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tmpyp4  (Santa Cruz Biotechnology)


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    Structured Review

    Santa Cruz Biotechnology tmpyp4
    FIGURE 1. Inhibition of CST–PP activity by <t>TMPyP4.</t> (A) Representative gels showing C-strand synthesis on the 9xTEL template in NaCl/KCl (left) or LiCl (right) with trace amount of radiolabeled template (T) serving as recovery control. Twofold dilutions of TMPyP4 (highest concentration: 3200 nM) were incubated with the template before the addition of CST–PP and nucleotides. (B) Plot of relative synthesis intensities as a function of TMPyP4 concentration in NaCl/KCl or LiCl. Points represent mean values and error bars represent SD for n = 5 (Na+/K+) or n = 4 (Li+) indepen- dent experiments. (C,D) Same as panels A,B except that the template was 9xnoGG. For panel D, n = 4.
    Tmpyp4, supplied by Santa Cruz Biotechnology, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 93/100, based on 10 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/tmpyp4/TMPyP4/pm38918043-195-0-2
    Average 93 stars, based on 10 article reviews
    tmpyp4 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-10
    93/100 stars

    Images

    1) Product Images from "Small molecule telomerase inhibitors are also potent inhibitors of telomeric C-strand synthesis."

    Article Title: Small molecule telomerase inhibitors are also potent inhibitors of telomeric C-strand synthesis.

    Journal: RNA (New York, N.Y.)

    doi: 10.1261/rna.080043.124

    FIGURE 1. Inhibition of CST–PP activity by TMPyP4. (A) Representative gels showing C-strand synthesis on the 9xTEL template in NaCl/KCl (left) or LiCl (right) with trace amount of radiolabeled template (T) serving as recovery control. Twofold dilutions of TMPyP4 (highest concentration: 3200 nM) were incubated with the template before the addition of CST–PP and nucleotides. (B) Plot of relative synthesis intensities as a function of TMPyP4 concentration in NaCl/KCl or LiCl. Points represent mean values and error bars represent SD for n = 5 (Na+/K+) or n = 4 (Li+) indepen- dent experiments. (C,D) Same as panels A,B except that the template was 9xnoGG. For panel D, n = 4.
    Figure Legend Snippet: FIGURE 1. Inhibition of CST–PP activity by TMPyP4. (A) Representative gels showing C-strand synthesis on the 9xTEL template in NaCl/KCl (left) or LiCl (right) with trace amount of radiolabeled template (T) serving as recovery control. Twofold dilutions of TMPyP4 (highest concentration: 3200 nM) were incubated with the template before the addition of CST–PP and nucleotides. (B) Plot of relative synthesis intensities as a function of TMPyP4 concentration in NaCl/KCl or LiCl. Points represent mean values and error bars represent SD for n = 5 (Na+/K+) or n = 4 (Li+) indepen- dent experiments. (C,D) Same as panels A,B except that the template was 9xnoGG. For panel D, n = 4.

    Techniques Used: Inhibition, Activity Assay, Control, Concentration Assay, Incubation

    FIGURE 2. TMPyP4 inhibits CST–PP binding to template DNA. (A) Representative gels of CST–PP binding to radiolabeled template DNA in NaCl/KCl (left) or LiCl (right) following incubation of DNA with increasing concentrations of TMPyP4 (twofold dilutions from 3200 nM). (T) Template, (T–P) template–protein complex, (W) well. (B) Plot of fraction DNA bound at each concentration of TMPyP4 normalized to fraction bound with no inhibitor in NaCl/KCl or LiCl. Points represent mean values and error bars represent SD for n = 6 independent experiments, except 9xnoGG in Li+ (n = 4).
    Figure Legend Snippet: FIGURE 2. TMPyP4 inhibits CST–PP binding to template DNA. (A) Representative gels of CST–PP binding to radiolabeled template DNA in NaCl/KCl (left) or LiCl (right) following incubation of DNA with increasing concentrations of TMPyP4 (twofold dilutions from 3200 nM). (T) Template, (T–P) template–protein complex, (W) well. (B) Plot of fraction DNA bound at each concentration of TMPyP4 normalized to fraction bound with no inhibitor in NaCl/KCl or LiCl. Points represent mean values and error bars represent SD for n = 6 independent experiments, except 9xnoGG in Li+ (n = 4).

    Techniques Used: Binding Assay, Incubation, Concentration Assay

    FIGURE 4. (A) Native gel electrophoresis with 9xTEL DNA incubated with twofold dilutions of TMPyP4 (highest concentration: 3200 nM) in NaCl/KCl (left half of gel) or LiCl (right half). (B) As in panel A but with 9xnoGG DNA. (C) Native gel of 9xTEL DNA incubated with twofold dilutions of PDS (highest concentration: 1600 nM) in NaCl/KCl (left half) or LiCl (right half). (D) As in panel C but with 9xnoGG DNA.
    Figure Legend Snippet: FIGURE 4. (A) Native gel electrophoresis with 9xTEL DNA incubated with twofold dilutions of TMPyP4 (highest concentration: 3200 nM) in NaCl/KCl (left half of gel) or LiCl (right half). (B) As in panel A but with 9xnoGG DNA. (C) Native gel of 9xTEL DNA incubated with twofold dilutions of PDS (highest concentration: 1600 nM) in NaCl/KCl (left half) or LiCl (right half). (D) As in panel C but with 9xnoGG DNA.

    Techniques Used: Nucleic Acid Electrophoresis, Incubation, Concentration Assay

    Related Articles

    Inhibition:

    Article Title: Small molecule telomerase inhibitors are also potent inhibitors of telomeric C-strand synthesis.
    Article Snippet: TMPyP4 (sc-204346, Santa Cruz Biotechnology) and PDS (SML2690, Sigma-Aldrich) were resuspended in 100% DMSO at 10 mg/mL and stored at −20°C.

    Article Title: Stabilization of RNA G-quadruplexes in the SARS-CoV-2 genome inhibits viral infection via translational suppression.
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    Article Title: Small molecule telomerase inhibitors are also potent inhibitors of telomeric C-strand synthesis
    Article Snippet: TMPyP4 (sc-204346, Santa Cruz Biotechnology) and pyridostatin (SML2690, Sigma-Aldrich) were resuspended in 100% DMSO at 10 mg/mL and stored at -20 °C.

    Activity Assay:

    Article Title: Small molecule telomerase inhibitors are also potent inhibitors of telomeric C-strand synthesis.
    Article Snippet: TMPyP4 (sc-204346, Santa Cruz Biotechnology) and PDS (SML2690, Sigma-Aldrich) were resuspended in 100% DMSO at 10 mg/mL and stored at −20°C.

    Article Title: Stabilization of RNA G-quadruplexes in the SARS-CoV-2 genome inhibits viral infection via translational suppression.
    Article Snippet: The G-quadruplex (G4) formed in single-stranded DNAs or RNAs plays a key role in diverse biological processes and is considered as a potential antiviral target.. In the genome of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), 25 putative G4-forming sequences are predicted; however, the effects of G4-binding ligands on SARS-CoV-2 replication have not been studied in the context of viral infection.. In this study, we investigated whether G4-ligands suppressed SARSCoV-2 replication and whether their antiviral activity involved stabilization of viral RNA G4s and suppression of viral gene expression.

    Article Title: Small molecule telomerase inhibitors are also potent inhibitors of telomeric C-strand synthesis
    Article Snippet: TMPyP4 (sc-204346, Santa Cruz Biotechnology) and pyridostatin (SML2690, Sigma-Aldrich) were resuspended in 100% DMSO at 10 mg/mL and stored at -20 °C.

    Control:

    Article Title: Small molecule telomerase inhibitors are also potent inhibitors of telomeric C-strand synthesis.
    Article Snippet: TMPyP4 (sc-204346, Santa Cruz Biotechnology) and PDS (SML2690, Sigma-Aldrich) were resuspended in 100% DMSO at 10 mg/mL and stored at −20°C.

    Article Title: Stabilization of RNA G-quadruplexes in the SARS-CoV-2 genome inhibits viral infection via translational suppression.
    Article Snippet: The G-quadruplex (G4) formed in single-stranded DNAs or RNAs plays a key role in diverse biological processes and is considered as a potential antiviral target.. In the genome of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), 25 putative G4-forming sequences are predicted; however, the effects of G4-binding ligands on SARS-CoV-2 replication have not been studied in the context of viral infection.. In this study, we investigated whether G4-ligands suppressed SARSCoV-2 replication and whether their antiviral activity involved stabilization of viral RNA G4s and suppression of viral gene expression.

    Article Title: Small molecule telomerase inhibitors are also potent inhibitors of telomeric C-strand synthesis
    Article Snippet: TMPyP4 (sc-204346, Santa Cruz Biotechnology) and pyridostatin (SML2690, Sigma-Aldrich) were resuspended in 100% DMSO at 10 mg/mL and stored at -20 °C.

    Concentration Assay:

    Article Title: Small molecule telomerase inhibitors are also potent inhibitors of telomeric C-strand synthesis.
    Article Snippet: TMPyP4 (sc-204346, Santa Cruz Biotechnology) and PDS (SML2690, Sigma-Aldrich) were resuspended in 100% DMSO at 10 mg/mL and stored at −20°C.

    Article Title: Stabilization of RNA G-quadruplexes in the SARS-CoV-2 genome inhibits viral infection via translational suppression.
    Article Snippet: The G-quadruplex (G4) formed in single-stranded DNAs or RNAs plays a key role in diverse biological processes and is considered as a potential antiviral target.. In the genome of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), 25 putative G4-forming sequences are predicted; however, the effects of G4-binding ligands on SARS-CoV-2 replication have not been studied in the context of viral infection.. In this study, we investigated whether G4-ligands suppressed SARSCoV-2 replication and whether their antiviral activity involved stabilization of viral RNA G4s and suppression of viral gene expression.

    Article Title: Small molecule telomerase inhibitors are also potent inhibitors of telomeric C-strand synthesis
    Article Snippet: TMPyP4 (sc-204346, Santa Cruz Biotechnology) and pyridostatin (SML2690, Sigma-Aldrich) were resuspended in 100% DMSO at 10 mg/mL and stored at -20 °C.

    Incubation:

    Article Title: Small molecule telomerase inhibitors are also potent inhibitors of telomeric C-strand synthesis.
    Article Snippet: TMPyP4 (sc-204346, Santa Cruz Biotechnology) and PDS (SML2690, Sigma-Aldrich) were resuspended in 100% DMSO at 10 mg/mL and stored at −20°C.

    Article Title: Stabilization of RNA G-quadruplexes in the SARS-CoV-2 genome inhibits viral infection via translational suppression.
    Article Snippet: The G-quadruplex (G4) formed in single-stranded DNAs or RNAs plays a key role in diverse biological processes and is considered as a potential antiviral target.. In the genome of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), 25 putative G4-forming sequences are predicted; however, the effects of G4-binding ligands on SARS-CoV-2 replication have not been studied in the context of viral infection.. In this study, we investigated whether G4-ligands suppressed SARSCoV-2 replication and whether their antiviral activity involved stabilization of viral RNA G4s and suppression of viral gene expression.

    Article Title: Small molecule telomerase inhibitors are also potent inhibitors of telomeric C-strand synthesis
    Article Snippet: TMPyP4 (sc-204346, Santa Cruz Biotechnology) and pyridostatin (SML2690, Sigma-Aldrich) were resuspended in 100% DMSO at 10 mg/mL and stored at -20 °C.

    Binding Assay:

    Article Title: Small molecule telomerase inhibitors are also potent inhibitors of telomeric C-strand synthesis.
    Article Snippet: TMPyP4 (sc-204346, Santa Cruz Biotechnology) and PDS (SML2690, Sigma-Aldrich) were resuspended in 100% DMSO at 10 mg/mL and stored at −20°C.

    Article Title: Stabilization of RNA G-quadruplexes in the SARS-CoV-2 genome inhibits viral infection via translational suppression.
    Article Snippet: The G-quadruplex (G4) formed in single-stranded DNAs or RNAs plays a key role in diverse biological processes and is considered as a potential antiviral target.. In the genome of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), 25 putative G4-forming sequences are predicted; however, the effects of G4-binding ligands on SARS-CoV-2 replication have not been studied in the context of viral infection.. In this study, we investigated whether G4-ligands suppressed SARSCoV-2 replication and whether their antiviral activity involved stabilization of viral RNA G4s and suppression of viral gene expression.

    Article Title: Small molecule telomerase inhibitors are also potent inhibitors of telomeric C-strand synthesis
    Article Snippet: TMPyP4 (sc-204346, Santa Cruz Biotechnology) and pyridostatin (SML2690, Sigma-Aldrich) were resuspended in 100% DMSO at 10 mg/mL and stored at -20 °C.

    Nucleic Acid Electrophoresis:

    Article Title: Small molecule telomerase inhibitors are also potent inhibitors of telomeric C-strand synthesis.
    Article Snippet: TMPyP4 (sc-204346, Santa Cruz Biotechnology) and PDS (SML2690, Sigma-Aldrich) were resuspended in 100% DMSO at 10 mg/mL and stored at −20°C.

    Article Title: Stabilization of RNA G-quadruplexes in the SARS-CoV-2 genome inhibits viral infection via translational suppression.
    Article Snippet: The G-quadruplex (G4) formed in single-stranded DNAs or RNAs plays a key role in diverse biological processes and is considered as a potential antiviral target.. In the genome of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), 25 putative G4-forming sequences are predicted; however, the effects of G4-binding ligands on SARS-CoV-2 replication have not been studied in the context of viral infection.. In this study, we investigated whether G4-ligands suppressed SARSCoV-2 replication and whether their antiviral activity involved stabilization of viral RNA G4s and suppression of viral gene expression.

    Article Title: Small molecule telomerase inhibitors are also potent inhibitors of telomeric C-strand synthesis
    Article Snippet: TMPyP4 (sc-204346, Santa Cruz Biotechnology) and pyridostatin (SML2690, Sigma-Aldrich) were resuspended in 100% DMSO at 10 mg/mL and stored at -20 °C.

    Circular Dichroism:

    Article Title: Small molecule telomerase inhibitors are also potent inhibitors of telomeric C-strand synthesis.
    Article Snippet: TMPyP4 (sc-204346, Santa Cruz Biotechnology) and PDS (SML2690, Sigma-Aldrich) were resuspended in 100% DMSO at 10 mg/mL and stored at −20°C.

    Article Title: Stabilization of RNA G-quadruplexes in the SARS-CoV-2 genome inhibits viral infection via translational suppression.
    Article Snippet: The G-quadruplex (G4) formed in single-stranded DNAs or RNAs plays a key role in diverse biological processes and is considered as a potential antiviral target.. In the genome of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), 25 putative G4-forming sequences are predicted; however, the effects of G4-binding ligands on SARS-CoV-2 replication have not been studied in the context of viral infection.. In this study, we investigated whether G4-ligands suppressed SARSCoV-2 replication and whether their antiviral activity involved stabilization of viral RNA G4s and suppression of viral gene expression.

    Article Title: Small molecule telomerase inhibitors are also potent inhibitors of telomeric C-strand synthesis
    Article Snippet: TMPyP4 (sc-204346, Santa Cruz Biotechnology) and pyridostatin (SML2690, Sigma-Aldrich) were resuspended in 100% DMSO at 10 mg/mL and stored at -20 °C.

    Fluorescence:

    Article Title: Small molecule telomerase inhibitors are also potent inhibitors of telomeric C-strand synthesis.
    Article Snippet: TMPyP4 (sc-204346, Santa Cruz Biotechnology) and PDS (SML2690, Sigma-Aldrich) were resuspended in 100% DMSO at 10 mg/mL and stored at −20°C.

    Article Title: Stabilization of RNA G-quadruplexes in the SARS-CoV-2 genome inhibits viral infection via translational suppression.
    Article Snippet: The G-quadruplex (G4) formed in single-stranded DNAs or RNAs plays a key role in diverse biological processes and is considered as a potential antiviral target.. In the genome of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), 25 putative G4-forming sequences are predicted; however, the effects of G4-binding ligands on SARS-CoV-2 replication have not been studied in the context of viral infection.. In this study, we investigated whether G4-ligands suppressed SARSCoV-2 replication and whether their antiviral activity involved stabilization of viral RNA G4s and suppression of viral gene expression.

    Article Title: Small molecule telomerase inhibitors are also potent inhibitors of telomeric C-strand synthesis
    Article Snippet: TMPyP4 (sc-204346, Santa Cruz Biotechnology) and pyridostatin (SML2690, Sigma-Aldrich) were resuspended in 100% DMSO at 10 mg/mL and stored at -20 °C.

    Blocking Assay:

    Article Title: Small molecule telomerase inhibitors are also potent inhibitors of telomeric C-strand synthesis.
    Article Snippet: TMPyP4 (sc-204346, Santa Cruz Biotechnology) and PDS (SML2690, Sigma-Aldrich) were resuspended in 100% DMSO at 10 mg/mL and stored at −20°C.

    Article Title: Stabilization of RNA G-quadruplexes in the SARS-CoV-2 genome inhibits viral infection via translational suppression.
    Article Snippet: The G-quadruplex (G4) formed in single-stranded DNAs or RNAs plays a key role in diverse biological processes and is considered as a potential antiviral target.. In the genome of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), 25 putative G4-forming sequences are predicted; however, the effects of G4-binding ligands on SARS-CoV-2 replication have not been studied in the context of viral infection.. In this study, we investigated whether G4-ligands suppressed SARSCoV-2 replication and whether their antiviral activity involved stabilization of viral RNA G4s and suppression of viral gene expression.

    Article Title: Small molecule telomerase inhibitors are also potent inhibitors of telomeric C-strand synthesis
    Article Snippet: TMPyP4 (sc-204346, Santa Cruz Biotechnology) and pyridostatin (SML2690, Sigma-Aldrich) were resuspended in 100% DMSO at 10 mg/mL and stored at -20 °C.



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    Image Search Results


    RBM3 PE skipping increases on destabilization of rG4 structures. See also Figure S1 (A) Schematic of the experimental design in i3-neurons to evaluate the effect of TMPyP4 in RBM3 PE inclusion (B) RT-PCR of RBM3 mRNA (Exon 2–4) in i3-neurons at 37°C or 32°C (72h) in the presence of increasing concentration of TMPyP4 (5-200 µM) showing the PE-included (red arrows) and PE-skipped (green arrow) isoforms. (C) Graph showing the PSI values of RBM3 PE which are calculated based on the intensity of PE-included (red arrows) and PE-skipped (green arrow) isoforms from (B). (D) qRT-PCR quantifying the PSI values of RBM3 PE relative to RBM3 mRNA in i3-neurons at 37°C or 32°C (72h) in the presence of increasing concentration of TMPyP4 (5-200 µM). (E) Schematic of the experimental design in HeLa to evaluate the effect of TMPyP4 in RBM3 PE inclusion (top). RT-PCR of RBM3 mRNA (Exon 2–4) in HeLa at 37°C or 32°C (72h) in the presence of increasing concentration of TMPyP4 (5-200 µM) showing the PE-included (red arrows) and PE-skipped (green arrow) isoforms (bottom). (F) Graph showing the PSI values of RBM3 PE which are calculated based on the intensity of PE-included (red arrows) and PE-skipped (green arrow) isoforms from (E). Data information: N = 3 biological replicates. Mean ± SEM; ns (not significant), *(P<0.05), **(P<0.01); ***(P<0.001); one-way ANOVA with multiple comparisons.

    Journal: bioRxiv

    Article Title: RNA secondary structures modulate hnRNPH1-mediated alternative splicing of cold-shock protein RBM3

    doi: 10.64898/2025.12.18.694734

    Figure Lengend Snippet: RBM3 PE skipping increases on destabilization of rG4 structures. See also Figure S1 (A) Schematic of the experimental design in i3-neurons to evaluate the effect of TMPyP4 in RBM3 PE inclusion (B) RT-PCR of RBM3 mRNA (Exon 2–4) in i3-neurons at 37°C or 32°C (72h) in the presence of increasing concentration of TMPyP4 (5-200 µM) showing the PE-included (red arrows) and PE-skipped (green arrow) isoforms. (C) Graph showing the PSI values of RBM3 PE which are calculated based on the intensity of PE-included (red arrows) and PE-skipped (green arrow) isoforms from (B). (D) qRT-PCR quantifying the PSI values of RBM3 PE relative to RBM3 mRNA in i3-neurons at 37°C or 32°C (72h) in the presence of increasing concentration of TMPyP4 (5-200 µM). (E) Schematic of the experimental design in HeLa to evaluate the effect of TMPyP4 in RBM3 PE inclusion (top). RT-PCR of RBM3 mRNA (Exon 2–4) in HeLa at 37°C or 32°C (72h) in the presence of increasing concentration of TMPyP4 (5-200 µM) showing the PE-included (red arrows) and PE-skipped (green arrow) isoforms (bottom). (F) Graph showing the PSI values of RBM3 PE which are calculated based on the intensity of PE-included (red arrows) and PE-skipped (green arrow) isoforms from (E). Data information: N = 3 biological replicates. Mean ± SEM; ns (not significant), *(P<0.05), **(P<0.01); ***(P<0.001); one-way ANOVA with multiple comparisons.

    Article Snippet: After 24h, the medium was replaced with fresh medium containing TMPyP4 (Merck-Sigma) at different concentrations (0, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, or 200 nM).

    Techniques: Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction, Concentration Assay, Quantitative RT-PCR

    Effects of TMPyP4 and TMPyP2 treatments on Thermotoga and Pseudothermotoga growth, protein content, and ribosomal gene expression. ( A ) Schematic representation of the experimental setup, showing treatment with TMPyP4 or TMPyP2 and incubation for 6 and 24 h. ( B ) Bacterial growth measured as OD 600 after 6 and 24 h. ( C ) Total protein content after 6 and 24 h of treatment. Relative expression levels of ribosomal genes 5S ( D ), 16S ( E ), and 23S ( F ) determined by qPCR at 6 and 24 h post-treatment. Data are shown as mean ± standard error (SE). Statistical significance is indicated as * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001 (Student's t test). Abbreviations: mar: T. maritima , elf: T. elfii .

    Journal: Nucleic Acids Research

    Article Title: G-quadruplex structures in 16S rRNA regions correlate with thermal adaptation in prokaryotes

    doi: 10.1093/nar/gkaf042

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of TMPyP4 and TMPyP2 treatments on Thermotoga and Pseudothermotoga growth, protein content, and ribosomal gene expression. ( A ) Schematic representation of the experimental setup, showing treatment with TMPyP4 or TMPyP2 and incubation for 6 and 24 h. ( B ) Bacterial growth measured as OD 600 after 6 and 24 h. ( C ) Total protein content after 6 and 24 h of treatment. Relative expression levels of ribosomal genes 5S ( D ), 16S ( E ), and 23S ( F ) determined by qPCR at 6 and 24 h post-treatment. Data are shown as mean ± standard error (SE). Statistical significance is indicated as * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001 (Student's t test). Abbreviations: mar: T. maritima , elf: T. elfii .

    Article Snippet: To incubate with TMPyP4 (Frontier Scientific, USA), the compound was added to the annealed mixture at a final concentration of 20 μM and incubated overnight at 4°C, after which CD melting tests were conducted.

    Techniques: Expressing, Incubation

    Confirmation of antibacterial activity. A The antibacterial activities of NMM, TMPyP2, BRACO19, TMPyP4, and Thioflavin T against SAUSA300 were examined by measuring cell growth in terms of OD at 600 nm. B, C SAUSA300 cell growth assessed as CFU/mL ( B ); representative sheep-blood agar plates showing the appearance of colonies during CFU enumeration ( C ). D , E Comparative killing kinetics of vancomycin (Van), Tetracycline (Tet), and NMM against SAUSA300 based on CFU/mL at 1.0 × ( D ); and 10 × ( E ) MIC of Van, Tet, NMM, and 0.05% Triton X-100 at different time points (0 to 12 h). F Comparative live/dead assay of SAUSA300 with 1 × MIC of NMM (5 µM) and Van (0.6 µM) using confocal microscopy, showing the proportion of live/dead SAUSA300 cells. SYTO9 and PI were used to stain the number of total and dead cells as green-fluorescent and red-fluorescent cells, respectively. All experiments were performed in triplicate and the average data was plotted with standard deviation. Significance of the data was analyzed using Student’s t -test. p -values less than 0.05 were considered significant (ns = non-significant p > 0.05, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.005, and **** p < 0.0001)

    Journal: Journal of Biomedical Science

    Article Title: Targeting the G-quadruplex as a novel strategy for developing antibiotics against hypervirulent drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

    doi: 10.1186/s12929-024-01109-3

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Confirmation of antibacterial activity. A The antibacterial activities of NMM, TMPyP2, BRACO19, TMPyP4, and Thioflavin T against SAUSA300 were examined by measuring cell growth in terms of OD at 600 nm. B, C SAUSA300 cell growth assessed as CFU/mL ( B ); representative sheep-blood agar plates showing the appearance of colonies during CFU enumeration ( C ). D , E Comparative killing kinetics of vancomycin (Van), Tetracycline (Tet), and NMM against SAUSA300 based on CFU/mL at 1.0 × ( D ); and 10 × ( E ) MIC of Van, Tet, NMM, and 0.05% Triton X-100 at different time points (0 to 12 h). F Comparative live/dead assay of SAUSA300 with 1 × MIC of NMM (5 µM) and Van (0.6 µM) using confocal microscopy, showing the proportion of live/dead SAUSA300 cells. SYTO9 and PI were used to stain the number of total and dead cells as green-fluorescent and red-fluorescent cells, respectively. All experiments were performed in triplicate and the average data was plotted with standard deviation. Significance of the data was analyzed using Student’s t -test. p -values less than 0.05 were considered significant (ns = non-significant p > 0.05, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.005, and **** p < 0.0001)

    Article Snippet: The G4 compounds were procured as BRACO19 trihydrochloride (GC50140, GLPBIO); Quarfloxin or CX-3543 (A12380, AdooQ), TMPyP2 or meso-Tetra (3-pyridyl) porphine (T40846, Frontier Scientific), TMPyP4 tosylate (GC12092, GLPBIO), PDS or Pyridostatin trifluoroacetate salt (18013, Cayman Chemical), PhenDC3 trifluoromethanesulfonate (CS-7711, Chemscene), Thioflavin T (2390-54-7, MedChemExpress), Quinacrine dihydrochloride (69-05-6, MedChemExpress), N-methyl mesoporphyrin IX or NMM (GC44416, GLPBIO), and Quercetin (117-39-5, MedChemExpress) (Fig. S1).

    Techniques: Activity Assay, Live Dead Assay, Confocal Microscopy, Staining, Standard Deviation