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guinea pig anti vglut2  (Alomone Labs)


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    Structured Review

    Alomone Labs guinea pig anti vglut2
    Guinea Pig Anti Vglut2, supplied by Alomone Labs, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 91/100, based on 2 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/vglut2/Guinea+Pig+Anti-VGLUT2+Antibody/pmc13205089-98-86-90
    Average 91 stars, based on 2 article reviews
    guinea pig anti vglut2 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-10
    91/100 stars

    Images

    Related Articles

    Immunofluorescence:

    Article Title: Optogenetic stimulation of Glutamatergic Neuronal Activity in the Striatum Enhances Neurogenesis in the Subventricular Zone of Normal and Stroke Mice
    Article Snippet: .. Immunofluorescence staining was performed with the primary antibodies against VGLUT1 (1:400; UC Davis/NIH NeuroMab Facility), VGLUT2 (1:400; Alomone Labs, Israel.) .. CaMKIIα (1:400; Millipore), NeuN and Nestin (1:500; Millipore), GluR1 and GluR2 (1:300; Millipore), NR1 and NR2B (1:300; Abcam), Iba1 (1:300; Abcam) and Cleaved Caspase-3 (1:400; Cell Signaling, Danvers, MA).

    Staining:

    Article Title: Optogenetic stimulation of Glutamatergic Neuronal Activity in the Striatum Enhances Neurogenesis in the Subventricular Zone of Normal and Stroke Mice
    Article Snippet: .. Immunofluorescence staining was performed with the primary antibodies against VGLUT1 (1:400; UC Davis/NIH NeuroMab Facility), VGLUT2 (1:400; Alomone Labs, Israel.) .. CaMKIIα (1:400; Millipore), NeuN and Nestin (1:500; Millipore), GluR1 and GluR2 (1:300; Millipore), NR1 and NR2B (1:300; Abcam), Iba1 (1:300; Abcam) and Cleaved Caspase-3 (1:400; Cell Signaling, Danvers, MA).

    Immunocytochemistry:

    Article Title: GBA1 MUTATIONS ALTER THE PHENOTYPE AND BEHAVIOUR OF DOPAMINERGIC NEURONS IN PARKINSON’S DISEASE, INFLUENCING VGLUT2 AND CRYAB EXPRESSION
    Article Snippet: .. For immunocytochemistry (ICC), cells were first washed three times with PBS and then incubated for 1 hour at room temperature (RmT) in permeabilization/blocking buffer (0.1-0.4% Triton X-100/Normal goat or donkey serum/PBS), prior to probing them 20-22 hours with primary antibodies against: CRYAB (1:250: Abcam Cat# ab76467, RRID:AB_1523120); FOXA2 (1:100: Abcam Cat# ab108422, RRID:AB_11157157); GABA (1:2000: Sigma Cat# A2051, RRID:AB_2314459); GIRK2 (1:200: Abcam Cat# ab65096, RRID:AB_1139732); MAP2 (1:250: Sigma-Aldrich Cat# M1406, RRID:AB_477171 and 1:1000: Synaptic Systems Cat# 188004, RRID:AB_2138181); α-synuclein LB509 (1:800: Abcam Cat# ab27766, RRID:AB_727020); TH (1:200: Millipore Cat# MAB318, RRID:AB_2201528 and 1:200: Millipore Cat# AB152, RRID:AB_390204); β-III-tubulin (TUJ1, 1:1000: Covance Cat# MMS-435P, RRID:AB_2313773 and TUJ1, 1:300: Abcam Cat# ab18207, RRID:AB_444319); VGLUT2 (1:500: Alomone Cat# AGC-036, RRID:AB_2340950). ..

    Article Title: GBA1 mutations alter neuronal excitability and ultrastructure in Parkinson´s disease, regulating VGLUT2 and CRYAB in dopaminergic neurons
    Article Snippet: .. Immunocytochemistry (ICC) Cells were xed for 25 minutes with 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA) and then incubated for 1 hour at room temperature (RmT) in permeabilization/blocking buffer (0.1–0.4% Triton X-100/Normal goat or donkey serum/PBS), prior to probing them 20–22 hours with primary antibodies against: CRYAB (1:250: Abcam Cat# ab76467, RRID:AB_1523120); FOXA2 (1:100: Abcam Cat# ab108422, RRID:AB_11157157); GABA (1:2000: Sigma Cat# A2051, RRID:AB_2314459); GIRK2 (1:200: Abcam Cat# ab65096, RRID:AB_1139732); MAP2 (1:250: Sigma-Aldrich Cat# M1406, RRID:AB_477171 and 1:1000: Synaptic Systems Cat# 188004, RRID:AB_2138181); α-synuclein LB509 (1:800: Abcam Cat# ab27766, RRID:AB_727020); TH (1:200: Millipore Cat# MAB318, RRID:AB_2201528 and 1:200: Millipore Cat# Page 13/36 AB152, RRID:AB_390204); β-III-tubulin (TUJ1 clone, 1:1000: Covance Cat# MMS-435P, RRID:AB_2313773 and TUJ1, 1:300: Abcam Cat# ab18207, RRID:AB_444319); VGLUT2 (1:500: Alomone Cat# AGC-036, RRID:AB_2340950). ..

    Incubation:

    Article Title: GBA1 MUTATIONS ALTER THE PHENOTYPE AND BEHAVIOUR OF DOPAMINERGIC NEURONS IN PARKINSON’S DISEASE, INFLUENCING VGLUT2 AND CRYAB EXPRESSION
    Article Snippet: .. For immunocytochemistry (ICC), cells were first washed three times with PBS and then incubated for 1 hour at room temperature (RmT) in permeabilization/blocking buffer (0.1-0.4% Triton X-100/Normal goat or donkey serum/PBS), prior to probing them 20-22 hours with primary antibodies against: CRYAB (1:250: Abcam Cat# ab76467, RRID:AB_1523120); FOXA2 (1:100: Abcam Cat# ab108422, RRID:AB_11157157); GABA (1:2000: Sigma Cat# A2051, RRID:AB_2314459); GIRK2 (1:200: Abcam Cat# ab65096, RRID:AB_1139732); MAP2 (1:250: Sigma-Aldrich Cat# M1406, RRID:AB_477171 and 1:1000: Synaptic Systems Cat# 188004, RRID:AB_2138181); α-synuclein LB509 (1:800: Abcam Cat# ab27766, RRID:AB_727020); TH (1:200: Millipore Cat# MAB318, RRID:AB_2201528 and 1:200: Millipore Cat# AB152, RRID:AB_390204); β-III-tubulin (TUJ1, 1:1000: Covance Cat# MMS-435P, RRID:AB_2313773 and TUJ1, 1:300: Abcam Cat# ab18207, RRID:AB_444319); VGLUT2 (1:500: Alomone Cat# AGC-036, RRID:AB_2340950). ..

    Article Title: Corticostriatal Projections Relying on GABA Levels Mediate Exercise-Induced Functional Recovery in Cerebral Ischemic Mice.
    Article Snippet: Stroke is a neurological disorder characterized by high disability and death worldwide.. The occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCAO) supplying the cortical motor regions and its projection pathway regions can either kill the cortical neurons or block their projections to the spinal cord and subcortical structure.. The cerebral cortex is the primary striatal afferent, and the medium spiny neurons of the striatum have been identified as the major output neurons projecting to the substantia nigra and pallidum.

    Article Title: Parvalbumin-producing cortical interneurons receive inhibitory inputs on proximal portions and cortical excitatory inputs on distal dendrites.
    Article Snippet: Some sections were incubated overnight with a mixture of 1 lg ⁄ mL anti-GFP rabbit antibody (Tamamaki et al., 2000) and 1 ⁄ 2000-diluted anti-PV mouse monoclonal ascites (Sigma, St Louis, MO, USA), and then for 1 h with a mixture of 20 lg ⁄ mL AlexaFluor (AF)488-conjugated antirabbit IgG goat antibody (Invitrogen) and 20 lg ⁄ mL AF594-conjugated anti-mouse IgG goat antibody (Invitrogen). .. Other sections were incubated overnight with a mixture of 1 lg ⁄ mL anti-GFP guinea pig antibody (Tamamaki et al., 2000) and 5 lg ⁄ mL rabbit antibody against either Kv3.1 (Alomone Labs, Jerusalem, Israel), VGluT1 (Hioki et al., 2003), VGluT2 (Hioki et al., 2003), or VGAT (Synaptic Systems, Göttingen, Germany), and then with a mixture of 20 lg ⁄ mL AF488-conjugated anti-guinea pig IgG goat antibody (Invitrogen) and 50 lg ⁄ mL AF594-conjugated anti-rabbit IgG goat antibody (Invitrogen). ..

    Article Title: GBA1 mutations alter neuronal excitability and ultrastructure in Parkinson´s disease, regulating VGLUT2 and CRYAB in dopaminergic neurons
    Article Snippet: .. Immunocytochemistry (ICC) Cells were xed for 25 minutes with 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA) and then incubated for 1 hour at room temperature (RmT) in permeabilization/blocking buffer (0.1–0.4% Triton X-100/Normal goat or donkey serum/PBS), prior to probing them 20–22 hours with primary antibodies against: CRYAB (1:250: Abcam Cat# ab76467, RRID:AB_1523120); FOXA2 (1:100: Abcam Cat# ab108422, RRID:AB_11157157); GABA (1:2000: Sigma Cat# A2051, RRID:AB_2314459); GIRK2 (1:200: Abcam Cat# ab65096, RRID:AB_1139732); MAP2 (1:250: Sigma-Aldrich Cat# M1406, RRID:AB_477171 and 1:1000: Synaptic Systems Cat# 188004, RRID:AB_2138181); α-synuclein LB509 (1:800: Abcam Cat# ab27766, RRID:AB_727020); TH (1:200: Millipore Cat# MAB318, RRID:AB_2201528 and 1:200: Millipore Cat# Page 13/36 AB152, RRID:AB_390204); β-III-tubulin (TUJ1 clone, 1:1000: Covance Cat# MMS-435P, RRID:AB_2313773 and TUJ1, 1:300: Abcam Cat# ab18207, RRID:AB_444319); VGLUT2 (1:500: Alomone Cat# AGC-036, RRID:AB_2340950). ..

    other:

    Article Title: Sema7A/PlxnCl signaling triggers activity-dependent olfactory synapse formation
    Article Snippet: Antibodies against Sema7A (goat, 1:3000, #AF-1835), PlxnC1 (goat, 1:3000, discontinued), and CNG-A2 (rabbit, 1:200, #APC-045), vGlut2 (guinea pig, 1:1000, #AB2251-l), GluR1 (rabbit, 1:1000, #ab51092), GFP (rabbit, 1:1000, #A-10260), Lucifer yellow (rabbit, 1:2000, #A-5750), and OMP (goat, 1:2000, #Cat. No. 019-22291), were purchased from R&D Systems, Abcam, Alomone Labs, Millipore, Invitrogen, Abcam, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Thermo Fisher Scientific, and Wako Chemicals, respectively.



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    Jackson Laboratory vglut2 cre mice
    (A) Example in vivo 2-photon max intensity projections (mip) of cytoplasmic (Cyto, left) and mitochondrial (Mito, right) Twitch-2b expressed in retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) <t>of</t> <t>VGlut2-Cre</t> mice. (B) Swarm plots of homeostatic cyto- and mito-Ca 2+ levels, as measured by cpVenus (YFP) to mCerulean (CFP) FRET ratios, MWU test (cyto-T2b n = 868 RGCs from 14 retinas and 8 mice, mito-T2b n = 1066 RGCs from 19 retinas and 15 mice). (C) Average intensity projections (aip) of mito-T2b in vivo of the same RGCs at baseline and 4 days later. Magenta arrows indicate RGCs with higher baseline mito-Ca 2+ and green arrows indicate RGCs with lower mito-Ca 2+ levels. (D) Scatterplot of mito-Ca 2+ levels pre and 4 day follow-up timepoints. R = 0.45, (n = 205 RGCs from 5 retinas and 3 mice). (E) Swarm plots of change in mito-Ca 2+ levels from baseline to 4 day follow-up replotted from panel (D). (F) Example aips of mito-T2b at baseline and 10 min following intravitreal Ru265 injection. White arrows indicate RGCs with reduced mito-Ca 2+ . (G) Line graphs of mito-Ca 2+ levels before and 10 min after Ru265 injection. Individual RGCs are in blue, and mean is in black (n = 175 RGCs from 4 retinas and 4 mice). (H) Example aips of cyto-T2b at baseline and 10 min after intravitreal Ru265. White arrows indicate RGCs with increased cyto-Ca 2+ . (I) Line graphs of cyto-Ca 2+ levels before and 10 min after Ru265 injection. Individual RGCs are in orange, and mean is in black (n = 123 RGCs from 4 retinas and 4 mice). (J) Swarm plot comparing changes in Ca 2+ levels after Ru265 between cyto- and mito-T2b. Black bars are mean +/- SEM replotted from panels (G and I). (K) Example aips of KCNG4-Cre mito-T2b acquired with in vivo transscleral imaging. GCL = ganglion cell layer, IPL = inner plexiform layer, NFL = nerve fiber layer. Box indicates magnified region. (L) Representative confocal mips of fixed retinal wholemounts showing endogenous mito-T2b (yellow) and TOMM20 (cyan) immunostaining. Scale bars = 100 μm.
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    Behavioral scoring synchronization with neural activity in a single mouse. (A) Right: Representative image of <t>a</t> <t>VGluT2-Cre</t> mouse during the TST with patch cable coupled to the optical fiber cannula implanted in the medial septum (MS). Left: Green dots show GCaMP8s expression of MS VGluT2 neurons, while blue shows nuclear DAPI staining. (B) Load-cell signals detected by iMOSS-AS (top), manually scored mobility (red) and immobility (blue) bouts with iMOSS-MV (middle), and GCaMP8s signals recorded from MS vGluT2 neurons with calcium peaks (red crosses) (bottom). (C) Mean ( ± SEM) calcium Z score (left), peak frequency (middle) and amplitude (right) between immobility and mobility bouts. (D) Heatmap (top) and mean trace (bottom) of GCaMP8s signals within 1-s before and after the onset of mobility and immobility, scored by iMOSS-AS. The white regions inside the heatmap indicate masked time points where the aligned window exceeded the target event boundaries. Only event-pure segments were included in the analysis to avoid contamination from adjacent behavioral states, and averages were computed from valid samples only. (E) Raster plots (top) and line graphs (bottom) illustrating the frequency and amplitude of calcium peaks relative to mobility and immobility onsets. (F) Mean ( ± SEM) calcium peak count (left) and amplitude (right) within 1-s before and after the onset of immobility and mobility bouts. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01.
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    Behavioral scoring synchronization with neural activity in a single mouse. (A) Right: Representative image of <t>a</t> <t>VGluT2-Cre</t> mouse during the TST with patch cable coupled to the optical fiber cannula implanted in the medial septum (MS). Left: Green dots show GCaMP8s expression of MS VGluT2 neurons, while blue shows nuclear DAPI staining. (B) Load-cell signals detected by iMOSS-AS (top), manually scored mobility (red) and immobility (blue) bouts with iMOSS-MV (middle), and GCaMP8s signals recorded from MS vGluT2 neurons with calcium peaks (red crosses) (bottom). (C) Mean ( ± SEM) calcium Z score (left), peak frequency (middle) and amplitude (right) between immobility and mobility bouts. (D) Heatmap (top) and mean trace (bottom) of GCaMP8s signals within 1-s before and after the onset of mobility and immobility, scored by iMOSS-AS. The white regions inside the heatmap indicate masked time points where the aligned window exceeded the target event boundaries. Only event-pure segments were included in the analysis to avoid contamination from adjacent behavioral states, and averages were computed from valid samples only. (E) Raster plots (top) and line graphs (bottom) illustrating the frequency and amplitude of calcium peaks relative to mobility and immobility onsets. (F) Mean ( ± SEM) calcium peak count (left) and amplitude (right) within 1-s before and after the onset of immobility and mobility bouts. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01.
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    Image Search Results


    (A) Example in vivo 2-photon max intensity projections (mip) of cytoplasmic (Cyto, left) and mitochondrial (Mito, right) Twitch-2b expressed in retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) of VGlut2-Cre mice. (B) Swarm plots of homeostatic cyto- and mito-Ca 2+ levels, as measured by cpVenus (YFP) to mCerulean (CFP) FRET ratios, MWU test (cyto-T2b n = 868 RGCs from 14 retinas and 8 mice, mito-T2b n = 1066 RGCs from 19 retinas and 15 mice). (C) Average intensity projections (aip) of mito-T2b in vivo of the same RGCs at baseline and 4 days later. Magenta arrows indicate RGCs with higher baseline mito-Ca 2+ and green arrows indicate RGCs with lower mito-Ca 2+ levels. (D) Scatterplot of mito-Ca 2+ levels pre and 4 day follow-up timepoints. R = 0.45, (n = 205 RGCs from 5 retinas and 3 mice). (E) Swarm plots of change in mito-Ca 2+ levels from baseline to 4 day follow-up replotted from panel (D). (F) Example aips of mito-T2b at baseline and 10 min following intravitreal Ru265 injection. White arrows indicate RGCs with reduced mito-Ca 2+ . (G) Line graphs of mito-Ca 2+ levels before and 10 min after Ru265 injection. Individual RGCs are in blue, and mean is in black (n = 175 RGCs from 4 retinas and 4 mice). (H) Example aips of cyto-T2b at baseline and 10 min after intravitreal Ru265. White arrows indicate RGCs with increased cyto-Ca 2+ . (I) Line graphs of cyto-Ca 2+ levels before and 10 min after Ru265 injection. Individual RGCs are in orange, and mean is in black (n = 123 RGCs from 4 retinas and 4 mice). (J) Swarm plot comparing changes in Ca 2+ levels after Ru265 between cyto- and mito-T2b. Black bars are mean +/- SEM replotted from panels (G and I). (K) Example aips of KCNG4-Cre mito-T2b acquired with in vivo transscleral imaging. GCL = ganglion cell layer, IPL = inner plexiform layer, NFL = nerve fiber layer. Box indicates magnified region. (L) Representative confocal mips of fixed retinal wholemounts showing endogenous mito-T2b (yellow) and TOMM20 (cyan) immunostaining. Scale bars = 100 μm.

    Journal: bioRxiv

    Article Title: A paradoxical relationship between mitochondrial calcium regulation and retinal ganglion cell degeneration after axon damage

    doi: 10.64898/2026.05.13.724793

    Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Example in vivo 2-photon max intensity projections (mip) of cytoplasmic (Cyto, left) and mitochondrial (Mito, right) Twitch-2b expressed in retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) of VGlut2-Cre mice. (B) Swarm plots of homeostatic cyto- and mito-Ca 2+ levels, as measured by cpVenus (YFP) to mCerulean (CFP) FRET ratios, MWU test (cyto-T2b n = 868 RGCs from 14 retinas and 8 mice, mito-T2b n = 1066 RGCs from 19 retinas and 15 mice). (C) Average intensity projections (aip) of mito-T2b in vivo of the same RGCs at baseline and 4 days later. Magenta arrows indicate RGCs with higher baseline mito-Ca 2+ and green arrows indicate RGCs with lower mito-Ca 2+ levels. (D) Scatterplot of mito-Ca 2+ levels pre and 4 day follow-up timepoints. R = 0.45, (n = 205 RGCs from 5 retinas and 3 mice). (E) Swarm plots of change in mito-Ca 2+ levels from baseline to 4 day follow-up replotted from panel (D). (F) Example aips of mito-T2b at baseline and 10 min following intravitreal Ru265 injection. White arrows indicate RGCs with reduced mito-Ca 2+ . (G) Line graphs of mito-Ca 2+ levels before and 10 min after Ru265 injection. Individual RGCs are in blue, and mean is in black (n = 175 RGCs from 4 retinas and 4 mice). (H) Example aips of cyto-T2b at baseline and 10 min after intravitreal Ru265. White arrows indicate RGCs with increased cyto-Ca 2+ . (I) Line graphs of cyto-Ca 2+ levels before and 10 min after Ru265 injection. Individual RGCs are in orange, and mean is in black (n = 123 RGCs from 4 retinas and 4 mice). (J) Swarm plot comparing changes in Ca 2+ levels after Ru265 between cyto- and mito-T2b. Black bars are mean +/- SEM replotted from panels (G and I). (K) Example aips of KCNG4-Cre mito-T2b acquired with in vivo transscleral imaging. GCL = ganglion cell layer, IPL = inner plexiform layer, NFL = nerve fiber layer. Box indicates magnified region. (L) Representative confocal mips of fixed retinal wholemounts showing endogenous mito-T2b (yellow) and TOMM20 (cyan) immunostaining. Scale bars = 100 μm.

    Article Snippet: For overexpression experiments, VGlut2-Cre mice were crossed with B6N.Cg-Gt(ROSA)26Sortm1(CAG-EGFP*)Thm/J (032675, Jackson Labs) mice for outer mitochondrial membrane-GFP expression (not analyzed/used).

    Techniques: In Vivo, Injection, Imaging, Immunostaining

    (A) Example in vivo aips of mito-T2b from VGlut2-Cre transgenic mouse and the same imaged region in fixed retinal wholemount immunostained for SPP1 (red, αRGCs) and TBR2 (cyan, ip-RGCs). Mito-T2b is greyscale. Arrows represent cells identified as positive for the different stains: cyan = TBR2 only, red = SPP1 only, and white = SPP1 / TBR2 positive. (B) Swarm plots of mito-Ca 2+ levels in individual RGCs positive for indicated RGC markers. Means are labeled with a black bar +/- SEM (n = 479 RGCs from 6 retinas and 6 mice). (C) Representative aips of mito-T2b expression in VGlut2-Cre (all RGCs) and KCNG4-Cre transgenic mice (αRGCs). (D) Swarm plots of mito-Ca 2+ levels from VGlut2-Cre and KCNG4-Cre transgenic mice (n = 79 RGCs from 6 retinas and 3 mice). Scale bars = 100 μm.

    Journal: bioRxiv

    Article Title: A paradoxical relationship between mitochondrial calcium regulation and retinal ganglion cell degeneration after axon damage

    doi: 10.64898/2026.05.13.724793

    Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Example in vivo aips of mito-T2b from VGlut2-Cre transgenic mouse and the same imaged region in fixed retinal wholemount immunostained for SPP1 (red, αRGCs) and TBR2 (cyan, ip-RGCs). Mito-T2b is greyscale. Arrows represent cells identified as positive for the different stains: cyan = TBR2 only, red = SPP1 only, and white = SPP1 / TBR2 positive. (B) Swarm plots of mito-Ca 2+ levels in individual RGCs positive for indicated RGC markers. Means are labeled with a black bar +/- SEM (n = 479 RGCs from 6 retinas and 6 mice). (C) Representative aips of mito-T2b expression in VGlut2-Cre (all RGCs) and KCNG4-Cre transgenic mice (αRGCs). (D) Swarm plots of mito-Ca 2+ levels from VGlut2-Cre and KCNG4-Cre transgenic mice (n = 79 RGCs from 6 retinas and 3 mice). Scale bars = 100 μm.

    Article Snippet: For overexpression experiments, VGlut2-Cre mice were crossed with B6N.Cg-Gt(ROSA)26Sortm1(CAG-EGFP*)Thm/J (032675, Jackson Labs) mice for outer mitochondrial membrane-GFP expression (not analyzed/used).

    Techniques: In Vivo, Transgenic Assay, Labeling, Expressing

    Behavioral scoring synchronization with neural activity in a single mouse. (A) Right: Representative image of a VGluT2-Cre mouse during the TST with patch cable coupled to the optical fiber cannula implanted in the medial septum (MS). Left: Green dots show GCaMP8s expression of MS VGluT2 neurons, while blue shows nuclear DAPI staining. (B) Load-cell signals detected by iMOSS-AS (top), manually scored mobility (red) and immobility (blue) bouts with iMOSS-MV (middle), and GCaMP8s signals recorded from MS vGluT2 neurons with calcium peaks (red crosses) (bottom). (C) Mean ( ± SEM) calcium Z score (left), peak frequency (middle) and amplitude (right) between immobility and mobility bouts. (D) Heatmap (top) and mean trace (bottom) of GCaMP8s signals within 1-s before and after the onset of mobility and immobility, scored by iMOSS-AS. The white regions inside the heatmap indicate masked time points where the aligned window exceeded the target event boundaries. Only event-pure segments were included in the analysis to avoid contamination from adjacent behavioral states, and averages were computed from valid samples only. (E) Raster plots (top) and line graphs (bottom) illustrating the frequency and amplitude of calcium peaks relative to mobility and immobility onsets. (F) Mean ( ± SEM) calcium peak count (left) and amplitude (right) within 1-s before and after the onset of immobility and mobility bouts. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01.

    Journal: Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience

    Article Title: iMOSS: an integrated open-source tail suspension test platform for high-resolution immobility scoring and synchronization with neural activity

    doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2026.1819512

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Behavioral scoring synchronization with neural activity in a single mouse. (A) Right: Representative image of a VGluT2-Cre mouse during the TST with patch cable coupled to the optical fiber cannula implanted in the medial septum (MS). Left: Green dots show GCaMP8s expression of MS VGluT2 neurons, while blue shows nuclear DAPI staining. (B) Load-cell signals detected by iMOSS-AS (top), manually scored mobility (red) and immobility (blue) bouts with iMOSS-MV (middle), and GCaMP8s signals recorded from MS vGluT2 neurons with calcium peaks (red crosses) (bottom). (C) Mean ( ± SEM) calcium Z score (left), peak frequency (middle) and amplitude (right) between immobility and mobility bouts. (D) Heatmap (top) and mean trace (bottom) of GCaMP8s signals within 1-s before and after the onset of mobility and immobility, scored by iMOSS-AS. The white regions inside the heatmap indicate masked time points where the aligned window exceeded the target event boundaries. Only event-pure segments were included in the analysis to avoid contamination from adjacent behavioral states, and averages were computed from valid samples only. (E) Raster plots (top) and line graphs (bottom) illustrating the frequency and amplitude of calcium peaks relative to mobility and immobility onsets. (F) Mean ( ± SEM) calcium peak count (left) and amplitude (right) within 1-s before and after the onset of immobility and mobility bouts. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01.

    Article Snippet: The C57BL/6 mice were purchased from Jackson Laboratory (Bar Harbor, ME), while transgenic vGluT2-Cre mice were obtained from Jackson Lab then bred at the National Institute on Drug Abuse Intramural Research Program animal facility.

    Techniques: Activity Assay, Expressing, Staining