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Proteintech il 6

Immunomodulatory effects of the bioengineered LEVs Tet−PKM2 @TA in terms of their ability to modulate macrophage polarization in vitro . The macrophages were treated with 100 ng/mL LPS for 24 h and then treated with PBS (Control), 100 μg/mL LEVs PKM2 , LEVs Tet−PKM2 , or LEVs Tet−PKM2 @TA for another 24 h. ( A ) The relative mRNA expression levels of M1 polarization-related genes <t>(</t> <t>IL-6</t> and IL-1β ) and M2 polarization-related genes ( IL-4 and Arg-1 ) in the Control, LEVs PKM2 , LEVs Tet−PKM2 , and LEVs Tet−PKM2 @TA groups (qRT‒PCR) ( n = 3). ( B ) Concentrations of M1-related cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α) and M2-related cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10) in the supernatants of the Control, LEVs PKM2 , LEVs Tet−PKM2 , and LEVs Tet−PKM2 @TA groups (ELISA) ( n = 3). ( C ) Representative immunofluorescence images and quantification of the expression levels of M1-related proteins (iNOS and CCR7) and M2-related proteins (CD163, CD206, and Arg-1) in the Control, LEVs PKM2 , LEVs Tet−PKM2 , and LEVs Tet−PKM2 @TA groups ( n = 3). The data are expressed as the mean ± SEM. Statistical analysis was performed with one-way ANOVA ( A , B , and C ). ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, and ∗∗∗ p < 0.001 indicate significant differences between the indicated columns.

Il 6, supplied by Proteintech, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 96/100, based on 655 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/ke10007/Mouse+IL-6+ELISA+Kit/pmc12808913-222-18-20
Average 96 stars, based on 655 article reviews

il 6 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-09

96/100 stars

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1) Product Images from "Bioengineered extracellular vesicles escape lysosomal degradation and deliver Tet-PKM2 for macrophage immunometabolic reprogramming and periodontitis treatment"

Article Title: Bioengineered extracellular vesicles escape lysosomal degradation and deliver Tet-PKM2 for macrophage immunometabolic reprogramming and periodontitis treatment

Journal: Bioactive Materials

doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2026.01.002

Figure Legend Snippet: Immunomodulatory effects of the bioengineered LEVs Tet−PKM2 @TA in terms of their ability to modulate macrophage polarization in vitro . The macrophages were treated with 100 ng/mL LPS for 24 h and then treated with PBS (Control), 100 μg/mL LEVs PKM2 , LEVs Tet−PKM2 , or LEVs Tet−PKM2 @TA for another 24 h. ( A ) The relative mRNA expression levels of M1 polarization-related genes ( IL-6 and IL-1β ) and M2 polarization-related genes ( IL-4 and Arg-1 ) in the Control, LEVs PKM2 , LEVs Tet−PKM2 , and LEVs Tet−PKM2 @TA groups (qRT‒PCR) ( n = 3). ( B ) Concentrations of M1-related cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α) and M2-related cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10) in the supernatants of the Control, LEVs PKM2 , LEVs Tet−PKM2 , and LEVs Tet−PKM2 @TA groups (ELISA) ( n = 3). ( C ) Representative immunofluorescence images and quantification of the expression levels of M1-related proteins (iNOS and CCR7) and M2-related proteins (CD163, CD206, and Arg-1) in the Control, LEVs PKM2 , LEVs Tet−PKM2 , and LEVs Tet−PKM2 @TA groups ( n = 3). The data are expressed as the mean ± SEM. Statistical analysis was performed with one-way ANOVA ( A , B , and C ). ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, and ∗∗∗ p < 0.001 indicate significant differences between the indicated columns.

Techniques Used: In Vitro, Control, Expressing, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Immunofluorescence

Concentration Assay:

Article Title: CLEC3A-Derived Antimicrobial Peptides Reduce Staphylococcus aureus Bacterial Counts in an In Vivo Biomaterial-Associated Infection Mouse Model.
Article Snippet: .. To measure the IL-6 concentration in the collected serum of infected mice, the mouse IL-6 ELISA Kit no. KE10007 from ChromoTek&Proteintech Germany (Planegg Martinsried, Germany) was used. ..

Article Title: CLEC3A-Derived Antimicrobial Peptides Reduce Staphylococcus aureus Bacterial Counts in an In Vivo Biomaterial-Associated Infection Mouse Model
Article Snippet: .. To measure the IL-6 concentration in the collected serum of infected mice, the mouse IL-6 ELISA Kit no. KE10007 from ChromoTek&Proteintech Germany (Planegg Martinsried, Germany) was used. ..

Infection:

Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay:

Article Title: Exploring the mechanism of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cell exosomes in respiratory syncytial virus infection based on miRNA sequencing.
Article Snippet: .. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analysis Interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-6, IL-12, and interferon γ(IFN-γ) levels of the supernatant were detected using enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) according to the manufacturer’s instructions (#KE10010, KE10007, KE10001, and KE10014, Proteintech). .. Scientific Reports | (2025) 15:13797 2| https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-98160-3 Realtime polymerase chain reaction The Trizol method was used to extract the exosomal RNA (15,596,026, Thermo Fischer Scientific, MA Waltham, USA).

Article Title: Patient-derived organoid xenografts model esophageal cancer cachexia and enable assessment of anti-inflammatory drug repositioning
Article Snippet: .. Mouse IL-6 ELISA Kit , Proteintech , Cat# KE10007. .. Human GDF-15 ELISA Kit , Proteintech , Cat# KE00108.

Article Title: Identification and validation of key PANoptosis-related genes via integrative machine learning and single-cell sequencing in AILI
Article Snippet: Mouse IL-1 beta ELISA Kit , Proteintech , Cat No. KE10147. .. Mouse IL-6 ELISA Kit , Proteintech , Cat No. KE10007. .. Mouse TNF-alpha ELISA Kit , Proteintech , Cat No. KE10002.

Article Title: Exploring the mechanism of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cell exosomes in respiratory syncytial virus infection based on miRNA sequencing
Article Snippet: .. Interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-6, IL-12, and interferon γ(IFN-γ) levels of the supernatant were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) according to the manufacturer’s instructions (#KE10010, KE10007, KE10001, and KE10014, Proteintech). .. The Trizol method was used to extract the exosomal RNA (15,596,026, Thermo Fischer Scientific, MA Waltham, USA).

Image Search Results

Journal: Bioactive Materials

Article Title: Bioengineered extracellular vesicles escape lysosomal degradation and deliver Tet-PKM2 for macrophage immunometabolic reprogramming and periodontitis treatment

doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2026.01.002

Figure Lengend Snippet: Immunomodulatory effects of the bioengineered LEVs Tet−PKM2 @TA in terms of their ability to modulate macrophage polarization in vitro . The macrophages were treated with 100 ng/mL LPS for 24 h and then treated with PBS (Control), 100 μg/mL LEVs PKM2 , LEVs Tet−PKM2 , or LEVs Tet−PKM2 @TA for another 24 h. ( A ) The relative mRNA expression levels of M1 polarization-related genes ( IL-6 and IL-1β ) and M2 polarization-related genes ( IL-4 and Arg-1 ) in the Control, LEVs PKM2 , LEVs Tet−PKM2 , and LEVs Tet−PKM2 @TA groups (qRT‒PCR) ( n = 3). ( B ) Concentrations of M1-related cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α) and M2-related cytokines (IL-4 and IL-10) in the supernatants of the Control, LEVs PKM2 , LEVs Tet−PKM2 , and LEVs Tet−PKM2 @TA groups (ELISA) ( n = 3). ( C ) Representative immunofluorescence images and quantification of the expression levels of M1-related proteins (iNOS and CCR7) and M2-related proteins (CD163, CD206, and Arg-1) in the Control, LEVs PKM2 , LEVs Tet−PKM2 , and LEVs Tet−PKM2 @TA groups ( n = 3). The data are expressed as the mean ± SEM. Statistical analysis was performed with one-way ANOVA ( A , B , and C ). ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, and ∗∗∗ p < 0.001 indicate significant differences between the indicated columns.

Article Snippet: Kits were sourced as follows: TNF-α, IL-4, and IL-10 from Fankew (Shanghai Kexing Trading Co., Ltd., China) and IL-6 from Proteintech.

Techniques: In Vitro, Control, Expressing, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Immunofluorescence

Pdk1 knockdown exacerbates AILI by promoting PANoptosis in vivo Mice were assigned to four groups: control, sh- NC , APAP, and sh- Pdk1 + APAP. (A) Schematic illustration of the experimental design. (B) Western blot analysis confirming efficient knockdown of PDK1 protein in liver tissues. (C) Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining of liver sections and quantification of hepatic necrotic areas. Scale bars, 100 μm; n = 5. (D–E) Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels. (F) Serum levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were measured by ELISA. (G) Western blot analysis and quantification of PANoptosis marker proteins in liver tissues. (H–K) Representative immunofluorescence staining of liver sections showing albumin (ALB, green) and PANoptosis marker proteins (ZBP1, p -MLKL, cleaved caspase-1, and cleaved caspase-3; red). Scale bars, 20 μm; n = 5. Data are presented as mean ± SD. One-way ANOVA with Tukey’s test and a two-tailed Student’s t test were used for statistical analysis. ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, ∗∗∗ p < 0.001.

Journal: iScience

Article Title: Identification and validation of key PANoptosis-related genes via integrative machine learning and single-cell sequencing in AILI

doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2026.115183

Figure Lengend Snippet: Pdk1 knockdown exacerbates AILI by promoting PANoptosis in vivo Mice were assigned to four groups: control, sh- NC , APAP, and sh- Pdk1 + APAP. (A) Schematic illustration of the experimental design. (B) Western blot analysis confirming efficient knockdown of PDK1 protein in liver tissues. (C) Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining of liver sections and quantification of hepatic necrotic areas. Scale bars, 100 μm; n = 5. (D–E) Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels. (F) Serum levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were measured by ELISA. (G) Western blot analysis and quantification of PANoptosis marker proteins in liver tissues. (H–K) Representative immunofluorescence staining of liver sections showing albumin (ALB, green) and PANoptosis marker proteins (ZBP1, p -MLKL, cleaved caspase-1, and cleaved caspase-3; red). Scale bars, 20 μm; n = 5. Data are presented as mean ± SD. One-way ANOVA with Tukey’s test and a two-tailed Student’s t test were used for statistical analysis. ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, ∗∗∗ p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: Mouse IL-6 ELISA Kit , Proteintech , Cat No. KE10007.

Techniques: Knockdown, In Vivo, Control, Western Blot, Staining, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Marker, Immunofluorescence, Two Tailed Test

A) PDAC tissues of vehicle and gemcitabine treated KPC mice, stained for Epcam and phosphorylated S6 show activation of mTOR signaling in Epcam + epithelial cells, as well as in adjacent Epcam - stromal cells in gemcitabine treated mice (left panel). Epcam - adjacent cells were positive for the fibroblast marker alpha-SMA (right panel). Representative images are shown (n =3 mice per group, scale bar = 100 µm). B) Scheme for the treatment of PSCs with supernatants of gemcitabine treated KPC cells (Gem-SU) supernatants of vehicle treated KPCs was used as control (Control-SU). C) Phospho-S6 staining of mPSCs treated with Control- or Gem-SU for 30 minutes. Cells were counterstained with Phalloidin, nuclei were counterstained with DAPI. Representative images are shown (n = 2 biological replicates, scale bar = 100 µm). D) Immunoblots of mPSC cells treated with Control- or Gem-SU for 30 min (n = 3 biological replicates). E) RNA-seq analysis of Control- or Gem-SU treated mPSCs. Heatmaps show differentially expressed iCAF- and myCAF related genes. Color codes indicate Z-scores of each condition (n=3 biological replicates). F and G) RT–qPCR analysis of the indicated genes in Control- and Gem-SU treated mPSCs (n = 3 (F) or 3 (G) biological replicates). H) Murine PSCs were treated with Control- and Gem-SU for 30 min and stained with an antibody against IL-6. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (scale bar = 100 µm, n= 3 biological replicates, quantification is shown in ). I) IL-6 concentrations in Control- and Gem-SU, measured by ELISA (n = 3 biological replicates). J) Human PSCs were treated with supernatants of vehicle- (Control-SU) or doxorubicin treated MIA PaCa-2 cells (Dox-SU) for 30 min and stained with an antibody against IL-6. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (scale bar = 100 µm, n= 3 biological replicates, quantification is shown in ). K) RT–qPCR analysis of IL-6 in human PSC cells treated for 24h with supernatants of vehicle (Control-SU) or doxorubicin treated (Dox-SU) MIA PaCa-2 cells (n = 3 biological replicates). L) IL-6 RT–qPCR analysis of mKPC treated with vehicle or gemcitabine in the presence or absence of the Mek-inhibitor U0126 (n = 3 biological replicates). M) Immunostaining against IL-6 in mPSCs treated with Control- or Gem-SU in the absence or presence of the Mek-inhibitor U0126 or the mTOR-inhibitor Rapamycin. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (scale bar = 100 µm, n= 3 biological replicates, quantification is shown in ). All data are mean ± s.d. and were analyzed by two-tailed Student’s t -test (F,G,I,K), or one-way ANOVA (L) with Tukey’s multiple comparison test (*p≤0.05; **p≤0.01; ***p≤0.0005; **** p≤0.0001; only p values ≤ 0.05 are shown). Illustration in (B) was created using BioRender.com .

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Tumor Cell Death Drives Tumor-Promoting IL-6⁺ iCAF formation via P2X7-activation

doi: 10.64898/2026.03.18.712671

Figure Lengend Snippet: A) PDAC tissues of vehicle and gemcitabine treated KPC mice, stained for Epcam and phosphorylated S6 show activation of mTOR signaling in Epcam + epithelial cells, as well as in adjacent Epcam - stromal cells in gemcitabine treated mice (left panel). Epcam - adjacent cells were positive for the fibroblast marker alpha-SMA (right panel). Representative images are shown (n =3 mice per group, scale bar = 100 µm). B) Scheme for the treatment of PSCs with supernatants of gemcitabine treated KPC cells (Gem-SU) supernatants of vehicle treated KPCs was used as control (Control-SU). C) Phospho-S6 staining of mPSCs treated with Control- or Gem-SU for 30 minutes. Cells were counterstained with Phalloidin, nuclei were counterstained with DAPI. Representative images are shown (n = 2 biological replicates, scale bar = 100 µm). D) Immunoblots of mPSC cells treated with Control- or Gem-SU for 30 min (n = 3 biological replicates). E) RNA-seq analysis of Control- or Gem-SU treated mPSCs. Heatmaps show differentially expressed iCAF- and myCAF related genes. Color codes indicate Z-scores of each condition (n=3 biological replicates). F and G) RT–qPCR analysis of the indicated genes in Control- and Gem-SU treated mPSCs (n = 3 (F) or 3 (G) biological replicates). H) Murine PSCs were treated with Control- and Gem-SU for 30 min and stained with an antibody against IL-6. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (scale bar = 100 µm, n= 3 biological replicates, quantification is shown in ). I) IL-6 concentrations in Control- and Gem-SU, measured by ELISA (n = 3 biological replicates). J) Human PSCs were treated with supernatants of vehicle- (Control-SU) or doxorubicin treated MIA PaCa-2 cells (Dox-SU) for 30 min and stained with an antibody against IL-6. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (scale bar = 100 µm, n= 3 biological replicates, quantification is shown in ). K) RT–qPCR analysis of IL-6 in human PSC cells treated for 24h with supernatants of vehicle (Control-SU) or doxorubicin treated (Dox-SU) MIA PaCa-2 cells (n = 3 biological replicates). L) IL-6 RT–qPCR analysis of mKPC treated with vehicle or gemcitabine in the presence or absence of the Mek-inhibitor U0126 (n = 3 biological replicates). M) Immunostaining against IL-6 in mPSCs treated with Control- or Gem-SU in the absence or presence of the Mek-inhibitor U0126 or the mTOR-inhibitor Rapamycin. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (scale bar = 100 µm, n= 3 biological replicates, quantification is shown in ). All data are mean ± s.d. and were analyzed by two-tailed Student’s t -test (F,G,I,K), or one-way ANOVA (L) with Tukey’s multiple comparison test (*p≤0.05; **p≤0.01; ***p≤0.0005; **** p≤0.0001; only p values ≤ 0.05 are shown). Illustration in (B) was created using BioRender.com .

Article Snippet: IL-6 concentration in PSC supernatants was determined using a commercial murine IL-6 ELISA kit (Proteintech, KE10007) as per the manufacturer’s instructions.

Techniques: Staining, Activation Assay, Marker, Control, Western Blot, RNA Sequencing, Quantitative RT-PCR, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Immunostaining, Two Tailed Test, Comparison

A) Bright field images of mKPCs 18h post 6h treatment with Gemcitabine (according to the scheme in ). B) CellTiter-Glo ® cell viability measurement on mPSC treated according to scheme in , with the indicated concentrations of gemcitabine. C) Immunoblots of mPSCs treated with 10 µM gemcitabine for the indicated timepoints (n = 2 biological replicates). D) Graph shows the quantification of the mean fluorescence intensity of IL-6 stainings described in ( pooled data of 3 biological replicates). E) Immunoblots of human PSC cells treated for 15 min with supernatants of vehicle (Control-SU) or doxorubicin treated (Dox-SU) MIA PaCa-2 cells (n = 3 biological replicates). F ) Graph shows the quantification of the mean fluorescence intensity of IL-6 stainings described in ( pooled data of 3 biological replicates). G ) Graph shows the quantification of the mean fluorescence intensity of IL-6 stainings described in ( pooled data of 3 biological replicates). All data are mean ± s.d. and were analyzed by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison test (****p≤ 0.0001; ns = not significant).

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Tumor Cell Death Drives Tumor-Promoting IL-6⁺ iCAF formation via P2X7-activation

doi: 10.64898/2026.03.18.712671

Figure Lengend Snippet: A) Bright field images of mKPCs 18h post 6h treatment with Gemcitabine (according to the scheme in ). B) CellTiter-Glo ® cell viability measurement on mPSC treated according to scheme in , with the indicated concentrations of gemcitabine. C) Immunoblots of mPSCs treated with 10 µM gemcitabine for the indicated timepoints (n = 2 biological replicates). D) Graph shows the quantification of the mean fluorescence intensity of IL-6 stainings described in ( pooled data of 3 biological replicates). E) Immunoblots of human PSC cells treated for 15 min with supernatants of vehicle (Control-SU) or doxorubicin treated (Dox-SU) MIA PaCa-2 cells (n = 3 biological replicates). F ) Graph shows the quantification of the mean fluorescence intensity of IL-6 stainings described in ( pooled data of 3 biological replicates). G ) Graph shows the quantification of the mean fluorescence intensity of IL-6 stainings described in ( pooled data of 3 biological replicates). All data are mean ± s.d. and were analyzed by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison test (****p≤ 0.0001; ns = not significant).

Article Snippet: IL-6 concentration in PSC supernatants was determined using a commercial murine IL-6 ELISA kit (Proteintech, KE10007) as per the manufacturer’s instructions.

Techniques: Western Blot, Fluorescence, Control, Comparison

A) ATP level in supernatants of gemcitabine treated mKPCs (n = 3 biological replicates). B) Immunoblots of mPSC cells treated with indicated concentrations of ATP for 15 min (n = 3 biological replicates). C) IL-6 RTqPCR analysis of mPSCS treated with 10 µM ATP for 24 hrs. D) Immunoblots of mPSC cells treated with Control-SU, Gem-SU or Gem-SU pre-treated with Apyrase (n = 3 biological replicates). E) RT–qPCR analysis of the indicated genes in mPSCs (n= 2 biological replicates). F) RT-qPCR analysis of IL-6 expression in mPSCs treated for 24h with Control-SU or Gem-SU in the absence or presence of PPADS. H) IL-6 immunostaining of mPSCs treated with Control- or Gem-SU in the absence or presence of P2R-inihibitor PPADS. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (scale bar = 100 µm, n= 3 biological replicates, quantification is shown in ). H) Immunoblots of mPSC cells treated with Control- or Gem-SU in the absence or presence of the P2-inhibitor PPADS (n = 3 biological replicates). I) Immunoblots of mPSC cells treated with Control- or Gem-SU in the absence or presence of the inhibitors against P2X (PPADS), P2X7 (A430879), P2X4 (BAY-1797) (n = 3 biological replicates). J) IL-6 immunostaining of mPSCs treated with Control- or Gem-SU in the absence or presence of inhibitors against P2X7 (A430879) and P2X4 (BAY-1797) (scale bar = 100 µm, n= 3 biological replicates, quantification is shown in ). All data are mean ± s.d. and were analyzed by two-tailed Student’s t -test (C) or one-way ANOVA (A, F) with Tukey’s multiple comparison test (*p≤0.05; **p≤0.01; ***p≤0.0005; **** p≤0.0001; only p values ≤ 0.05 are shown).

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Tumor Cell Death Drives Tumor-Promoting IL-6⁺ iCAF formation via P2X7-activation

doi: 10.64898/2026.03.18.712671

Figure Lengend Snippet: A) ATP level in supernatants of gemcitabine treated mKPCs (n = 3 biological replicates). B) Immunoblots of mPSC cells treated with indicated concentrations of ATP for 15 min (n = 3 biological replicates). C) IL-6 RTqPCR analysis of mPSCS treated with 10 µM ATP for 24 hrs. D) Immunoblots of mPSC cells treated with Control-SU, Gem-SU or Gem-SU pre-treated with Apyrase (n = 3 biological replicates). E) RT–qPCR analysis of the indicated genes in mPSCs (n= 2 biological replicates). F) RT-qPCR analysis of IL-6 expression in mPSCs treated for 24h with Control-SU or Gem-SU in the absence or presence of PPADS. H) IL-6 immunostaining of mPSCs treated with Control- or Gem-SU in the absence or presence of P2R-inihibitor PPADS. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (scale bar = 100 µm, n= 3 biological replicates, quantification is shown in ). H) Immunoblots of mPSC cells treated with Control- or Gem-SU in the absence or presence of the P2-inhibitor PPADS (n = 3 biological replicates). I) Immunoblots of mPSC cells treated with Control- or Gem-SU in the absence or presence of the inhibitors against P2X (PPADS), P2X7 (A430879), P2X4 (BAY-1797) (n = 3 biological replicates). J) IL-6 immunostaining of mPSCs treated with Control- or Gem-SU in the absence or presence of inhibitors against P2X7 (A430879) and P2X4 (BAY-1797) (scale bar = 100 µm, n= 3 biological replicates, quantification is shown in ). All data are mean ± s.d. and were analyzed by two-tailed Student’s t -test (C) or one-way ANOVA (A, F) with Tukey’s multiple comparison test (*p≤0.05; **p≤0.01; ***p≤0.0005; **** p≤0.0001; only p values ≤ 0.05 are shown).

Article Snippet: IL-6 concentration in PSC supernatants was determined using a commercial murine IL-6 ELISA kit (Proteintech, KE10007) as per the manufacturer’s instructions.

Techniques: Western Blot, Control, Quantitative RT-PCR, Expressing, Immunostaining, Two Tailed Test, Comparison

A) RNA-seq analysis of Control- or Gem-SU treated mPSCs. Heatmaps show differentially expressed genes related to activation of purinergic signaling. Color codes indicate Z-scores of each condition (n=3 mice per group). B) Graph shows the quantification of the mean fluorescence intensity of IL-6 stainings described in ( pooled data of 3 biological replicates). C ) Graph shows the quantification of the mean fluorescence intensity of IL-6 stainings described in (pooled data of 3 biological replicates). D ) Immunoblots of human PSC cells treated for 15 min with supernatants of vehicle (Control-SU) or doxorubicin treated (Dox-SU) MIA PaCa-2 cells. Where indicated the medium was supplemented with A438079 (n = 3 biological replicates). E) IL-6 immunostaining of hPSCs treated with Control- or Dox-SU in the absence or presence of PPADS or A430879 (scale bar = 100 µm, n= 3 biological replicates). Graph shows the quantification of the IL-6-immunofluorescence. F) RT–qPCR analysis of the indicated genes in mPSCs treated for 24h with Control-SU or Gem-SU in the absence or presence of the P2X7-inhibtitor A430879 (n = 2 biological replicates). All data are mean ± s.d. and were analyzed by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison test (*p≤0.05; **p≤0.01; ***p≤0.0005; **** p≤0.0001; ns = not significant).

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Tumor Cell Death Drives Tumor-Promoting IL-6⁺ iCAF formation via P2X7-activation

doi: 10.64898/2026.03.18.712671

Figure Lengend Snippet: A) RNA-seq analysis of Control- or Gem-SU treated mPSCs. Heatmaps show differentially expressed genes related to activation of purinergic signaling. Color codes indicate Z-scores of each condition (n=3 mice per group). B) Graph shows the quantification of the mean fluorescence intensity of IL-6 stainings described in ( pooled data of 3 biological replicates). C ) Graph shows the quantification of the mean fluorescence intensity of IL-6 stainings described in (pooled data of 3 biological replicates). D ) Immunoblots of human PSC cells treated for 15 min with supernatants of vehicle (Control-SU) or doxorubicin treated (Dox-SU) MIA PaCa-2 cells. Where indicated the medium was supplemented with A438079 (n = 3 biological replicates). E) IL-6 immunostaining of hPSCs treated with Control- or Dox-SU in the absence or presence of PPADS or A430879 (scale bar = 100 µm, n= 3 biological replicates). Graph shows the quantification of the IL-6-immunofluorescence. F) RT–qPCR analysis of the indicated genes in mPSCs treated for 24h with Control-SU or Gem-SU in the absence or presence of the P2X7-inhibtitor A430879 (n = 2 biological replicates). All data are mean ± s.d. and were analyzed by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparison test (*p≤0.05; **p≤0.01; ***p≤0.0005; **** p≤0.0001; ns = not significant).

Article Snippet: IL-6 concentration in PSC supernatants was determined using a commercial murine IL-6 ELISA kit (Proteintech, KE10007) as per the manufacturer’s instructions.

Techniques: RNA Sequencing, Control, Activation Assay, Fluorescence, Western Blot, Immunostaining, Immunofluorescence, Quantitative RT-PCR, Comparison

A) RNA-seq analysis of Control-SU- or Gem-SU treated mPSCs. Heatmaps show differentially expressed genes related to immunosuppression. Color codes indicate Z-scores of each condition (n=3 biological replicates). B) Scheme for the set-up of the T cell killing assay in the presence of Control-PSC-SU or Gem-PSC-SU. C) . Representative images of T-cell/MC38 co-cultures in control T cell medium, Control-PSC-SU or Gem-PSC-SU. Graph shows percentage of killed tumor cells normalized to the number of tumor cells at the start of the experiment (scale bar = 50 µm, n= 3 biological replicates). D) Time course analysis of T cell mediated tumor cell killing described in(C). E) Representative images and quantification of the area of T cells of the experiment described in (C) (scale bar = 10 µM). F) Time course analysis of T cell growth described in(C). G) Flow cytometry analysis for the indicated markers of T cells cultured in Control-PSC-SU- or Gem-PSC-SU for 27 hrs. Where indicated the cultured was supplemented with the IL-6 receptor antagonist LMT-28. All data are mean ± s.d. and were analyzed by one-way ANOVA for multiple comparison for the tumor killing and an unpaired t test for the T cell area. (*p≤0.05; **p≤0.01; ***p≤0.0005; **** p≤0.0001; only p values ≤ 0.05 are shown). Illustration in B was created using BioRender.com .

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Tumor Cell Death Drives Tumor-Promoting IL-6⁺ iCAF formation via P2X7-activation

doi: 10.64898/2026.03.18.712671

Figure Lengend Snippet: A) RNA-seq analysis of Control-SU- or Gem-SU treated mPSCs. Heatmaps show differentially expressed genes related to immunosuppression. Color codes indicate Z-scores of each condition (n=3 biological replicates). B) Scheme for the set-up of the T cell killing assay in the presence of Control-PSC-SU or Gem-PSC-SU. C) . Representative images of T-cell/MC38 co-cultures in control T cell medium, Control-PSC-SU or Gem-PSC-SU. Graph shows percentage of killed tumor cells normalized to the number of tumor cells at the start of the experiment (scale bar = 50 µm, n= 3 biological replicates). D) Time course analysis of T cell mediated tumor cell killing described in(C). E) Representative images and quantification of the area of T cells of the experiment described in (C) (scale bar = 10 µM). F) Time course analysis of T cell growth described in(C). G) Flow cytometry analysis for the indicated markers of T cells cultured in Control-PSC-SU- or Gem-PSC-SU for 27 hrs. Where indicated the cultured was supplemented with the IL-6 receptor antagonist LMT-28. All data are mean ± s.d. and were analyzed by one-way ANOVA for multiple comparison for the tumor killing and an unpaired t test for the T cell area. (*p≤0.05; **p≤0.01; ***p≤0.0005; **** p≤0.0001; only p values ≤ 0.05 are shown). Illustration in B was created using BioRender.com .

Article Snippet: IL-6 concentration in PSC supernatants was determined using a commercial murine IL-6 ELISA kit (Proteintech, KE10007) as per the manufacturer’s instructions.

Techniques: RNA Sequencing, Control, Flow Cytometry, Cell Culture, Comparison

A) Scheme of subcutaneous PDAC tumor model used in this study. B) Immunostaining of subcutaneous tumor tissue section against Epcam and Col1a1 (staining was performed on tumor tissues of 3 independent mice). C) IL-6 immunostaining on subcutaneous PDAC tumors 24h post treatment with vehicle, A43087, gemcitabine or a combination of gemcitabine with A430879. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (scale bar = 100 µm, n = 5 mice per group). Graph shows quantification of the Il-6 immunofluorescence staining. D) Treatment regimen of subcutaneous PDAC tumors analyzed in (E) and (F). E) Growth rate of subcutaneous tumors in response to treatment as indicated in ( D ) (n = 7 mice for each group). F) Immunostaining of Ki67 in subcutaneous tumors of vehicle treated mice described in (E) (n = 4 independent mice per group, quantification is shown in ). G) Schematic of how dying cells induce IL-6 expression in PSCs to promote tumor cell growth and inhibit anti-tumor immunity. All data are mean ± s.d. and were analyzed by one-way (C) or two-way ANOVA (E) with Tukey’s multiple comparison test (*p≤0.05; **p≤0.01; ****p≤0.0001; only p values ≤ 0.05 are shown).

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Tumor Cell Death Drives Tumor-Promoting IL-6⁺ iCAF formation via P2X7-activation

doi: 10.64898/2026.03.18.712671

Figure Lengend Snippet: A) Scheme of subcutaneous PDAC tumor model used in this study. B) Immunostaining of subcutaneous tumor tissue section against Epcam and Col1a1 (staining was performed on tumor tissues of 3 independent mice). C) IL-6 immunostaining on subcutaneous PDAC tumors 24h post treatment with vehicle, A43087, gemcitabine or a combination of gemcitabine with A430879. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (scale bar = 100 µm, n = 5 mice per group). Graph shows quantification of the Il-6 immunofluorescence staining. D) Treatment regimen of subcutaneous PDAC tumors analyzed in (E) and (F). E) Growth rate of subcutaneous tumors in response to treatment as indicated in ( D ) (n = 7 mice for each group). F) Immunostaining of Ki67 in subcutaneous tumors of vehicle treated mice described in (E) (n = 4 independent mice per group, quantification is shown in ). G) Schematic of how dying cells induce IL-6 expression in PSCs to promote tumor cell growth and inhibit anti-tumor immunity. All data are mean ± s.d. and were analyzed by one-way (C) or two-way ANOVA (E) with Tukey’s multiple comparison test (*p≤0.05; **p≤0.01; ****p≤0.0001; only p values ≤ 0.05 are shown).

Article Snippet: IL-6 concentration in PSC supernatants was determined using a commercial murine IL-6 ELISA kit (Proteintech, KE10007) as per the manufacturer’s instructions.

Techniques: Immunostaining, Staining, Immunofluorescence, Expressing, Comparison

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