Journal: Frontiers in Microbiology
Article Title: ProcCluster ® and procaine hydrochloride inhibit the replication of influenza A virus in vitro
doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1422651
Figure Lengend Snippet: PC and PHCl inhibit PLA 2 from A549 but not MDCK cells. (A) A549 and MDCK cells were lysed for 30 min on ice using distilled water. The activity of cellular PLA 2 in the lysate was assessed in the presence of the indicated concentrations of PC and PHCl. PLA 2 activity of untreated samples was arbitrarily set to 100%. (B) Calu-3 cells were infected with IAV PR8 at an MOI of 0.1 for 30 min and then treated with the indicated concentrations of bromoenol lacton (BEL), pyrrophenone (PP) or left untreated until 24 h p.i. Virus titers were determined by standard plaque assay and the titer in the solvent-treated samples was arbitrarily set to 100%. (C) Calu-3 cells were treated (−30 min) with 30 μM bromoenol lacton (BEL) or left untreated for 30 min prior to infection. Cells were then infected with PR8 at an MOI of 1 for 30 min. Afterwards cells were treated with 30 μM BEL or solvent control (DMSO) immediately (−30 min, 30 min and DMSO) or at the indicated times (without removing the media). (A–C) Statistical significance was determined by one sample t -test comparing to 100. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, and **** p < 0.0001.
Article Snippet: Bromoenol lacton (Merck, Germany) and pyrrophenone (MedChemExpress, United States) were diluted in DMSO and stored at −20°C.
Techniques: Activity Assay, Infection, Virus, Plaque Assay, Solvent, Control