Journal: bioRxiv
Article Title: Aurora kinase A enables collective invasion and metastasis by endowing a leader cell phenotype and stabilizing Eplin-mediated cohesion with follower cells
doi: 10.64898/2026.03.31.715024
Figure Lengend Snippet: a. Live-cell imaging of scratch wound assays treated with DMSO or MLN8237 (1μM, 2.5μM, 5μM). Images were taken every 15 minutes over the course of 24 hours. At 12 hours, the wound is outlined by a yellow line and migrating cell clusters are marked by an asterisk (*). Scattered cells are highlighted with a yellow contour. b-d. Live-cell images were used to quantify (b) the wound closure speed (c) migrating cell clusters and (d) scattered cells for cells treated with DMSO (36 wounds) or MLN8237 at a concentration of 1μM (27 wounds), 2.5μM (35 wounds) and 5μM (36 wounds). Data are represented as mean ± SD, n = 3 independent experiments, P-value from multiple comparisons two-way ANOVA method t-test. e. The migration of leader cells with or without the addition of MLN8237 (5 μM) at 0 hours post-scratch were tracked. Leader cells were identified retrospectively at 6 hours using 10x objective images. f. Velocity of leader cells with or without the addition of MLN8237 (5 μM) were determined. g. Schematic of scratch wound assay with or without treatment of MLN8237 or MG132. After making the scratch, media with DMSO was added and cells were allowed to migrate. At 3 hours post-scratch, media with or without treatment of MLN8237 (5μM) or MG132 (1 μM) was added. h. Live-cell imaging was used to observe scratch wound assays treated with or without MLN8237 (5 μM) for 6 hours post-scratch. Leader cells are outlined in green, and two follower cells are outlined in orange. White arrows represent migration vector of the leader cell. i. Quantification of the difference between the migration vector from 0-3 hours and 3-6 hours in response to MLN8237 or MG132. Data are represented as mean ± SEM, n = 3 independent experiments, P-value from multiple comparisons two-way ANOVA method t-test. j. IF analysis of AURKA and E-cadherin expression in migrating MCF10A RFP-TUBA1B cells. The migrating cell cluster have a leader cell (white arrowhead) with high AURKA expression and followers that are positive for E-cadherin. Intercellular bridges between cells at the edge of the wound are also E-cadherin positive. k. Scratch wound assays treated with DMSO or MLN8237 ( 5μM) and stained for AURKA and E-cadherin. l. Line scan analysis performed on immunofluorescence images and quantified for scratch wounds treated with DMSO, MG132, MLN8237 or both MLN8237 + MG132.
Article Snippet: The following primary antibodies were used: Alexa-647-beta-tubulin (TUBB) (ThermoFisher, MA5-16308-A647, 1:100), K14 (Abcam,181595, 1:1000), cytokeratin 14 (Abcam, ab181595, 1:1000), GFP (Abcam, ab183734, 1:200), phosphorylated AURKA (pAURKA) (Cell Signalling, 3079, 1:1000), AURKA (Abcam, ab13824, 1:200 or Cell Signaling, 3092S, 1:400), E-cadherin (Cell Signaling, 3195S, 1:300 or Cell Signalling, 14472S, 1:300), EPLIN (Cell Signalling, 16639-1-AP, 1:100 or Cell Signalling, sc-136399, 1:100) and gamma-tubulin (TUBG1) (Sigma, T6557, 1:1000).
Techniques: Live Cell Imaging, Concentration Assay, Migration, Scratch Wound Assay Assay, Plasmid Preparation, Expressing, Staining, Immunofluorescence