rabbit polyclonal anti igf2bp2  (Bethyl)

Journal: Molecular Brain

Article Title: Differential microglial responses to structurally distinct alpha-synuclein polymorphs

doi: 10.1186/s13041-025-01256-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: Microglial inflammatory gene expression induced by α-synuclein polymorphs. A Electron microscopy analysis of α-synuclein EO, KSO, DO, PFF, sPFF, and Fib. Scale bars 200 nm (Upper panel) and 20 nm (Lower panel). B Experimental scheme. iPSC-differentiated iMG were exposed to control, α-synuclein MO, EO, KSO, DO, PFF, sPFF, or Fib for 4 h. C–J iMG expressions of TNF ( C ), IL-1β ( D ), IL-6 ( E ), IL-10 ( F ), CCL2 ( G ), CCL3 ( H ), CCL4 ( I ), and CXCL1 ( J ) were determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Error bars represent SEM. One-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparison test ( n = 4 per group). * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001

Article Snippet: Recombinant human α-synuclein monomers (#SPR-316, MO), kinetically stable α-synuclein oligomers (#SPR-484, KSO), EGCG stabilized α-synuclein oligomers (#SPR-469, EO), dopamine stabilized α-synuclein oligomers (#SPR-466, DO), and α-synuclein preformed fibrils (#SPR-322, PFF) were purchased from StressMarq Biosciences (Victoria, Canada).

Techniques: Gene Expression, Electron Microscopy, Control, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Comparison

Journal: Molecular Brain

Article Title: Differential microglial responses to structurally distinct alpha-synuclein polymorphs

doi: 10.1186/s13041-025-01256-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: Transcriptomic analysis of microglia exposed to α-synuclein polymorphs. iPSC-differentiated iMicroglia were exposed to control, α-synuclein MO, EO, KSO, DO, PFF, sPFF, or Fib for 4 h ( n = 4 per group). Total RNA extracted from iMG was analyzed by RNA sequencing. A Heatmap of the differentially expressed genes in the group of comparisons. Red and blue represent down- and up-regulation (Cut-off criteria: FDR < 0.05 and the absolute value of log 2 FC ≥ 0.58). B–K GO:BP enrichment analysis (Fisher’s exact test p -value with FDR correction < 0.05). Enriched GO:BP pathways in iMG expose to α-synuclein aggregates, response to cytokine ( B ), cytokine-mediated signaling pathway ( C ), response to chemokine ( D ), inflammatory response ( E ), regulation of response to stimulus ( F ), cellular response to chemical stimulus ( g ), cell surface receptor signaling pathway ( H ), defense response ( I ), response to tumor necrosis factor ( J ), and leukocyte chemotaxis ( K ). The y -axis displays treatments, and the x -axis shows the -log 10 p -value. L Radar plot for p-values of enriched KEGG immune pathway of common up-regulated genes among the group of comparisons

Article Snippet: Recombinant human α-synuclein monomers (#SPR-316, MO), kinetically stable α-synuclein oligomers (#SPR-484, KSO), EGCG stabilized α-synuclein oligomers (#SPR-469, EO), dopamine stabilized α-synuclein oligomers (#SPR-466, DO), and α-synuclein preformed fibrils (#SPR-322, PFF) were purchased from StressMarq Biosciences (Victoria, Canada).

Techniques: Control, RNA Sequencing, Cell Surface Receptor Assay, Chemotaxis Assay

Journal: Molecular Brain

Article Title: Differential microglial responses to structurally distinct alpha-synuclein polymorphs

doi: 10.1186/s13041-025-01256-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: TLR agonist ability of α-synuclein oligomers. A Schematic illustration of experiment. HEK-Blue hTLR reporter cells were treated with low (100 nM) and high (1 μM) concentrations of α-synuclein oligomers and α-synuclein MO. B – H After 24 h of incubation, the activities of TLR2 ( B ), TLR3 ( C ), TLR4 ( D ), TLR5 ( E ), TLR7 ( F ), TLR8 ( G ), and TLR9 ( H ) were determined by TLR activity reporter assay ( n = 6 per group). Vehicle and TLR agonist were used as negative and positive controls, respectively. Error bars represent SEM. One-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparison test. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001

Article Snippet: Recombinant human α-synuclein monomers (#SPR-316, MO), kinetically stable α-synuclein oligomers (#SPR-484, KSO), EGCG stabilized α-synuclein oligomers (#SPR-469, EO), dopamine stabilized α-synuclein oligomers (#SPR-466, DO), and α-synuclein preformed fibrils (#SPR-322, PFF) were purchased from StressMarq Biosciences (Victoria, Canada).

Techniques: Incubation, Activity Assay, Reporter Assay, Comparison

Journal: Molecular Brain

Article Title: Differential microglial responses to structurally distinct alpha-synuclein polymorphs

doi: 10.1186/s13041-025-01256-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: TLR induction ability of α-synuclein fibrillar species. A Experimental scheme. HEK-Blue hTLR reporter cells were treated with low (100 nM) and high (1 μM) concentrations of α-synuclein PFF and α-synuclein sPFF. B–H The activities of TLR2 ( B ), TLR3 ( C ), TLR4 ( D ), TLR5 ( E ), TLR7 ( F ), TLR8 ( G ), and TLR9 ( H ) were determined by TLR activity reporter assay after a 24-h incubation ( n = 6 per group). Vehicle and TLR agonist were used as negative and positive controls, respectively. Error bars represent SEM. One-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparison test. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01

Article Snippet: Recombinant human α-synuclein monomers (#SPR-316, MO), kinetically stable α-synuclein oligomers (#SPR-484, KSO), EGCG stabilized α-synuclein oligomers (#SPR-469, EO), dopamine stabilized α-synuclein oligomers (#SPR-466, DO), and α-synuclein preformed fibrils (#SPR-322, PFF) were purchased from StressMarq Biosciences (Victoria, Canada).

Techniques: Activity Assay, Reporter Assay, Incubation, Comparison

Journal: Molecular Brain

Article Title: Differential microglial responses to structurally distinct alpha-synuclein polymorphs

doi: 10.1186/s13041-025-01256-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: Inhibition of TLR2 reduces α-synuclein polymorphs-induced inflammatory gene expression in iMicroglia. A Experimental scheme. iMG were pretreated with either control IgG (1 μg/mL) or anti-TLR2 antibody (T2.5, 1 μg/ML) for 30 min, followed by treatment with control, α-synuclein KSO, or Fib for 4 h. B–E Expression levels of TNF ( B ), IL-6 ( C ), CCL2 ( D ), and CCL4 ( E ) in iMG were assessed by quantitative PCR. Error bars represent SEM. One-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparison test ( n = 3 per group). * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001

Article Snippet: Recombinant human α-synuclein monomers (#SPR-316, MO), kinetically stable α-synuclein oligomers (#SPR-484, KSO), EGCG stabilized α-synuclein oligomers (#SPR-469, EO), dopamine stabilized α-synuclein oligomers (#SPR-466, DO), and α-synuclein preformed fibrils (#SPR-322, PFF) were purchased from StressMarq Biosciences (Victoria, Canada).

Techniques: Inhibition, Gene Expression, Control, Expressing, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Comparison