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anti gapdh antibody  (Proteintech)


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    Proteintech anti gapdh antibody
    Fstl1 enhances the osteogenic differentiation potential of MC3T3-E1 cells. (A) Representative alkaline-phosphatase (ALP) staining at 7 d. (B) Quantitative ALP activity. (C) Representative Alizarin Red S (ARS) staining at 14 d. (D) Quantification of ARS absorbance (OD 562 ). (E-H) Relative mRNA expression <t>of</t> <t>Runx2,</t> Sp7, Ocn, and Opn at 14 d determined by RT-qPCR. (I) Western-blot bands for RUNX2 and SP7. (J and K) Densitometric ratios of <t>RUNX2/GAPDH</t> and SP7/GAPDH. Sample sizes: con ( n = 3), OE-Fstl1 ( n = 3), and sh-Fstl1 ( n = 3). Data are presented as mean ± SD; inter-group comparisons were performed using 1-way ANOVA. * p < .05, ** p < .01, *** p < .001, **** p < .0001; ns, not significant.
    Anti Gapdh Antibody, supplied by Proteintech, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 93/100, based on 28 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/fstl1/FSTL1+Antibody/pmc13050501-80-13-21
    Average 93 stars, based on 28 article reviews
    anti gapdh antibody - by Bioz Stars, 2026-09
    93/100 stars

    Images

    1) Product Images from "Follistatin-like protein 1 (FSTL1) modulates bone remodeling and attenuates bone loss in a mouse model of postmenopausal osteoporosis"

    Article Title: Follistatin-like protein 1 (FSTL1) modulates bone remodeling and attenuates bone loss in a mouse model of postmenopausal osteoporosis

    Journal: JBMR Plus

    doi: 10.1093/jbmrpl/ziag037

    Fstl1 enhances the osteogenic differentiation potential of MC3T3-E1 cells. (A) Representative alkaline-phosphatase (ALP) staining at 7 d. (B) Quantitative ALP activity. (C) Representative Alizarin Red S (ARS) staining at 14 d. (D) Quantification of ARS absorbance (OD 562 ). (E-H) Relative mRNA expression of Runx2, Sp7, Ocn, and Opn at 14 d determined by RT-qPCR. (I) Western-blot bands for RUNX2 and SP7. (J and K) Densitometric ratios of RUNX2/GAPDH and SP7/GAPDH. Sample sizes: con ( n = 3), OE-Fstl1 ( n = 3), and sh-Fstl1 ( n = 3). Data are presented as mean ± SD; inter-group comparisons were performed using 1-way ANOVA. * p < .05, ** p < .01, *** p < .001, **** p < .0001; ns, not significant.
    Figure Legend Snippet: Fstl1 enhances the osteogenic differentiation potential of MC3T3-E1 cells. (A) Representative alkaline-phosphatase (ALP) staining at 7 d. (B) Quantitative ALP activity. (C) Representative Alizarin Red S (ARS) staining at 14 d. (D) Quantification of ARS absorbance (OD 562 ). (E-H) Relative mRNA expression of Runx2, Sp7, Ocn, and Opn at 14 d determined by RT-qPCR. (I) Western-blot bands for RUNX2 and SP7. (J and K) Densitometric ratios of RUNX2/GAPDH and SP7/GAPDH. Sample sizes: con ( n = 3), OE-Fstl1 ( n = 3), and sh-Fstl1 ( n = 3). Data are presented as mean ± SD; inter-group comparisons were performed using 1-way ANOVA. * p < .05, ** p < .01, *** p < .001, **** p < .0001; ns, not significant.

    Techniques Used: Staining, Activity Assay, Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR, Western Blot

    Fstl1 suppresses the osteoclast-differentiation activity of BMMs. (A) TRAP staining showing TRAP + multinucleated osteoclast morphology in each group. (B) Quantitative analysis of TRAP + osteoclast numbers. (C) Dual staining of F-actin rings (green) and DAPI (blue) illustrating the resorptive synapse structure of mature osteoclasts. (D) Average number of nuclei per TRAP + osteoclast. (E and F) Representative images of resorption pits on an osteoassay surface from each group and quantification of the total resorbed area per well (percentage of surface area). (G-J) Relative mRNA expression of Ctsk, Nfatc1, c-Fos, and Trap determined by RT-qPCR. (K) Western-blot bands for CTSK and NFATc1. (L and M) Densitometric ratios of NFATc1/GAPDH and CTSK/GAPDH. Sample sizes: con ( n = 3), OE-Fstl1 ( n = 3), and sh-Fstl1 ( n = 3). Data are presented as mean ± SD; inter-group comparisons were performed with 1-way ANOVA. * p < .05, ** p < .01, *** p < .001, **** p < .0001; ns, not significant.
    Figure Legend Snippet: Fstl1 suppresses the osteoclast-differentiation activity of BMMs. (A) TRAP staining showing TRAP + multinucleated osteoclast morphology in each group. (B) Quantitative analysis of TRAP + osteoclast numbers. (C) Dual staining of F-actin rings (green) and DAPI (blue) illustrating the resorptive synapse structure of mature osteoclasts. (D) Average number of nuclei per TRAP + osteoclast. (E and F) Representative images of resorption pits on an osteoassay surface from each group and quantification of the total resorbed area per well (percentage of surface area). (G-J) Relative mRNA expression of Ctsk, Nfatc1, c-Fos, and Trap determined by RT-qPCR. (K) Western-blot bands for CTSK and NFATc1. (L and M) Densitometric ratios of NFATc1/GAPDH and CTSK/GAPDH. Sample sizes: con ( n = 3), OE-Fstl1 ( n = 3), and sh-Fstl1 ( n = 3). Data are presented as mean ± SD; inter-group comparisons were performed with 1-way ANOVA. * p < .05, ** p < .01, *** p < .001, **** p < .0001; ns, not significant.

    Techniques Used: Activity Assay, Staining, Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR, Western Blot

    Related Articles

    Incubation:

    Article Title: Activating the Osteoblastic USP26 Pathway Alleviates Multi-Organ Fibrosis by Decreasing Insulin Resistance.
    Article Snippet: .. Primary antibodies, including FSTL1 (20182-1-AP, Proteintech), OCN(ab93876, Abcam), and KSRP (ab150393, Abcam), were diluted and applied to sections, followed by overnight incubation at 4◦C in a humidified chamber. ..

    Article Title: Quercetin ameliorates epithelial-mesenchymal transition and inflammation by targeting FSTL1 and modulating the NF-κB pathway in pulmonary fibrosis
    Article Snippet: A549 or BEAS-2B cells were inoculated in six-well plates and fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 20 min. Paraffin sections were then subjected to dewaxing and antigen repair treatment, followed by infiltration of 0.5% Triton X-100 (9002-93-1, Coolaber, Beijing, China) for 5 min and then closed with 2% bovine serum albumin (BSA) (A8020, Solarbio, Beijing, China) for 45 min. .. The cells were then incubated with FSTL1 (1:1600 dilution, 20182-1-AP, Proteintech, Wuhan, China) and α-SMA primary antibody (1:400 dilution, 67735-1-Ig, Proteintech, Wuhan, China) at 4°C overnight. .. After washing the cells or sections with PBS for 5 min, which was performed three times to remove unbound antibodies, the cells were incubated with CoraLite ® Plus 488-labeled goat anti-rabbit secondary antibody (RGAR002, Proteintech, Wuhan, China) and CoraLite ® Plus 594-labeled goat anti-mouse secondary antibody (RGAM004, Proteintech, Wuhan, China) were incubated at room temperature for 1 h. The nuclei were finally stained with DAPI dye (C1005, Beyotime Biotechnology, Shanghai, China) and finally stained with anti-fade sealer.

    Article Title: Denosumab attenuates knee osteoarthritis progression by inhibiting synovial inflammation via the RANK/TRAF6/FSTL1 signalling
    Article Snippet: .. The membrane was then incubated overnight at 4 °C with the following primary antibodies against the following proteins: RANK (1:1,000, Abclonal, A13382), RANKL (1:1,000, Proteintech, 23408-1-AP), MMP-13 (1:1,000, Proteintech, 18165-1-AP), ADAMTS-5 (1:1,000, Boster, A02802-1), Col2a1 (1:1,000, Bioss, bs-0709R), Col10a1 (1:1,000, Abcam, ab182563), TNF-α (1:1,000, Abclonal, A11534), IL-1β (1:1,000, Affinity Biosciences, AF5103), CD86 (1:1,000, Proteintech, 13395-1-AP), Arg1 (1:1,000, Affinity Biosciences, DF6657), FSTL1 (1:1,000, Proteintech, 20182-1-AP), TRAF6 (1:1,000, Santa Cruz, sc8409), IκB-α (1:2,000, Proteintech, 10268-1-AP), p-IκB-α (1:1000, CST, 2859 T), p-65 (1:1,000, Proteintech, 10745-1-AP), p-50 (1:1,000, Proteintech, 14220-1-AP) and H3 (1:1,000, ab32356, Abcam); GAPDH (1:3,000, Proteintech, 60004-1-Ig) was used as the internal reference. ..

    Article Title: Activating the Osteoblastic USP26 Pathway Alleviates Multi‐Organ Fibrosis by Decreasing Insulin Resistance
    Article Snippet: .. Primary antibodies, including FSTL1 (20182‐1‐AP, Proteintech), OCN(ab93876, Abcam), and KSRP (ab150393, Abcam), were diluted and applied to sections, followed by overnight incubation at 4°C in a humidified chamber. ..

    Article Title: Denosumab attenuates knee osteoarthritis progression by inhibiting synovial inflammation via the RANK/TRAF6/FSTL1 signalling.
    Article Snippet: .. The membrane was then incubated overnight at 4°C with the following primary antibodies against the following proteins: RANK (1:1,000, Abclonal, A13382), RANKL (1:1,000, Proteintech, 23408-1-AP), MMP13 (1:1,000, Proteintech, 18165-1-AP), ADAMTS-5 (1:1,000, Boster, A02802-1), Col2a1 (1:1,000, Bioss, bs-0709R), Col10a1 (1:1,000, Abcam, ab182563), TNF-α (1:1,000, Abclonal, A11534), IL-1β (1:1,000, Affinity Biosciences, AF5103), CD86 (1:1,000, Proteintech, 13395-1-AP), Arg1 (1:1,000, Affinity Biosciences, DF6657), FSTL1 (1:1,000, Proteintech, 20182-1-AP), TRAF6 (1:1,000, Santa Cruz, sc8409), AR TI CL E IN P RE SS ARTICLE IN PRESS IκB-α (1:2,000, Proteintech, 10268-1-AP), p-IκB-α (1:1000, CST, 2859T), p-65 (1:1,000, Proteintech, 10745-1-AP), p-50 (1:1,000, Proteintech, 14220-1-AP) and H3 (1:1,000, ab32356, Abcam); GAPDH (1:3,000, Proteintech, 60004-1-Ig) was used as the internal reference. ..

    other:

    Article Title: FSTL1 Can Be a Promising Target in TMJ Osteoarthritis via Regulating Chondrocyte Mitophagy and Apoptosis
    Article Snippet: The used antibodies were as followed, FSTL1 (1:200, Proteintech), ACAN (1:200, Proteintech), COL2A1(1:200, Millipore), and MMP13 (1:200, Abclonal).

    Blocking Assay:

    Article Title: Activating the Osteoblastic USP26 Pathway Alleviates Multi‐Organ Fibrosis by Decreasing Insulin Resistance
    Article Snippet: Separate samples containing 10 μg total protein by SDS‐PAGE on 10% gels and transfer to PVDF membranes (EMD Millipore Corporation, USA). .. After blocking with 5% skim milk in Tris‐buffered saline containing 1‰ Tween (TBST), incubate membranes overnight at 4°C with antibodies against OSTERIX (28694‐1‐AP,Proteintech), RUNX2 (ab23981, Abcam), USP26 (ab230226, Abcam), ALP (ab307726, Abcam), β‐actin (#58169, CST), AMPK (A12718, ABclonal), P‐AMPK (AP‐0432, ABclonal), FSTL1 (20182‐1‐AP, proteintech), PAN‐KLA (PTM‐1401RM, PTM BIO), H3K18LA (PTM‐1406RM, PTM BIO), H3K9LA (PTM‐1419RM, PTM BIO), H3K14LA (PTM‐1414RM, PTM BIO), H4K8LA (PTM‐1415RM), H4K12LA (PTM‐1411RM), H3 (PTM‐1002RM, PTM BIO), KSHRP (#13398, CST), calnexin (ab22595, Abcam), HSP70 (ab2787, Abcam), CD81 (ab79559, Abcam), TSG101 (ab125011, Abcam), Phospho‐AKT (Ser473) (66444‐1‐Ig, Proteintech), AKT (10176‐2‐AP, Proteintech),Phospho‐IRS1 (Tyr612) (ZRB09432, Merck), IRS1(17509‐1‐AP, Proteintech), JNK (51153‐1‐AP, Proteintech), Phospho‐JNK (Thr183/Tyr185) (60666‐1‐lg,Proteintech), Phospho‐IRS1 (Ser307) (85238‐1‐RR, Proteintech), Alpha smooth muscle actin (14395‐1‐AP, Proteintech) and Collagen Type I (14695‐1‐AP, Proteintech,). ..

    Saline:

    Article Title: Activating the Osteoblastic USP26 Pathway Alleviates Multi‐Organ Fibrosis by Decreasing Insulin Resistance
    Article Snippet: Separate samples containing 10 μg total protein by SDS‐PAGE on 10% gels and transfer to PVDF membranes (EMD Millipore Corporation, USA). .. After blocking with 5% skim milk in Tris‐buffered saline containing 1‰ Tween (TBST), incubate membranes overnight at 4°C with antibodies against OSTERIX (28694‐1‐AP,Proteintech), RUNX2 (ab23981, Abcam), USP26 (ab230226, Abcam), ALP (ab307726, Abcam), β‐actin (#58169, CST), AMPK (A12718, ABclonal), P‐AMPK (AP‐0432, ABclonal), FSTL1 (20182‐1‐AP, proteintech), PAN‐KLA (PTM‐1401RM, PTM BIO), H3K18LA (PTM‐1406RM, PTM BIO), H3K9LA (PTM‐1419RM, PTM BIO), H3K14LA (PTM‐1414RM, PTM BIO), H4K8LA (PTM‐1415RM), H4K12LA (PTM‐1411RM), H3 (PTM‐1002RM, PTM BIO), KSHRP (#13398, CST), calnexin (ab22595, Abcam), HSP70 (ab2787, Abcam), CD81 (ab79559, Abcam), TSG101 (ab125011, Abcam), Phospho‐AKT (Ser473) (66444‐1‐Ig, Proteintech), AKT (10176‐2‐AP, Proteintech),Phospho‐IRS1 (Tyr612) (ZRB09432, Merck), IRS1(17509‐1‐AP, Proteintech), JNK (51153‐1‐AP, Proteintech), Phospho‐JNK (Thr183/Tyr185) (60666‐1‐lg,Proteintech), Phospho‐IRS1 (Ser307) (85238‐1‐RR, Proteintech), Alpha smooth muscle actin (14395‐1‐AP, Proteintech) and Collagen Type I (14695‐1‐AP, Proteintech,). ..

    Membrane:

    Article Title: Denosumab attenuates knee osteoarthritis progression by inhibiting synovial inflammation via the RANK/TRAF6/FSTL1 signalling
    Article Snippet: .. The membrane was then incubated overnight at 4 °C with the following primary antibodies against the following proteins: RANK (1:1,000, Abclonal, A13382), RANKL (1:1,000, Proteintech, 23408-1-AP), MMP-13 (1:1,000, Proteintech, 18165-1-AP), ADAMTS-5 (1:1,000, Boster, A02802-1), Col2a1 (1:1,000, Bioss, bs-0709R), Col10a1 (1:1,000, Abcam, ab182563), TNF-α (1:1,000, Abclonal, A11534), IL-1β (1:1,000, Affinity Biosciences, AF5103), CD86 (1:1,000, Proteintech, 13395-1-AP), Arg1 (1:1,000, Affinity Biosciences, DF6657), FSTL1 (1:1,000, Proteintech, 20182-1-AP), TRAF6 (1:1,000, Santa Cruz, sc8409), IκB-α (1:2,000, Proteintech, 10268-1-AP), p-IκB-α (1:1000, CST, 2859 T), p-65 (1:1,000, Proteintech, 10745-1-AP), p-50 (1:1,000, Proteintech, 14220-1-AP) and H3 (1:1,000, ab32356, Abcam); GAPDH (1:3,000, Proteintech, 60004-1-Ig) was used as the internal reference. ..

    Article Title: Denosumab attenuates knee osteoarthritis progression by inhibiting synovial inflammation via the RANK/TRAF6/FSTL1 signalling.
    Article Snippet: .. The membrane was then incubated overnight at 4°C with the following primary antibodies against the following proteins: RANK (1:1,000, Abclonal, A13382), RANKL (1:1,000, Proteintech, 23408-1-AP), MMP13 (1:1,000, Proteintech, 18165-1-AP), ADAMTS-5 (1:1,000, Boster, A02802-1), Col2a1 (1:1,000, Bioss, bs-0709R), Col10a1 (1:1,000, Abcam, ab182563), TNF-α (1:1,000, Abclonal, A11534), IL-1β (1:1,000, Affinity Biosciences, AF5103), CD86 (1:1,000, Proteintech, 13395-1-AP), Arg1 (1:1,000, Affinity Biosciences, DF6657), FSTL1 (1:1,000, Proteintech, 20182-1-AP), TRAF6 (1:1,000, Santa Cruz, sc8409), AR TI CL E IN P RE SS ARTICLE IN PRESS IκB-α (1:2,000, Proteintech, 10268-1-AP), p-IκB-α (1:1000, CST, 2859T), p-65 (1:1,000, Proteintech, 10745-1-AP), p-50 (1:1,000, Proteintech, 14220-1-AP) and H3 (1:1,000, ab32356, Abcam); GAPDH (1:3,000, Proteintech, 60004-1-Ig) was used as the internal reference. ..



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    Image Search Results


    Fstl1 enhances the osteogenic differentiation potential of MC3T3-E1 cells. (A) Representative alkaline-phosphatase (ALP) staining at 7 d. (B) Quantitative ALP activity. (C) Representative Alizarin Red S (ARS) staining at 14 d. (D) Quantification of ARS absorbance (OD 562 ). (E-H) Relative mRNA expression of Runx2, Sp7, Ocn, and Opn at 14 d determined by RT-qPCR. (I) Western-blot bands for RUNX2 and SP7. (J and K) Densitometric ratios of RUNX2/GAPDH and SP7/GAPDH. Sample sizes: con ( n = 3), OE-Fstl1 ( n = 3), and sh-Fstl1 ( n = 3). Data are presented as mean ± SD; inter-group comparisons were performed using 1-way ANOVA. * p < .05, ** p < .01, *** p < .001, **** p < .0001; ns, not significant.

    Journal: JBMR Plus

    Article Title: Follistatin-like protein 1 (FSTL1) modulates bone remodeling and attenuates bone loss in a mouse model of postmenopausal osteoporosis

    doi: 10.1093/jbmrpl/ziag037

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Fstl1 enhances the osteogenic differentiation potential of MC3T3-E1 cells. (A) Representative alkaline-phosphatase (ALP) staining at 7 d. (B) Quantitative ALP activity. (C) Representative Alizarin Red S (ARS) staining at 14 d. (D) Quantification of ARS absorbance (OD 562 ). (E-H) Relative mRNA expression of Runx2, Sp7, Ocn, and Opn at 14 d determined by RT-qPCR. (I) Western-blot bands for RUNX2 and SP7. (J and K) Densitometric ratios of RUNX2/GAPDH and SP7/GAPDH. Sample sizes: con ( n = 3), OE-Fstl1 ( n = 3), and sh-Fstl1 ( n = 3). Data are presented as mean ± SD; inter-group comparisons were performed using 1-way ANOVA. * p < .05, ** p < .01, *** p < .001, **** p < .0001; ns, not significant.

    Article Snippet: Antibodies against RUNX2, SP7, NFATC1, and CTSK were purchased from Abcam, while the anti-GAPDH antibody and anti-FSTL1 antibody were obtained from Proteintech.

    Techniques: Staining, Activity Assay, Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR, Western Blot

    Fstl1 suppresses the osteoclast-differentiation activity of BMMs. (A) TRAP staining showing TRAP + multinucleated osteoclast morphology in each group. (B) Quantitative analysis of TRAP + osteoclast numbers. (C) Dual staining of F-actin rings (green) and DAPI (blue) illustrating the resorptive synapse structure of mature osteoclasts. (D) Average number of nuclei per TRAP + osteoclast. (E and F) Representative images of resorption pits on an osteoassay surface from each group and quantification of the total resorbed area per well (percentage of surface area). (G-J) Relative mRNA expression of Ctsk, Nfatc1, c-Fos, and Trap determined by RT-qPCR. (K) Western-blot bands for CTSK and NFATc1. (L and M) Densitometric ratios of NFATc1/GAPDH and CTSK/GAPDH. Sample sizes: con ( n = 3), OE-Fstl1 ( n = 3), and sh-Fstl1 ( n = 3). Data are presented as mean ± SD; inter-group comparisons were performed with 1-way ANOVA. * p < .05, ** p < .01, *** p < .001, **** p < .0001; ns, not significant.

    Journal: JBMR Plus

    Article Title: Follistatin-like protein 1 (FSTL1) modulates bone remodeling and attenuates bone loss in a mouse model of postmenopausal osteoporosis

    doi: 10.1093/jbmrpl/ziag037

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Fstl1 suppresses the osteoclast-differentiation activity of BMMs. (A) TRAP staining showing TRAP + multinucleated osteoclast morphology in each group. (B) Quantitative analysis of TRAP + osteoclast numbers. (C) Dual staining of F-actin rings (green) and DAPI (blue) illustrating the resorptive synapse structure of mature osteoclasts. (D) Average number of nuclei per TRAP + osteoclast. (E and F) Representative images of resorption pits on an osteoassay surface from each group and quantification of the total resorbed area per well (percentage of surface area). (G-J) Relative mRNA expression of Ctsk, Nfatc1, c-Fos, and Trap determined by RT-qPCR. (K) Western-blot bands for CTSK and NFATc1. (L and M) Densitometric ratios of NFATc1/GAPDH and CTSK/GAPDH. Sample sizes: con ( n = 3), OE-Fstl1 ( n = 3), and sh-Fstl1 ( n = 3). Data are presented as mean ± SD; inter-group comparisons were performed with 1-way ANOVA. * p < .05, ** p < .01, *** p < .001, **** p < .0001; ns, not significant.

    Article Snippet: Antibodies against RUNX2, SP7, NFATC1, and CTSK were purchased from Abcam, while the anti-GAPDH antibody and anti-FSTL1 antibody were obtained from Proteintech.

    Techniques: Activity Assay, Staining, Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR, Western Blot

    Age-associated down-regulation of FSTL1. (A) Serum FSTL1 concentrations in the normal and osteoporosis groups measured by ELISA. (B) Relative FSTL1 mRNA expression in peripheral blood leukocytes from the 2 groups determined by qPCR. (C) GTEx analysis of sex differences in blood-cell FSTL1 expression. (D) GTEx comparison of FSTL1 expression in individuals aged <50 yr and ≥50 yr. (E) GTEx comparison of FSTL1 expression in individuals aged <70 yr and ≥70 yr. (F) Age-related trend of blood-cell FSTL1 expression in men. (G) Age-related trend of blood-cell FSTL1 expression in women. Data are expressed as mean ± SD; 2-group comparisons were performed with 2-tailed unpaired Student’s t -tests. * p < .05, ** p < .01, ns denotes no significant difference. Transcripts per million (TPM): this is the most used standardized unit in RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data. It represents the proportion of a certain gene’s transcripts among all transcripts in a specific sample or tissue. After standardization, it enables comparability between different samples and genes.

    Journal: JBMR Plus

    Article Title: Follistatin-like protein 1 (FSTL1) modulates bone remodeling and attenuates bone loss in a mouse model of postmenopausal osteoporosis

    doi: 10.1093/jbmrpl/ziag037

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Age-associated down-regulation of FSTL1. (A) Serum FSTL1 concentrations in the normal and osteoporosis groups measured by ELISA. (B) Relative FSTL1 mRNA expression in peripheral blood leukocytes from the 2 groups determined by qPCR. (C) GTEx analysis of sex differences in blood-cell FSTL1 expression. (D) GTEx comparison of FSTL1 expression in individuals aged <50 yr and ≥50 yr. (E) GTEx comparison of FSTL1 expression in individuals aged <70 yr and ≥70 yr. (F) Age-related trend of blood-cell FSTL1 expression in men. (G) Age-related trend of blood-cell FSTL1 expression in women. Data are expressed as mean ± SD; 2-group comparisons were performed with 2-tailed unpaired Student’s t -tests. * p < .05, ** p < .01, ns denotes no significant difference. Transcripts per million (TPM): this is the most used standardized unit in RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data. It represents the proportion of a certain gene’s transcripts among all transcripts in a specific sample or tissue. After standardization, it enables comparability between different samples and genes.

    Article Snippet: Antibodies against RUNX2, SP7, NFATC1, and CTSK were purchased from Abcam, while the anti-GAPDH antibody and anti-FSTL1 antibody were obtained from Proteintech.

    Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Expressing, Comparison, RNA Sequencing

    Fstl1 haploinsufficiency disrupts bone homeostasis and aggravates OVX-induced bone loss. (A) Three-dimensional micro-CT reconstructions of femora. (B) quantitative micro-CT results. (C) Representative H&E images of distal femoral trabeculae. (D) Quantitative analysis of trabecular area (Tb.Ar) from H&E sections. (E) Osteocalcin (OCN) immunohistochemistry. (F) Quantitative analysis of osteoblast number per bone perimeter (N.Ob/B.Pm, 1/mm) in the indicated experimental groups. (G) TRAP staining depicting osteoclast distribution (red arrows). (H) Quantitative analysis of osteoclast number per bone perimeter (N.Oc/B.Pm, 1/mm) in the indicated experimental groups. Sample sizes: WT-sham ( n = 6), Fstl1 +/− sham ( n = 6), WT-OVX ( n = 6), and Fstl1 +/− OVX ( n = 6). Data are expressed as mean ± SD; group comparisons were conducted with 2-way ANOVA. * p < .05, ** p < .01, *** p < .001, **** p < .0001; ns, not significant.

    Journal: JBMR Plus

    Article Title: Follistatin-like protein 1 (FSTL1) modulates bone remodeling and attenuates bone loss in a mouse model of postmenopausal osteoporosis

    doi: 10.1093/jbmrpl/ziag037

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Fstl1 haploinsufficiency disrupts bone homeostasis and aggravates OVX-induced bone loss. (A) Three-dimensional micro-CT reconstructions of femora. (B) quantitative micro-CT results. (C) Representative H&E images of distal femoral trabeculae. (D) Quantitative analysis of trabecular area (Tb.Ar) from H&E sections. (E) Osteocalcin (OCN) immunohistochemistry. (F) Quantitative analysis of osteoblast number per bone perimeter (N.Ob/B.Pm, 1/mm) in the indicated experimental groups. (G) TRAP staining depicting osteoclast distribution (red arrows). (H) Quantitative analysis of osteoclast number per bone perimeter (N.Oc/B.Pm, 1/mm) in the indicated experimental groups. Sample sizes: WT-sham ( n = 6), Fstl1 +/− sham ( n = 6), WT-OVX ( n = 6), and Fstl1 +/− OVX ( n = 6). Data are expressed as mean ± SD; group comparisons were conducted with 2-way ANOVA. * p < .05, ** p < .01, *** p < .001, **** p < .0001; ns, not significant.

    Article Snippet: Antibodies against RUNX2, SP7, NFATC1, and CTSK were purchased from Abcam, while the anti-GAPDH antibody and anti-FSTL1 antibody were obtained from Proteintech.

    Techniques: Micro-CT, Immunohistochemistry, Staining

    Fstl1 enhances the osteogenic differentiation potential of MC3T3-E1 cells. (A) Representative alkaline-phosphatase (ALP) staining at 7 d. (B) Quantitative ALP activity. (C) Representative Alizarin Red S (ARS) staining at 14 d. (D) Quantification of ARS absorbance (OD 562 ). (E-H) Relative mRNA expression of Runx2, Sp7, Ocn, and Opn at 14 d determined by RT-qPCR. (I) Western-blot bands for RUNX2 and SP7. (J and K) Densitometric ratios of RUNX2/GAPDH and SP7/GAPDH. Sample sizes: con ( n = 3), OE-Fstl1 ( n = 3), and sh-Fstl1 ( n = 3). Data are presented as mean ± SD; inter-group comparisons were performed using 1-way ANOVA. * p < .05, ** p < .01, *** p < .001, **** p < .0001; ns, not significant.

    Journal: JBMR Plus

    Article Title: Follistatin-like protein 1 (FSTL1) modulates bone remodeling and attenuates bone loss in a mouse model of postmenopausal osteoporosis

    doi: 10.1093/jbmrpl/ziag037

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Fstl1 enhances the osteogenic differentiation potential of MC3T3-E1 cells. (A) Representative alkaline-phosphatase (ALP) staining at 7 d. (B) Quantitative ALP activity. (C) Representative Alizarin Red S (ARS) staining at 14 d. (D) Quantification of ARS absorbance (OD 562 ). (E-H) Relative mRNA expression of Runx2, Sp7, Ocn, and Opn at 14 d determined by RT-qPCR. (I) Western-blot bands for RUNX2 and SP7. (J and K) Densitometric ratios of RUNX2/GAPDH and SP7/GAPDH. Sample sizes: con ( n = 3), OE-Fstl1 ( n = 3), and sh-Fstl1 ( n = 3). Data are presented as mean ± SD; inter-group comparisons were performed using 1-way ANOVA. * p < .05, ** p < .01, *** p < .001, **** p < .0001; ns, not significant.

    Article Snippet: Antibodies against RUNX2, SP7, NFATC1, and CTSK were purchased from Abcam, while the anti-GAPDH antibody and anti-FSTL1 antibody were obtained from Proteintech.

    Techniques: Staining, Activity Assay, Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR, Western Blot

    Fstl1 suppresses the osteoclast-differentiation activity of BMMs. (A) TRAP staining showing TRAP + multinucleated osteoclast morphology in each group. (B) Quantitative analysis of TRAP + osteoclast numbers. (C) Dual staining of F-actin rings (green) and DAPI (blue) illustrating the resorptive synapse structure of mature osteoclasts. (D) Average number of nuclei per TRAP + osteoclast. (E and F) Representative images of resorption pits on an osteoassay surface from each group and quantification of the total resorbed area per well (percentage of surface area). (G-J) Relative mRNA expression of Ctsk, Nfatc1, c-Fos, and Trap determined by RT-qPCR. (K) Western-blot bands for CTSK and NFATc1. (L and M) Densitometric ratios of NFATc1/GAPDH and CTSK/GAPDH. Sample sizes: con ( n = 3), OE-Fstl1 ( n = 3), and sh-Fstl1 ( n = 3). Data are presented as mean ± SD; inter-group comparisons were performed with 1-way ANOVA. * p < .05, ** p < .01, *** p < .001, **** p < .0001; ns, not significant.

    Journal: JBMR Plus

    Article Title: Follistatin-like protein 1 (FSTL1) modulates bone remodeling and attenuates bone loss in a mouse model of postmenopausal osteoporosis

    doi: 10.1093/jbmrpl/ziag037

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Fstl1 suppresses the osteoclast-differentiation activity of BMMs. (A) TRAP staining showing TRAP + multinucleated osteoclast morphology in each group. (B) Quantitative analysis of TRAP + osteoclast numbers. (C) Dual staining of F-actin rings (green) and DAPI (blue) illustrating the resorptive synapse structure of mature osteoclasts. (D) Average number of nuclei per TRAP + osteoclast. (E and F) Representative images of resorption pits on an osteoassay surface from each group and quantification of the total resorbed area per well (percentage of surface area). (G-J) Relative mRNA expression of Ctsk, Nfatc1, c-Fos, and Trap determined by RT-qPCR. (K) Western-blot bands for CTSK and NFATc1. (L and M) Densitometric ratios of NFATc1/GAPDH and CTSK/GAPDH. Sample sizes: con ( n = 3), OE-Fstl1 ( n = 3), and sh-Fstl1 ( n = 3). Data are presented as mean ± SD; inter-group comparisons were performed with 1-way ANOVA. * p < .05, ** p < .01, *** p < .001, **** p < .0001; ns, not significant.

    Article Snippet: Antibodies against RUNX2, SP7, NFATC1, and CTSK were purchased from Abcam, while the anti-GAPDH antibody and anti-FSTL1 antibody were obtained from Proteintech.

    Techniques: Activity Assay, Staining, Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR, Western Blot

    Intraperitoneal administration of FSTL1 markedly restores bone mass in OVX mice. (A) Micro-CT three-dimensional reconstructions showing trabecular morphology in femoral cancellous bone. (B) Quantitative micro-CT parameters (BMD, BV/TV, Tb.Th, Tb.N, and Tb.Sp). (C) H&E staining illustrating trabecular architecture. (D) Quantitative analysis of trabecular area fraction (Tb.Ar%). (E) OCN immunohistochemistry depicting osteoblast distribution (red arrows). (F) Quantitative analysis of osteoblast number per bone perimeter (N.Ob/B.Pm, 1/mm) in the indicated experimental groups. (G) TRAP staining depicting osteoclast distribution (red arrows). (H) Quantitative analysis of osteoclast number per bone perimeter (N.Oc/B.Pm, 1/mm) in the indicated experimental groups. Sample sizes: OVX+PBS ( n = 6) and OVX+FSTL1 ( n = 6). Data are expressed as mean ± SD; 2-tailed unpaired Student’s t -tests were used for between-group comparisons. * p < .05, ** p < .01, *** p < .001; ns, not significant.

    Journal: JBMR Plus

    Article Title: Follistatin-like protein 1 (FSTL1) modulates bone remodeling and attenuates bone loss in a mouse model of postmenopausal osteoporosis

    doi: 10.1093/jbmrpl/ziag037

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Intraperitoneal administration of FSTL1 markedly restores bone mass in OVX mice. (A) Micro-CT three-dimensional reconstructions showing trabecular morphology in femoral cancellous bone. (B) Quantitative micro-CT parameters (BMD, BV/TV, Tb.Th, Tb.N, and Tb.Sp). (C) H&E staining illustrating trabecular architecture. (D) Quantitative analysis of trabecular area fraction (Tb.Ar%). (E) OCN immunohistochemistry depicting osteoblast distribution (red arrows). (F) Quantitative analysis of osteoblast number per bone perimeter (N.Ob/B.Pm, 1/mm) in the indicated experimental groups. (G) TRAP staining depicting osteoclast distribution (red arrows). (H) Quantitative analysis of osteoclast number per bone perimeter (N.Oc/B.Pm, 1/mm) in the indicated experimental groups. Sample sizes: OVX+PBS ( n = 6) and OVX+FSTL1 ( n = 6). Data are expressed as mean ± SD; 2-tailed unpaired Student’s t -tests were used for between-group comparisons. * p < .05, ** p < .01, *** p < .001; ns, not significant.

    Article Snippet: Antibodies against RUNX2, SP7, NFATC1, and CTSK were purchased from Abcam, while the anti-GAPDH antibody and anti-FSTL1 antibody were obtained from Proteintech.

    Techniques: Micro-CT, Staining, Immunohistochemistry