gck  (Proteintech)

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: An enzymatic–metabolic sensing axis in taste cells detects glucose-yielding carbohydrates

doi: 10.64898/2026.03.13.710876

Figure Lengend Snippet: a Schematic of Gck virogenetic shRNA or control shRNA silencing surgery in the major taste fields of the tongue. b Schematic of brief access taste test of maltose and sucrose in lickometer. c Mean (±SEM) lick score of 0.316M, 0.56M, 1.1M maltose and sucrose in control (n=11) and GCK KD (n=12) TRPM5+. d Mean lick scores averaged across concentration for control and GCK KD TRPM5+ (11-12/group). e Mean (±SEM) 0.316M, 0.56M, 1.1M maltose and sucrose in control (n=10) and GCK KD (n=11) TRPM5-. f Mean lick scores averaged across concentration for control and GCK KD TRPM5- (10-11/group). g Mean relative transcript expression of Mgam for B6 (n=8), TRPM5+ (n=8) and TRPM5- (n=9). h Mean (±SEM) relative MGAM transcript for B6 sugar naïve (n=2), glucose experience (n=5), fructose experience (n=6), or glucose + fructose experience(n=5). (*:p<0.05, **:p<0.01,***:p<0.001,****:p<0.0001). All tests were conducted in the Davis Rig. Statistical Analysis are in Supplementary Table 3.

Article Snippet: Briefly, mice were anesthetized with isoflurane (5% induction rate; 2-3% maintenance rate, as needed) to receive a scrambled sequence shRNA (Control, sc-108080, Santa Cruz Biotechnology), GCK shRNA (sc-35459-V, Santa Cruz Biotechnology), or Maltase-Glucoamylase shRNA (m) (sc-75741-V, Santa Cruz Biotechnology).

Techniques: shRNA, Control, Concentration Assay, Expressing

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: An enzymatic–metabolic sensing axis in taste cells detects glucose-yielding carbohydrates

doi: 10.64898/2026.03.13.710876

Figure Lengend Snippet: a Schematic of control and Mgam virogenetic shRNA silencing surgery in the major taste fields of the tongue. b Mean relative transcript expression of Mgam, Gck, and Tas1r3 in control (n= 4) and MGAM KD (n=4) in TRPM5+ mice c Schematic of burst structure (period of continuous licks separated by <1s) and time frame d Schematic of 300 lick test of 0.6M maltose in lickometer. e Schematical graph showing relationship between burst size and hedonic value. f Mean (±SEM) burst size, burst number, total licks for 300 lick test in control (n=3) and MGAM KD (n=3) in TRPM5+ mice (*:p<0.05). All tests were conducted in the gustometer. Statistical Analysis are in .

Article Snippet: Briefly, mice were anesthetized with isoflurane (5% induction rate; 2-3% maintenance rate, as needed) to receive a scrambled sequence shRNA (Control, sc-108080, Santa Cruz Biotechnology), GCK shRNA (sc-35459-V, Santa Cruz Biotechnology), or Maltase-Glucoamylase shRNA (m) (sc-75741-V, Santa Cruz Biotechnology).

Techniques: Control, shRNA, Expressing

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: An enzymatic–metabolic sensing axis in taste cells detects glucose-yielding carbohydrates

doi: 10.64898/2026.03.13.710876

Figure Lengend Snippet: a Schematic depicting T1R2+T1R3 sweet receptor transgenic knockout mouse. b Mean transcript expression of Gck and Mgam for sugar naive (n=4) and sugar exposed (n=4) T1RKO. c Schematic of control and Mgam virogenetic shRNA silencing surgery in the major taste fields of the tongue. d Schematic of brief access taste test of maltose and sucrose in lickometer. e Block 1 mean (±SEM) lick scores for 0.316M, 0.56M, 1.1M maltose and sucrose in control (n=5) and MGAM KD (n=5) T1RKO. f Mean lick scores averaged across concentration for control and MGAM KD for first block (5/group). g Schematic of brief access taste test of glucose and fructose in lickometer. h First block mean (±SEM) lick scores for 0.316M, 0.56M, 1.1M glucose and fructose in control (n=6) and MGAM KD (n=5) T1RKO. i First block glucose and fructose mean lick scores averaged across concentration for control (n=6) and MGAM KD (n=5) T1RKO. All tests were conducted in the Davis Rig. (*:p<0.05, **:p<0.01, ***:p<0.001, ****:p<0.0001). Statistical Analysis are in Supplementary Table 7.

Article Snippet: Briefly, mice were anesthetized with isoflurane (5% induction rate; 2-3% maintenance rate, as needed) to receive a scrambled sequence shRNA (Control, sc-108080, Santa Cruz Biotechnology), GCK shRNA (sc-35459-V, Santa Cruz Biotechnology), or Maltase-Glucoamylase shRNA (m) (sc-75741-V, Santa Cruz Biotechnology).

Techniques: Transgenic Assay, Knock-Out, Expressing, Control, shRNA, Blocking Assay, Concentration Assay

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: An enzymatic–metabolic sensing axis in taste cells detects glucose-yielding carbohydrates

doi: 10.64898/2026.03.13.710876

Figure Lengend Snippet: a Schematic showing control, Gck, and Mgam virogenetic shRNA silencing surgery in the major taste fields of the tongue. b Schematic of 1000 lick test of mixed nutrient solution (Peptamen) in lickometer for pre-surgery and post-surgery. c Mean total licks for 1000 lick test in control, GCK KD, MGAM KD pre-test vs post-test. d Mean meal duration for 1000 lick test in control, GCK KD, MGAM KD pre-test vs post-test. e Mean burst size for 1000 lick test in control, GCK KD, MGAM KD pre-test vs post-test. f Mean burst number for 1000 lick test in control, GCK KD, MGAM KD pre-test vs post-test. g Mean (±SEM) cumulative first 15 burst size for 1000 lick test in control, GCK KD, MGAM KD pre-test vs post-test. (n=12/group for all tests) (*:p<0.05, **:p<0.01, ***:p<0.001, ****:p<0.0001). All tests were conducted in the gustometer. Statistical Analysis are in Supplementary Table 8.

Article Snippet: Briefly, mice were anesthetized with isoflurane (5% induction rate; 2-3% maintenance rate, as needed) to receive a scrambled sequence shRNA (Control, sc-108080, Santa Cruz Biotechnology), GCK shRNA (sc-35459-V, Santa Cruz Biotechnology), or Maltase-Glucoamylase shRNA (m) (sc-75741-V, Santa Cruz Biotechnology).

Techniques: Control, shRNA

Journal: Frontiers in Immunology

Article Title: Gomphus floccosus (Schw.) Sing. extract attenuates alcoholic liver disease by suppressing macrophage glycolysis and M1 polarization

doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1772592

Figure Lengend Snippet: Gf extract regulates the expression of key glycolytic enzymes and metabolites. (A-C) The contents of pyruvate, lactate (LD) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in liver tissues. (D-L) The relative mRNA expression of Gck , Acss2 , Pck1 , Pck2 , Pgm2 , Glut1 , Pkm2 , Hk2 and Ldha in liver tissues were detected by RT-qPCR (n = 5). (M, N) The protein expression of PKM2, GCK, HK2, GLUT1 and LDHA in liver tissues were detected by western blot (n = 3). (O-S) Quantitative assessment of PKM2, GCK, HK2, GLUT1 and LDHA protein levels (n = 3). Data are presented as mean ± SD. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01.

Article Snippet: The membranes were blocked and primed in a five-minute step before being probed with key target antibodies—GLUT1, GCK, HK2, LDHA (66290-1-Ig, 67216-1-Ig, 66974-1-Ig, 19987-1-AP, Proteintech, China), PKM2, iNOS, and Arg-1—as well as loading controls (GAPDH and Tubulin)(AF2823, AF2839, Beyotime, China).

Techniques: Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR, Western Blot

Journal: Frontiers in Immunology

Article Title: Gomphus floccosus (Schw.) Sing. extract attenuates alcoholic liver disease by suppressing macrophage glycolysis and M1 polarization

doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1772592

Figure Lengend Snippet: Gf extract reprograms metabolism in RAW264.7 macrophages by suppressing glycolysis and enhancing oxidative phosphorylation. (A-D) Glycolytic kinetic parameters in RAW264.7 cells: glycoPER Kinetic Graph, basal and compensatory glycolysis levels, and the % PER from Glycolysis (Basal) (n = 8). (E-H) Mitochondrial respiratory parameters: basal respiration, ATP-Production coupled respiration, and maximal respiration (n = 8). (I, J) The content of lactate (LD) and pyruvate in the cell culture supernatant (n = 8). (K-O) The relative mRNA expression of Pkm2 , Gck , Hk2 , Glut1 , and Ldha in RAW264.7 cells were detected by RT-qPCR (n = 5). (Q, R, P, S-V) The protein levels of PKM2, GCK, HK2, GLUT1, and LDHA were detected by Western blot and quantitative analysis (n = 3). Data are presented as mean ± SD. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01.

Article Snippet: The membranes were blocked and primed in a five-minute step before being probed with key target antibodies—GLUT1, GCK, HK2, LDHA (66290-1-Ig, 67216-1-Ig, 66974-1-Ig, 19987-1-AP, Proteintech, China), PKM2, iNOS, and Arg-1—as well as loading controls (GAPDH and Tubulin)(AF2823, AF2839, Beyotime, China).

Techniques: Phospho-proteomics, Cell Culture, Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR, Western Blot

Journal: Frontiers in Immunology

Article Title: Gomphus floccosus (Schw.) Sing. extract attenuates alcoholic liver disease by suppressing macrophage glycolysis and M1 polarization

doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1772592

Figure Lengend Snippet: Gf extract reprograms metabolism in human THP-1 macrophages by suppressing glycolysis and enhancing oxidative phosphorylation. (A-D) Glycolytic kinetic parameters in THP-1 cells: glycoPER Kinetic Graph, basal and compensatory glycolysis levels, and the % PER from Glycolysis (Basal) (n = 8). (E-H) Mitochondrial respiratory parameters: basal respiration, ATP-Production coupled respiration, and maximal respiration (n = 8). (I, J) The content of lactate (LD) and pyruvate in the cell culture supernatant (n = 8). (K-O) The relative mRNA expression of Pkm2 , Gck , Hk2 , Glut1 , and Ldha in THP-1 cells were detected by RT-qPCR (n = 5). (Q, R, P, S-V) The protein levels of PKM2, GCK, HK2, GLUT1, and LDHA were detected by Western blot and quantitative analysis (n = 3). Data are presented as mean ± SD. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01.

Article Snippet: The membranes were blocked and primed in a five-minute step before being probed with key target antibodies—GLUT1, GCK, HK2, LDHA (66290-1-Ig, 67216-1-Ig, 66974-1-Ig, 19987-1-AP, Proteintech, China), PKM2, iNOS, and Arg-1—as well as loading controls (GAPDH and Tubulin)(AF2823, AF2839, Beyotime, China).

Techniques: Phospho-proteomics, Cell Culture, Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR, Western Blot