Journal: PLoS ONE
Article Title: E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Synoviolin Is Involved in Liver Fibrogenesis
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0013590
Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) The serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were analyzed at 0, 3, 24, 48, and 72 h after CCl 4 administration in the acute hepatic injury model mice. Data are represented as mean ± SEM (n = 4–5 mice per group). Unpaired Student's t -test was used for statistical analysis. *** P <0.001, ** P <0.01. (B) Time-course expression of KLF6, synoviolin, Acta2 (α-SMA), and COL1A1 (collagen I) mRNA in livers inoculated with CCl 4 (black bar) or vehicle (white bar) quantified using real-time RT-PCR. Data are represented as mean ± SEM (n = 4–5 mice per group). The mRNA level was normalized relative to the amount of the transcript of 18S rRNA, a housekeeping gene. Unpaired Student's t -test was used for statistical analysis. *** P <0.001, ** P <0.01, * P <0.05. (C) Immunohistochemical analysis of liver sections of wt mice at 48 h after treatment with CCl 4 (n = 4) or vehicle (n = 5). The expression and localization of synoviolin (arrows, right panel) were analyzed using anti-synoviolin antibodies. Normal IgG antibody was used for the negative control (left panels). Scale bar = 100 µm. (D) Double-labeled fluorescent immunohistochemical analysis of liver sections of wt mice at 48 h after treatment with CCl 4 (n = 4). The nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (Vectashield). The expression and localization of synoviolin (green) and α-SMA (red)—a marker of activated HSCs, were analyzed using anti-synoviolin and α-SMA antibodies. Scale bar = 200 µm. (E) Double-labeled fluorescent immunohistochemical analysis of liver sections of human healthy liver (n = 30) and cirrhotic liver (n = 40) using human tissue array sections. The expression and localization of synoviolin (green label) α-SMA (red label) were analyzed using anti-synoviolin and α-SMA antibodies. Scale bar = 100 µm.
Article Snippet: Pathologically confirmed human liver tissue arrays were obtained from U.S. Biomax (Rockville, MD).
Techniques: Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR, Immunohistochemical staining, Negative Control, Labeling, Marker