RT-PCR, Western Blot, Control

    WT161 suppresses PKA signaling and impairs ALL cell adhesion and migration. ( a ) Western blot analysis of phospho-PKA substrates and PKA-Cα in ALL cells treated with 5 µM WT161 for 72 h. ( b ) Intracellular cAMP levelsmeasured by ELISA in WT161-treated cells (5 µM, 72 h). ( c , d ) Expression and phosphorylation of α4-integrin at Ser988 in ( c ) B-ALL and ( d ) T-ALL cells treated with WT161 (5 µM), H-89 (PKA inhibitor), or their combination for 72 h. ( e , f ) FAK and phospho-FAK (Tyr397) levels in ( e ) B-ALL and ( f ) T-ALL cells under the same treatment conditions. ( g , h ) EGFR and phospho-EGFR (Tyr1068) expression in ( g ) B-ALL and ( h ) T-ALL cells. ( i ) Quantification of adherent cells by fluorescence intensity. ( j ) Ratio of migrated cells (measured by Transwell assay) showing decreased migration. Data are presented as mean ± SD ( n = 3). * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001 vs. control.
    Figure Legend Snippet: WT161 suppresses PKA signaling and impairs ALL cell adhesion and migration. ( a ) Western blot analysis of phospho-PKA substrates and PKA-Cα in ALL cells treated with 5 µM WT161 for 72 h. ( b ) Intracellular cAMP levelsmeasured by ELISA in WT161-treated cells (5 µM, 72 h). ( c , d ) Expression and phosphorylation of α4-integrin at Ser988 in ( c ) B-ALL and ( d ) T-ALL cells treated with WT161 (5 µM), H-89 (PKA inhibitor), or their combination for 72 h. ( e , f ) FAK and phospho-FAK (Tyr397) levels in ( e ) B-ALL and ( f ) T-ALL cells under the same treatment conditions. ( g , h ) EGFR and phospho-EGFR (Tyr1068) expression in ( g ) B-ALL and ( h ) T-ALL cells. ( i ) Quantification of adherent cells by fluorescence intensity. ( j ) Ratio of migrated cells (measured by Transwell assay) showing decreased migration. Data are presented as mean ± SD ( n = 3). * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001 vs. control.

    Techniques Used: Migration, Western Blot, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Expressing, Phospho-proteomics, Fluorescence, Transwell Assay, Control

    WT161 suppresses the VLA-4/FAK signaling pathway in ALL cells. ( a ) Western blot analysis of phosphorylated α4-integrin (Ser988), FAK (Tyr397), and EGFR (Tyr1068) in ALL cells treated with 5 µM WT161 for 72 h. ( b ) Immunofluorescence staining of active β1 integrin (green) and nuclei (blue, DAPI) in ALL cells following WT161 treatment (5 µM, 72 h), showing reduced membrane localization of active β1 integrin.
    Figure Legend Snippet: WT161 suppresses the VLA-4/FAK signaling pathway in ALL cells. ( a ) Western blot analysis of phosphorylated α4-integrin (Ser988), FAK (Tyr397), and EGFR (Tyr1068) in ALL cells treated with 5 µM WT161 for 72 h. ( b ) Immunofluorescence staining of active β1 integrin (green) and nuclei (blue, DAPI) in ALL cells following WT161 treatment (5 µM, 72 h), showing reduced membrane localization of active β1 integrin.

    Techniques Used: Western Blot, Immunofluorescence, Staining, Membrane

    WT161 suppresses tumor growth and enhances vincristine efficacy in ALL xenograft models. ( a – c ) Tumor volume changes in mice treated with WT161 (80 mg/kg, daily), vincristine (1 mg/kg, weekly), or their combination for 15 days. ( d ) Tumor weight at endpoint showing reduced tumor burden, particularly in the combination group. ( e ) H&E staining of tumor sections revealing increased necrosis, nuclear condensation, and decreased cellular density in treated groups. ( f ) TUNEL staining demonstrating enhanced apoptosis in tumor tissues after treatment. ( g ) Quantitative analysis of TUNEL-positive cells confirming the pro-apoptotic effect of WT161 in vivo. ( h ) Immunofluorescence staining showing increased acetylated α-tubulin (red) in tumor tissues following WT161 treatment. Data are presented as mean ± SD ( n = 3). ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001 vs. control.
    Figure Legend Snippet: WT161 suppresses tumor growth and enhances vincristine efficacy in ALL xenograft models. ( a – c ) Tumor volume changes in mice treated with WT161 (80 mg/kg, daily), vincristine (1 mg/kg, weekly), or their combination for 15 days. ( d ) Tumor weight at endpoint showing reduced tumor burden, particularly in the combination group. ( e ) H&E staining of tumor sections revealing increased necrosis, nuclear condensation, and decreased cellular density in treated groups. ( f ) TUNEL staining demonstrating enhanced apoptosis in tumor tissues after treatment. ( g ) Quantitative analysis of TUNEL-positive cells confirming the pro-apoptotic effect of WT161 in vivo. ( h ) Immunofluorescence staining showing increased acetylated α-tubulin (red) in tumor tissues following WT161 treatment. Data are presented as mean ± SD ( n = 3). ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001 vs. control.

    Techniques Used: Staining, TUNEL Assay, In Vivo, Immunofluorescence, Control



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    Image Search Results


    HDAC6 expression in ALL cell lines and the effect of WT161 on HDAC6, acetyl-α-tubulin, and cell proliferation. ( a ) HDAC6 protein expression in four ALL cell lines (BALL-1, NALM-6, Jurkat, and MOLT-4) as detected by Western blot. ( b ) Relative HDAC6 mRNA levels measured by quantitative PCR (qPCR), showing expression trends consistent with ( a ). ( c ) Western blot analysis of HDAC6 and acetyl-α-tubulin protein levels in cell lines treated with or without 5 µM WT161 for 72 h. ( d ) Concentration- and time-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation by WT161 across all four ALL cell lines. IC 50 values were calculated to quantify compound sensitivity.

    Journal: Scientific Reports

    Article Title: Selective HDAC6 inhibitor WT161 modulates the VLA-4/FAK pathway by inhibiting PKA activity in acute lymphoblastic leukemia

    doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-23887-y

    Figure Lengend Snippet: HDAC6 expression in ALL cell lines and the effect of WT161 on HDAC6, acetyl-α-tubulin, and cell proliferation. ( a ) HDAC6 protein expression in four ALL cell lines (BALL-1, NALM-6, Jurkat, and MOLT-4) as detected by Western blot. ( b ) Relative HDAC6 mRNA levels measured by quantitative PCR (qPCR), showing expression trends consistent with ( a ). ( c ) Western blot analysis of HDAC6 and acetyl-α-tubulin protein levels in cell lines treated with or without 5 µM WT161 for 72 h. ( d ) Concentration- and time-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation by WT161 across all four ALL cell lines. IC 50 values were calculated to quantify compound sensitivity.

    Article Snippet: WT161 was obtained from MedChemExpress (USA), vincristine from Abmole Bioscience Inc. (USA), fibronectin from Solarbio Life Sciences (China), and the CellTracker Green CMFDA (5-Chloromethylfluorescein Diacetate) from YEASEN (China).

    Techniques: Expressing, Western Blot, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Concentration Assay, Inhibition

    WT161 induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in ALL cells. ( a ) Apoptosis analysis by flow cytometry with Annexin V/PI staining in four ALL cell lines after treatment with 5 µM WT161 for 72 h. ( b ) Cell cycle distribution assessed by PI staining following WT161 treatment (5 µM, 72 h), showing G₁-phase accumulation and reduced S-phase population. ( c ) Quantitative analysis of the percentage of cells in G₁ and S phases. Data are presented as the mean ± SD ( n = 3). *** P < 0.001 vs. control. ( d ) Caspase-3, -8, and − 9 activity in ALL cells treated with WT161 (5 µM, 72 h). *** P < 0.001.

    Journal: Scientific Reports

    Article Title: Selective HDAC6 inhibitor WT161 modulates the VLA-4/FAK pathway by inhibiting PKA activity in acute lymphoblastic leukemia

    doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-23887-y

    Figure Lengend Snippet: WT161 induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in ALL cells. ( a ) Apoptosis analysis by flow cytometry with Annexin V/PI staining in four ALL cell lines after treatment with 5 µM WT161 for 72 h. ( b ) Cell cycle distribution assessed by PI staining following WT161 treatment (5 µM, 72 h), showing G₁-phase accumulation and reduced S-phase population. ( c ) Quantitative analysis of the percentage of cells in G₁ and S phases. Data are presented as the mean ± SD ( n = 3). *** P < 0.001 vs. control. ( d ) Caspase-3, -8, and − 9 activity in ALL cells treated with WT161 (5 µM, 72 h). *** P < 0.001.

    Article Snippet: WT161 was obtained from MedChemExpress (USA), vincristine from Abmole Bioscience Inc. (USA), fibronectin from Solarbio Life Sciences (China), and the CellTracker Green CMFDA (5-Chloromethylfluorescein Diacetate) from YEASEN (China).

    Techniques: Flow Cytometry, Staining, Control, Activity Assay

    WT161 impairs adhesion, migration, and VLA-4 expression in ALL cells. ( a ) Adhesion assay results showing reduced adhesion capacity of ALL cells after treatment with 5 µM WT161 for 72 h, as measured by fluorescence intensity. ( b ) Transwell migration assay demonstrating decreased migration ability of ALL cells treated with 5 µM WT161 for 72 h, as indicated by fewer cells migrating to the lower chamber. ( c ) Flow cytometry analysis showing downregulated surface expression of VLA-4 subunit (CD49d and CD29) in ALL cells treated with WT161 (5 µM, 72 h). ( d ) qRT-PCR data showing the decreased mRNA level of VLA-4 subunits (CD49d/CD29) in ALL cells in response to 5 µM WT161 (72 h treatment). ( e ) Protein expression of VLA-4 subunits assessed by Western blot in ALL cells following WT161 treatment (5 µM, 72 h). Data are presented as mean ± SD ( n = 3). * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001 vs. control.

    Journal: Scientific Reports

    Article Title: Selective HDAC6 inhibitor WT161 modulates the VLA-4/FAK pathway by inhibiting PKA activity in acute lymphoblastic leukemia

    doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-23887-y

    Figure Lengend Snippet: WT161 impairs adhesion, migration, and VLA-4 expression in ALL cells. ( a ) Adhesion assay results showing reduced adhesion capacity of ALL cells after treatment with 5 µM WT161 for 72 h, as measured by fluorescence intensity. ( b ) Transwell migration assay demonstrating decreased migration ability of ALL cells treated with 5 µM WT161 for 72 h, as indicated by fewer cells migrating to the lower chamber. ( c ) Flow cytometry analysis showing downregulated surface expression of VLA-4 subunit (CD49d and CD29) in ALL cells treated with WT161 (5 µM, 72 h). ( d ) qRT-PCR data showing the decreased mRNA level of VLA-4 subunits (CD49d/CD29) in ALL cells in response to 5 µM WT161 (72 h treatment). ( e ) Protein expression of VLA-4 subunits assessed by Western blot in ALL cells following WT161 treatment (5 µM, 72 h). Data are presented as mean ± SD ( n = 3). * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001 vs. control.

    Article Snippet: WT161 was obtained from MedChemExpress (USA), vincristine from Abmole Bioscience Inc. (USA), fibronectin from Solarbio Life Sciences (China), and the CellTracker Green CMFDA (5-Chloromethylfluorescein Diacetate) from YEASEN (China).

    Techniques: Migration, Expressing, Cell Adhesion Assay, Fluorescence, Transwell Migration Assay, Flow Cytometry, Quantitative RT-PCR, Western Blot, Control

    WT161 suppresses PKA signaling and impairs ALL cell adhesion and migration. ( a ) Western blot analysis of phospho-PKA substrates and PKA-Cα in ALL cells treated with 5 µM WT161 for 72 h. ( b ) Intracellular cAMP levelsmeasured by ELISA in WT161-treated cells (5 µM, 72 h). ( c , d ) Expression and phosphorylation of α4-integrin at Ser988 in ( c ) B-ALL and ( d ) T-ALL cells treated with WT161 (5 µM), H-89 (PKA inhibitor), or their combination for 72 h. ( e , f ) FAK and phospho-FAK (Tyr397) levels in ( e ) B-ALL and ( f ) T-ALL cells under the same treatment conditions. ( g , h ) EGFR and phospho-EGFR (Tyr1068) expression in ( g ) B-ALL and ( h ) T-ALL cells. ( i ) Quantification of adherent cells by fluorescence intensity. ( j ) Ratio of migrated cells (measured by Transwell assay) showing decreased migration. Data are presented as mean ± SD ( n = 3). * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001 vs. control.

    Journal: Scientific Reports

    Article Title: Selective HDAC6 inhibitor WT161 modulates the VLA-4/FAK pathway by inhibiting PKA activity in acute lymphoblastic leukemia

    doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-23887-y

    Figure Lengend Snippet: WT161 suppresses PKA signaling and impairs ALL cell adhesion and migration. ( a ) Western blot analysis of phospho-PKA substrates and PKA-Cα in ALL cells treated with 5 µM WT161 for 72 h. ( b ) Intracellular cAMP levelsmeasured by ELISA in WT161-treated cells (5 µM, 72 h). ( c , d ) Expression and phosphorylation of α4-integrin at Ser988 in ( c ) B-ALL and ( d ) T-ALL cells treated with WT161 (5 µM), H-89 (PKA inhibitor), or their combination for 72 h. ( e , f ) FAK and phospho-FAK (Tyr397) levels in ( e ) B-ALL and ( f ) T-ALL cells under the same treatment conditions. ( g , h ) EGFR and phospho-EGFR (Tyr1068) expression in ( g ) B-ALL and ( h ) T-ALL cells. ( i ) Quantification of adherent cells by fluorescence intensity. ( j ) Ratio of migrated cells (measured by Transwell assay) showing decreased migration. Data are presented as mean ± SD ( n = 3). * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001 vs. control.

    Article Snippet: WT161 was obtained from MedChemExpress (USA), vincristine from Abmole Bioscience Inc. (USA), fibronectin from Solarbio Life Sciences (China), and the CellTracker Green CMFDA (5-Chloromethylfluorescein Diacetate) from YEASEN (China).

    Techniques: Migration, Western Blot, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Expressing, Phospho-proteomics, Fluorescence, Transwell Assay, Control

    WT161 suppresses the VLA-4/FAK signaling pathway in ALL cells. ( a ) Western blot analysis of phosphorylated α4-integrin (Ser988), FAK (Tyr397), and EGFR (Tyr1068) in ALL cells treated with 5 µM WT161 for 72 h. ( b ) Immunofluorescence staining of active β1 integrin (green) and nuclei (blue, DAPI) in ALL cells following WT161 treatment (5 µM, 72 h), showing reduced membrane localization of active β1 integrin.

    Journal: Scientific Reports

    Article Title: Selective HDAC6 inhibitor WT161 modulates the VLA-4/FAK pathway by inhibiting PKA activity in acute lymphoblastic leukemia

    doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-23887-y

    Figure Lengend Snippet: WT161 suppresses the VLA-4/FAK signaling pathway in ALL cells. ( a ) Western blot analysis of phosphorylated α4-integrin (Ser988), FAK (Tyr397), and EGFR (Tyr1068) in ALL cells treated with 5 µM WT161 for 72 h. ( b ) Immunofluorescence staining of active β1 integrin (green) and nuclei (blue, DAPI) in ALL cells following WT161 treatment (5 µM, 72 h), showing reduced membrane localization of active β1 integrin.

    Article Snippet: WT161 was obtained from MedChemExpress (USA), vincristine from Abmole Bioscience Inc. (USA), fibronectin from Solarbio Life Sciences (China), and the CellTracker Green CMFDA (5-Chloromethylfluorescein Diacetate) from YEASEN (China).

    Techniques: Western Blot, Immunofluorescence, Staining, Membrane

    WT161 suppresses tumor growth and enhances vincristine efficacy in ALL xenograft models. ( a – c ) Tumor volume changes in mice treated with WT161 (80 mg/kg, daily), vincristine (1 mg/kg, weekly), or their combination for 15 days. ( d ) Tumor weight at endpoint showing reduced tumor burden, particularly in the combination group. ( e ) H&E staining of tumor sections revealing increased necrosis, nuclear condensation, and decreased cellular density in treated groups. ( f ) TUNEL staining demonstrating enhanced apoptosis in tumor tissues after treatment. ( g ) Quantitative analysis of TUNEL-positive cells confirming the pro-apoptotic effect of WT161 in vivo. ( h ) Immunofluorescence staining showing increased acetylated α-tubulin (red) in tumor tissues following WT161 treatment. Data are presented as mean ± SD ( n = 3). ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001 vs. control.

    Journal: Scientific Reports

    Article Title: Selective HDAC6 inhibitor WT161 modulates the VLA-4/FAK pathway by inhibiting PKA activity in acute lymphoblastic leukemia

    doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-23887-y

    Figure Lengend Snippet: WT161 suppresses tumor growth and enhances vincristine efficacy in ALL xenograft models. ( a – c ) Tumor volume changes in mice treated with WT161 (80 mg/kg, daily), vincristine (1 mg/kg, weekly), or their combination for 15 days. ( d ) Tumor weight at endpoint showing reduced tumor burden, particularly in the combination group. ( e ) H&E staining of tumor sections revealing increased necrosis, nuclear condensation, and decreased cellular density in treated groups. ( f ) TUNEL staining demonstrating enhanced apoptosis in tumor tissues after treatment. ( g ) Quantitative analysis of TUNEL-positive cells confirming the pro-apoptotic effect of WT161 in vivo. ( h ) Immunofluorescence staining showing increased acetylated α-tubulin (red) in tumor tissues following WT161 treatment. Data are presented as mean ± SD ( n = 3). ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001 vs. control.

    Article Snippet: WT161 was obtained from MedChemExpress (USA), vincristine from Abmole Bioscience Inc. (USA), fibronectin from Solarbio Life Sciences (China), and the CellTracker Green CMFDA (5-Chloromethylfluorescein Diacetate) from YEASEN (China).

    Techniques: Staining, TUNEL Assay, In Vivo, Immunofluorescence, Control