Journal: Journal of Neuroinflammation
Article Title: Increased levels of sphingosine-1-phosphate in cerebrospinal fluid of patients diagnosed with tick-borne encephalitis
doi: 10.1186/s12974-014-0193-4
Figure Lengend Snippet: F-actin structure in rat astrocytes (confluent culture) treated with S1P, recombinant human plasma gelsolin and FTY720P, or their combination. At 8 hours incubation the cells were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde, permeabilized with Triton X-100 and F-actin was stained with Phalloidin-FITC. Arrows indicate gaps in astrocyte monolayers. Data from one representative experiment are shown (A) . B shows quantitative analysis of F-actin fluorescence in the astrocyte monolayer under treatment, indicated by numbers 1 to 10 in the left lower corner of each picture. *Significantly different. Error bars represent standard error of the mean. S1P – sphingosine – 1– phosphate, GSN – recombinant human plasma gelsolin.
Article Snippet: S1P (S9666) was purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St Louis, Missouri, United States). (S)- fingolimod phosphate (FTY720P; B-0721) was purchased from Echelon Biosciences Inc. (Salt Lake City, Utah, United States).
Techniques: Recombinant, Incubation, Staining, Fluorescence