dld1  (ATCC)

Journal: Plant Foods for Human Nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)

Article Title: Gastrointestinal Digestion Enhances the In vitro Antitumor Activity of Red Grape Anthocyanins Against Colorectal Cancer Cells

doi: 10.1007/s11130-026-01498-w

Figure Lengend Snippet: In vitro antitumor activity of undigested and digested red grape anthocyanin extracts in DLD1 and Caco2 cells. ( A ) MTT cell viability curves; ( B ) IC₅₀ values and relative potency; ( C ) Representative cell morphology of untreated (CTR) and IC₅₀-treated cells; ( D ) Trypan Blue viability validation in DLD1 cells. Statistical significance was assessed by t-test and Extra Sum-of-Squares F Test

Article Snippet: Two human colorectal carcinoma cell lines, Caco2 (ATCC, USA) and DLD1 (ECACC), were cultured under standard conditions as detailed in SM.

Techniques: In Vitro, Activity Assay, Biomarker Discovery

Journal: Plant Foods for Human Nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)

Article Title: Gastrointestinal Digestion Enhances the In vitro Antitumor Activity of Red Grape Anthocyanins Against Colorectal Cancer Cells

doi: 10.1007/s11130-026-01498-w

Figure Lengend Snippet: Transcriptomic alterations in DLD1 cells treated with IC₅₀ of digested red grape anthocyanins. ( A ) Hierarchical clustering of microarray samples; ( B ) Volcano plot of differentially expressed genes (|FR| ≥ 1.5; adj. p < 0.05); ( C ) Heatmap of top 50 up- and downregulated genes; ( D ) Enriched Hallmark and Reactome gene sets identified by GSEA (FDR < 25%, nominal p < 0.05)

Article Snippet: Two human colorectal carcinoma cell lines, Caco2 (ATCC, USA) and DLD1 (ECACC), were cultured under standard conditions as detailed in SM.

Techniques: Microarray

Journal: Plant Foods for Human Nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)

Article Title: Gastrointestinal Digestion Enhances the In vitro Antitumor Activity of Red Grape Anthocyanins Against Colorectal Cancer Cells

doi: 10.1007/s11130-026-01498-w

Figure Lengend Snippet: Apoptosis-related effects of digested red grape anthocyanins in DLD1 cells. ( A ) Enriched apoptosis-related gene sets (GSEA); ( B ) Annexin V/PI apoptosis quantification at IC₅₀ and 5 µg/mL; (C) RT-qPCR validation of selected apoptosis-associated genes. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 (t-test)

Article Snippet: Two human colorectal carcinoma cell lines, Caco2 (ATCC, USA) and DLD1 (ECACC), were cultured under standard conditions as detailed in SM.

Techniques: Quantitative RT-PCR, Biomarker Discovery

Journal: Plant Foods for Human Nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)

Article Title: Gastrointestinal Digestion Enhances the In vitro Antitumor Activity of Red Grape Anthocyanins Against Colorectal Cancer Cells

doi: 10.1007/s11130-026-01498-w

Figure Lengend Snippet: Proliferation-related effects of digested red grape anthocyanins in DLD1 cells. ( A ) AlamarBlue proliferation kinetics at IC₅₀ and 5 µg/mL; ( B ) Cell cycle phase distribution by flow cytometry; ( C ) RT-qPCR validation of selected proliferation-associated genes. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 (t-test)

Article Snippet: Two human colorectal carcinoma cell lines, Caco2 (ATCC, USA) and DLD1 (ECACC), were cultured under standard conditions as detailed in SM.

Techniques: Flow Cytometry, Quantitative RT-PCR, Biomarker Discovery

Journal: Plant Foods for Human Nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)

Article Title: Gastrointestinal Digestion Enhances the In vitro Antitumor Activity of Red Grape Anthocyanins Against Colorectal Cancer Cells

doi: 10.1007/s11130-026-01498-w

Figure Lengend Snippet: Cell motility-related effects of digested red grape anthocyanins in DLD1 cells. ( A ) Enriched motility-related Reactome gene sets (GSEA); ( B ) Spatial characteristics of the microfluidic device; ( C ) Confined 3D migration parameters (speed, velocity, migratory cell number) at IC₅₀ and 5 µg/mL. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 (t-test)

Article Snippet: Two human colorectal carcinoma cell lines, Caco2 (ATCC, USA) and DLD1 (ECACC), were cultured under standard conditions as detailed in SM.

Techniques: Migration

Journal: BMB Reports

Article Title: HERV-R (ERV3-1) Env gene knockout reduces invasion, migration, and tumor growth in DLD1 colon cancer cells

doi: 10.5483/BMBRep.2024-0189

Figure Lengend Snippet: Production and verification of DLD1 HERV-R KO cell lines. (A) DLD1 control and DLD1 HERV-R KO candidates were confirmed through genomic PCR. (B) RNA levels in DLD1 control and DLD1 HERV-R KO candidates were confirmed and compared using RT-PCR. (C) The gDNA extracted from DLD1 and HERV-R KO cells was subjected to TA cloning and sequence analysis. A 208-bp deletion was confirmed in the HERV-R gene.

Article Snippet: The human colon adenocarcinoma cell line DLD1 was obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA).

Techniques: Control, Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction, TA Cloning, Sequencing

Journal: BMB Reports

Article Title: HERV-R (ERV3-1) Env gene knockout reduces invasion, migration, and tumor growth in DLD1 colon cancer cells

doi: 10.5483/BMBRep.2024-0189

Figure Lengend Snippet: Verification of HERV-R KO effects on cancer characteristics in colon cancer cell lines. (A) HERV-R RNA and protein levels confirmed the knockout in DLD1 and HERV-R KO cells. (B) DLD1 and HERV-R KO cells were seeded in 6-well plates, and cell numbers were counted every 24 hours to compare cell growth. ***P < 0.001. (C) Cell mobility in DLD1 and HERV-R KO cell lines was compared through a wound-healing assay in 6-well plates. The graph on the right quantifies the gap between cells. (D) Cell mobility and invasiveness in DLD1 and HERV-R KO cells were compared using a Transwell assay. The graph below shows the number of cells that crossed the membrane. ns, not significant; *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001.

Article Snippet: The human colon adenocarcinoma cell line DLD1 was obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA).

Techniques: Knock-Out, Wound Healing Assay, Transwell Assay, Membrane

Journal: BMB Reports

Article Title: HERV-R (ERV3-1) Env gene knockout reduces invasion, migration, and tumor growth in DLD1 colon cancer cells

doi: 10.5483/BMBRep.2024-0189

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of HERV-R reduction on tumor formation in vivo . (A) BALB/c nude mice (n = 5) were injected subcutaneously with DLD1 and HERV-R KO cells in the flanks, and tumor sizes were monitored and compared over 5 weeks. The graph on the right shows tumor sizes measured after subcutaneous injection. (B) Comparison of tumors from DLD1 and HERV-R KO cells obtained after mice were euthanized. Tumor volumes were measured and compared in the graph on the right. ns, not significant; *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001.

Article Snippet: The human colon adenocarcinoma cell line DLD1 was obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA).

Techniques: In Vivo, Injection, Comparison

Journal: BMB Reports

Article Title: HERV-R (ERV3-1) Env gene knockout reduces invasion, migration, and tumor growth in DLD1 colon cancer cells

doi: 10.5483/BMBRep.2024-0189

Figure Lengend Snippet: mRNA-Seq analysis of DLD1 and HERV-R KO cell lines. (A) A graph confirming the relationship between DLD1 and HERV-R KO cell lines (left), and a scatter plot graph analyzing the expression patterns of genes in each cell line (right). (B) Categories of differentially expressed genes were classified by comparing DLD1 and HERV-R KO cells, with proportions shown in the Venn diagram (left) and bar graph (right). (C) The differential expression of HERV-R in DLD1 and HERV-R KO cells was analyzed graphically using mRNA-Seq. (D) The correlation between HERV-R and cancer-related genes in colon cancer cells was confirmed using DAVID and STRING tools. All data were analyzed based on the criteria of Fold change: 2.0, Normalized data (log2): 4.0, and P-value: 0.05.

Article Snippet: The human colon adenocarcinoma cell line DLD1 was obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA).

Techniques: Expressing, Quantitative Proteomics