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    MedChemExpress tram 34
    Bulk RNA-Seq analysis of RAW 264.7 cells in vitro . (a) Unsupervised hierarchical clustering of DEGs (Log2FC, ∗ p < 0.05) associated with the immune response in RAW 264.7 cells after 14 days across various groups. (b – d) Representative KEGG enrichment analysis of key DEGs associated with biological process (BP), cellular component (CC), and molecular function (MF) in RAW 264.7 cells. (e, f) qRT-PCR validation of canonical M1 and M2 macrophage-specific gene markers expression in various groups at day 14 ( n = 5 each). (g) Unsupervised hierarchical clustering of DEGs (Log2FC, ∗ p < 0.05) associated with ion channel activity in RAW 264.7 cells after 14 days in various groups. (h) Pearson's correlation analysis of key DEGs associated with ion channel activity across groups. (i) Principal component analysis (PCA) analysis of variance in various treatment groups at day 14. (j, k) Fold change expression of Scn1b and KCa3.1 (= Kcnn4 ) (Log2FC, ∗ p < 0.05) associated with ion channel activity ( n = 5 each). (l, m) Representative immunostaining results for KCa3.1 (red) and Scn1b (blue) in various groups at day 14. Scale bar: 10 μm ( n = 5 each). (n, o) Immunostaining results with spatial fluoresence intensities for KCa3.1 and Stat6 in RAW 264.7 after ion channel inhibition using nifedipine (5 μM, L-type Ca 2+ ion channel <t>blocker),</t> <t>TRAM-34</t> (10 μM, Ca 2+ -activated K + blocker), and AS1810722 (10 μM, Stat6 blocker) at day 14. Scale bar: 10 μm. Data reported as mean ± s.d. of replicated experiments ( n = 5 each), statistical significance was considered at ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, ∗∗∗ p < 0.001, and ∗∗∗∗ p < 0.0001 (One-way ANOVA test with Tukey's test post hoc analysis).
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    Images

    1) Product Images from "Ion channel/Stat6-driven nano-immune programming of tissue-resident macrophages by amide-functionalized nanocellulose"

    Article Title: Ion channel/Stat6-driven nano-immune programming of tissue-resident macrophages by amide-functionalized nanocellulose

    Journal: Bioactive Materials

    doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2026.03.038

    Bulk RNA-Seq analysis of RAW 264.7 cells in vitro . (a) Unsupervised hierarchical clustering of DEGs (Log2FC, ∗ p < 0.05) associated with the immune response in RAW 264.7 cells after 14 days across various groups. (b – d) Representative KEGG enrichment analysis of key DEGs associated with biological process (BP), cellular component (CC), and molecular function (MF) in RAW 264.7 cells. (e, f) qRT-PCR validation of canonical M1 and M2 macrophage-specific gene markers expression in various groups at day 14 ( n = 5 each). (g) Unsupervised hierarchical clustering of DEGs (Log2FC, ∗ p < 0.05) associated with ion channel activity in RAW 264.7 cells after 14 days in various groups. (h) Pearson's correlation analysis of key DEGs associated with ion channel activity across groups. (i) Principal component analysis (PCA) analysis of variance in various treatment groups at day 14. (j, k) Fold change expression of Scn1b and KCa3.1 (= Kcnn4 ) (Log2FC, ∗ p < 0.05) associated with ion channel activity ( n = 5 each). (l, m) Representative immunostaining results for KCa3.1 (red) and Scn1b (blue) in various groups at day 14. Scale bar: 10 μm ( n = 5 each). (n, o) Immunostaining results with spatial fluoresence intensities for KCa3.1 and Stat6 in RAW 264.7 after ion channel inhibition using nifedipine (5 μM, L-type Ca 2+ ion channel blocker), TRAM-34 (10 μM, Ca 2+ -activated K + blocker), and AS1810722 (10 μM, Stat6 blocker) at day 14. Scale bar: 10 μm. Data reported as mean ± s.d. of replicated experiments ( n = 5 each), statistical significance was considered at ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, ∗∗∗ p < 0.001, and ∗∗∗∗ p < 0.0001 (One-way ANOVA test with Tukey's test post hoc analysis).
    Figure Legend Snippet: Bulk RNA-Seq analysis of RAW 264.7 cells in vitro . (a) Unsupervised hierarchical clustering of DEGs (Log2FC, ∗ p < 0.05) associated with the immune response in RAW 264.7 cells after 14 days across various groups. (b – d) Representative KEGG enrichment analysis of key DEGs associated with biological process (BP), cellular component (CC), and molecular function (MF) in RAW 264.7 cells. (e, f) qRT-PCR validation of canonical M1 and M2 macrophage-specific gene markers expression in various groups at day 14 ( n = 5 each). (g) Unsupervised hierarchical clustering of DEGs (Log2FC, ∗ p < 0.05) associated with ion channel activity in RAW 264.7 cells after 14 days in various groups. (h) Pearson's correlation analysis of key DEGs associated with ion channel activity across groups. (i) Principal component analysis (PCA) analysis of variance in various treatment groups at day 14. (j, k) Fold change expression of Scn1b and KCa3.1 (= Kcnn4 ) (Log2FC, ∗ p < 0.05) associated with ion channel activity ( n = 5 each). (l, m) Representative immunostaining results for KCa3.1 (red) and Scn1b (blue) in various groups at day 14. Scale bar: 10 μm ( n = 5 each). (n, o) Immunostaining results with spatial fluoresence intensities for KCa3.1 and Stat6 in RAW 264.7 after ion channel inhibition using nifedipine (5 μM, L-type Ca 2+ ion channel blocker), TRAM-34 (10 μM, Ca 2+ -activated K + blocker), and AS1810722 (10 μM, Stat6 blocker) at day 14. Scale bar: 10 μm. Data reported as mean ± s.d. of replicated experiments ( n = 5 each), statistical significance was considered at ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, ∗∗∗ p < 0.001, and ∗∗∗∗ p < 0.0001 (One-way ANOVA test with Tukey's test post hoc analysis).

    Techniques Used: RNA Sequencing, In Vitro, Quantitative RT-PCR, Biomarker Discovery, Expressing, Activity Assay, Immunostaining, Inhibition

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    Article Snippet: .. During this incubation, cells received the following treatments in complete media: 1 nM GSK2193874 (GSK219, MedChemExpress HY-100720) for 1 hr, 5 μM TRAM-34 (MedChemExpress HY-13519) for 1 hr, 50 μM Y-27632 dihydrochloride (ROCK Inhibitor, Sigma Aldrich Y0503) for 1 hr, or Δ74.4 mOsm/L Polyethylene glycol 300 (PEG300, Millipore Sigma 8074845000) for 15 min. For combination treatments, when multiple treatments were performed within the same dish, the first treatment was applied for its full incubation time before addition of the second treatment: order of addition was as follows: 5 μM TRAM-34 followed by Δ74.4 mOsm/L PEG300, 50 μM ROCK Inhibitor followed by Δ74.4 mOsm/L PEG300, 1 nM GSK219 followed by Δ74.4 mOsm/L PEG300, or 1 nM GSK219 followed by 5 μM TRAM-34. ..

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    Article Title: Elevated K Ca 3.1 expression by angiotensin II via the ERK/NF-κB pathway contributes to atrial fibrosis.
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    Article Title: Ion channel/Stat6-driven nano-immune programming of tissue-resident macrophages by amide-functionalized nanocellulose
    Article Snippet: .. For this, the RAW 264.7 cells (∼1.5 × 10 5 /mL/6-well) cultured with a-CNCs (100 μg mL −1 ) and ion channel inhibitors, such as Nifedipine (50 μM, Sigma-Aldrich), TRAM-34 (100 μM, MedChemExpress), and AS1810722 (100 μM, MedChemExpress) for 14 days. ..

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    Bulk RNA-Seq analysis of RAW 264.7 cells in vitro . (a) Unsupervised hierarchical clustering of DEGs (Log2FC, ∗ p < 0.05) associated with the immune response in RAW 264.7 cells after 14 days across various groups. (b – d) Representative KEGG enrichment analysis of key DEGs associated with biological process (BP), cellular component (CC), and molecular function (MF) in RAW 264.7 cells. (e, f) qRT-PCR validation of canonical M1 and M2 macrophage-specific gene markers expression in various groups at day 14 ( n = 5 each). (g) Unsupervised hierarchical clustering of DEGs (Log2FC, ∗ p < 0.05) associated with ion channel activity in RAW 264.7 cells after 14 days in various groups. (h) Pearson's correlation analysis of key DEGs associated with ion channel activity across groups. (i) Principal component analysis (PCA) analysis of variance in various treatment groups at day 14. (j, k) Fold change expression of Scn1b and KCa3.1 (= Kcnn4 ) (Log2FC, ∗ p < 0.05) associated with ion channel activity ( n = 5 each). (l, m) Representative immunostaining results for KCa3.1 (red) and Scn1b (blue) in various groups at day 14. Scale bar: 10 μm ( n = 5 each). (n, o) Immunostaining results with spatial fluoresence intensities for KCa3.1 and Stat6 in RAW 264.7 after ion channel inhibition using nifedipine (5 μM, L-type Ca 2+ ion channel <t>blocker),</t> <t>TRAM-34</t> (10 μM, Ca 2+ -activated K + blocker), and AS1810722 (10 μM, Stat6 blocker) at day 14. Scale bar: 10 μm. Data reported as mean ± s.d. of replicated experiments ( n = 5 each), statistical significance was considered at ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, ∗∗∗ p < 0.001, and ∗∗∗∗ p < 0.0001 (One-way ANOVA test with Tukey's test post hoc analysis).
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    Bulk RNA-Seq analysis of RAW 264.7 cells in vitro . (a) Unsupervised hierarchical clustering of DEGs (Log2FC, ∗ p < 0.05) associated with the immune response in RAW 264.7 cells after 14 days across various groups. (b – d) Representative KEGG enrichment analysis of key DEGs associated with biological process (BP), cellular component (CC), and molecular function (MF) in RAW 264.7 cells. (e, f) qRT-PCR validation of canonical M1 and M2 macrophage-specific gene markers expression in various groups at day 14 ( n = 5 each). (g) Unsupervised hierarchical clustering of DEGs (Log2FC, ∗ p < 0.05) associated with ion channel activity in RAW 264.7 cells after 14 days in various groups. (h) Pearson's correlation analysis of key DEGs associated with ion channel activity across groups. (i) Principal component analysis (PCA) analysis of variance in various treatment groups at day 14. (j, k) Fold change expression of Scn1b and KCa3.1 (= Kcnn4 ) (Log2FC, ∗ p < 0.05) associated with ion channel activity ( n = 5 each). (l, m) Representative immunostaining results for KCa3.1 (red) and Scn1b (blue) in various groups at day 14. Scale bar: 10 μm ( n = 5 each). (n, o) Immunostaining results with spatial fluoresence intensities for KCa3.1 and Stat6 in RAW 264.7 after ion channel inhibition using nifedipine (5 μM, L-type Ca 2+ ion channel <t>blocker),</t> <t>TRAM-34</t> (10 μM, Ca 2+ -activated K + blocker), and AS1810722 (10 μM, Stat6 blocker) at day 14. Scale bar: 10 μm. Data reported as mean ± s.d. of replicated experiments ( n = 5 each), statistical significance was considered at ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, ∗∗∗ p < 0.001, and ∗∗∗∗ p < 0.0001 (One-way ANOVA test with Tukey's test post hoc analysis).
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    K + channel contributions to whole-cell current vary between cells adapted to 5 kPa or 18 kPa O 2 . ( A) Raw current traces under indicated conditions recorded from HUVEC exhibit outward rectifying whole-cell currents. ( B) Comparisons of normalised current amplitudes (relative to current at +50 mV) under indicated conditions show current inhibition relative to basal control from cells cultured at 5 kPa or 18 kPa using 10 mM TEA, 5 μM <t>TRAM-34,</t> 100 nM apamin (5 kPa: Basal vs. TEA: P = 0.0381, Basal vs. TEA + TRAM-34: P = 0.0095, Basal vs. TEA + TRAM-34+apamin: P = 0.0022; 18 kPa: Basal vs. TEA: P = 0.03723, Basal vs. TEA + TRAM-34: P = 0.0076, Basal vs. TEA + TRAM-34+apamin: P = 0.0042; two-way ANOVA, data denote mean ± S.E.M.). ( C ) Steady-state current-voltage (IV) relationships showing differential effects of TEA, TRAM-34 and apamin in HUVEC adapted to either O 2 level (5 kPa O 2 : F Treatment (3, 90) = 49.88, P < 0.0001, F Voltage (12, 90) = 131.0, P < 0.0001; 18 kPa O 2 : F Treatment (3, 104) = 15.50, P < 0.0001, F Voltage (12, 104) = 55.47, P < 0.0001, n = 2–3 cells each, two-way ANOVA, data denote mean (+S.E.M.).
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    Image Search Results


    Bulk RNA-Seq analysis of RAW 264.7 cells in vitro . (a) Unsupervised hierarchical clustering of DEGs (Log2FC, ∗ p < 0.05) associated with the immune response in RAW 264.7 cells after 14 days across various groups. (b – d) Representative KEGG enrichment analysis of key DEGs associated with biological process (BP), cellular component (CC), and molecular function (MF) in RAW 264.7 cells. (e, f) qRT-PCR validation of canonical M1 and M2 macrophage-specific gene markers expression in various groups at day 14 ( n = 5 each). (g) Unsupervised hierarchical clustering of DEGs (Log2FC, ∗ p < 0.05) associated with ion channel activity in RAW 264.7 cells after 14 days in various groups. (h) Pearson's correlation analysis of key DEGs associated with ion channel activity across groups. (i) Principal component analysis (PCA) analysis of variance in various treatment groups at day 14. (j, k) Fold change expression of Scn1b and KCa3.1 (= Kcnn4 ) (Log2FC, ∗ p < 0.05) associated with ion channel activity ( n = 5 each). (l, m) Representative immunostaining results for KCa3.1 (red) and Scn1b (blue) in various groups at day 14. Scale bar: 10 μm ( n = 5 each). (n, o) Immunostaining results with spatial fluoresence intensities for KCa3.1 and Stat6 in RAW 264.7 after ion channel inhibition using nifedipine (5 μM, L-type Ca 2+ ion channel blocker), TRAM-34 (10 μM, Ca 2+ -activated K + blocker), and AS1810722 (10 μM, Stat6 blocker) at day 14. Scale bar: 10 μm. Data reported as mean ± s.d. of replicated experiments ( n = 5 each), statistical significance was considered at ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, ∗∗∗ p < 0.001, and ∗∗∗∗ p < 0.0001 (One-way ANOVA test with Tukey's test post hoc analysis).

    Journal: Bioactive Materials

    Article Title: Ion channel/Stat6-driven nano-immune programming of tissue-resident macrophages by amide-functionalized nanocellulose

    doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2026.03.038

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Bulk RNA-Seq analysis of RAW 264.7 cells in vitro . (a) Unsupervised hierarchical clustering of DEGs (Log2FC, ∗ p < 0.05) associated with the immune response in RAW 264.7 cells after 14 days across various groups. (b – d) Representative KEGG enrichment analysis of key DEGs associated with biological process (BP), cellular component (CC), and molecular function (MF) in RAW 264.7 cells. (e, f) qRT-PCR validation of canonical M1 and M2 macrophage-specific gene markers expression in various groups at day 14 ( n = 5 each). (g) Unsupervised hierarchical clustering of DEGs (Log2FC, ∗ p < 0.05) associated with ion channel activity in RAW 264.7 cells after 14 days in various groups. (h) Pearson's correlation analysis of key DEGs associated with ion channel activity across groups. (i) Principal component analysis (PCA) analysis of variance in various treatment groups at day 14. (j, k) Fold change expression of Scn1b and KCa3.1 (= Kcnn4 ) (Log2FC, ∗ p < 0.05) associated with ion channel activity ( n = 5 each). (l, m) Representative immunostaining results for KCa3.1 (red) and Scn1b (blue) in various groups at day 14. Scale bar: 10 μm ( n = 5 each). (n, o) Immunostaining results with spatial fluoresence intensities for KCa3.1 and Stat6 in RAW 264.7 after ion channel inhibition using nifedipine (5 μM, L-type Ca 2+ ion channel blocker), TRAM-34 (10 μM, Ca 2+ -activated K + blocker), and AS1810722 (10 μM, Stat6 blocker) at day 14. Scale bar: 10 μm. Data reported as mean ± s.d. of replicated experiments ( n = 5 each), statistical significance was considered at ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, ∗∗∗ p < 0.001, and ∗∗∗∗ p < 0.0001 (One-way ANOVA test with Tukey's test post hoc analysis).

    Article Snippet: For this, the RAW 264.7 cells (∼1.5 × 10 5 /mL/6-well) cultured with a-CNCs (100 μg mL −1 ) and ion channel inhibitors, such as Nifedipine (50 μM, Sigma-Aldrich), TRAM-34 (100 μM, MedChemExpress), and AS1810722 (100 μM, MedChemExpress) for 14 days.

    Techniques: RNA Sequencing, In Vitro, Quantitative RT-PCR, Biomarker Discovery, Expressing, Activity Assay, Immunostaining, Inhibition

    K + channel contributions to whole-cell current vary between cells adapted to 5 kPa or 18 kPa O 2 . ( A) Raw current traces under indicated conditions recorded from HUVEC exhibit outward rectifying whole-cell currents. ( B) Comparisons of normalised current amplitudes (relative to current at +50 mV) under indicated conditions show current inhibition relative to basal control from cells cultured at 5 kPa or 18 kPa using 10 mM TEA, 5 μM TRAM-34, 100 nM apamin (5 kPa: Basal vs. TEA: P = 0.0381, Basal vs. TEA + TRAM-34: P = 0.0095, Basal vs. TEA + TRAM-34+apamin: P = 0.0022; 18 kPa: Basal vs. TEA: P = 0.03723, Basal vs. TEA + TRAM-34: P = 0.0076, Basal vs. TEA + TRAM-34+apamin: P = 0.0042; two-way ANOVA, data denote mean ± S.E.M.). ( C ) Steady-state current-voltage (IV) relationships showing differential effects of TEA, TRAM-34 and apamin in HUVEC adapted to either O 2 level (5 kPa O 2 : F Treatment (3, 90) = 49.88, P < 0.0001, F Voltage (12, 90) = 131.0, P < 0.0001; 18 kPa O 2 : F Treatment (3, 104) = 15.50, P < 0.0001, F Voltage (12, 104) = 55.47, P < 0.0001, n = 2–3 cells each, two-way ANOVA, data denote mean (+S.E.M.).

    Journal: Redox Biology

    Article Title: Physiological oxygen levels reset K + channel activity in human vascular endothelial cells

    doi: 10.1016/j.redox.2025.103981

    Figure Lengend Snippet: K + channel contributions to whole-cell current vary between cells adapted to 5 kPa or 18 kPa O 2 . ( A) Raw current traces under indicated conditions recorded from HUVEC exhibit outward rectifying whole-cell currents. ( B) Comparisons of normalised current amplitudes (relative to current at +50 mV) under indicated conditions show current inhibition relative to basal control from cells cultured at 5 kPa or 18 kPa using 10 mM TEA, 5 μM TRAM-34, 100 nM apamin (5 kPa: Basal vs. TEA: P = 0.0381, Basal vs. TEA + TRAM-34: P = 0.0095, Basal vs. TEA + TRAM-34+apamin: P = 0.0022; 18 kPa: Basal vs. TEA: P = 0.03723, Basal vs. TEA + TRAM-34: P = 0.0076, Basal vs. TEA + TRAM-34+apamin: P = 0.0042; two-way ANOVA, data denote mean ± S.E.M.). ( C ) Steady-state current-voltage (IV) relationships showing differential effects of TEA, TRAM-34 and apamin in HUVEC adapted to either O 2 level (5 kPa O 2 : F Treatment (3, 90) = 49.88, P < 0.0001, F Voltage (12, 90) = 131.0, P < 0.0001; 18 kPa O 2 : F Treatment (3, 104) = 15.50, P < 0.0001, F Voltage (12, 104) = 55.47, P < 0.0001, n = 2–3 cells each, two-way ANOVA, data denote mean (+S.E.M.).

    Article Snippet: TRAM-34 (5 μM) was from Cambridge Bioscience Ltd, UK.

    Techniques: Inhibition, Control, Cell Culture

    K + channel contributions to whole-cell current vary between cells adapted to 5 kPa or 18 kPa O 2 . ( A) Raw current traces under indicated conditions recorded from hCMEC/D3 cells exhibit outward rectifying whole-cell currents. ( B ) Comparisons of normalised current amplitudes (relative to current at +50 mV) under indicated conditions show current inhibition relative to basal control from cells cultured at 5 kPa or 18 kPa using 10 mM TEA, 5 μM TRAM-34, 100 nM apamin (5 kPa: Basal vs. TEA: P = 0.0375, Basal vs. TEA + TRAM-34: P = 0.0013, Basal vs. TEA + TRAM-34+apamin: P < 0.0001; 18 kPa: Basal vs. +TEA + TRAM-34+apamin: P = 0.0244, two-way ANOVA, data denote mean ± S.E.M.). ( C ) Steady-state current-voltage (IV) relationships showing differential effects of TEA, TRAM-34 and apamin in hCMEC/D3 cells adapted to either O 2 level (5 kPa O 2 : F Treatment (3, 102) = 173.0, P < 0.0001, F Voltage (12, 102) = 131.4, P < 0.0001; 18 kPa O 2 : F Treatment (3, 103) = 14.96, P < 0.0001, F Voltage (12, 103) = 38.59, P < 0.0001, n = 3 cells each, two-way ANOVA, data denote mean (+S.E.M.).

    Journal: Redox Biology

    Article Title: Physiological oxygen levels reset K + channel activity in human vascular endothelial cells

    doi: 10.1016/j.redox.2025.103981

    Figure Lengend Snippet: K + channel contributions to whole-cell current vary between cells adapted to 5 kPa or 18 kPa O 2 . ( A) Raw current traces under indicated conditions recorded from hCMEC/D3 cells exhibit outward rectifying whole-cell currents. ( B ) Comparisons of normalised current amplitudes (relative to current at +50 mV) under indicated conditions show current inhibition relative to basal control from cells cultured at 5 kPa or 18 kPa using 10 mM TEA, 5 μM TRAM-34, 100 nM apamin (5 kPa: Basal vs. TEA: P = 0.0375, Basal vs. TEA + TRAM-34: P = 0.0013, Basal vs. TEA + TRAM-34+apamin: P < 0.0001; 18 kPa: Basal vs. +TEA + TRAM-34+apamin: P = 0.0244, two-way ANOVA, data denote mean ± S.E.M.). ( C ) Steady-state current-voltage (IV) relationships showing differential effects of TEA, TRAM-34 and apamin in hCMEC/D3 cells adapted to either O 2 level (5 kPa O 2 : F Treatment (3, 102) = 173.0, P < 0.0001, F Voltage (12, 102) = 131.4, P < 0.0001; 18 kPa O 2 : F Treatment (3, 103) = 14.96, P < 0.0001, F Voltage (12, 103) = 38.59, P < 0.0001, n = 3 cells each, two-way ANOVA, data denote mean (+S.E.M.).

    Article Snippet: TRAM-34 (5 μM) was from Cambridge Bioscience Ltd, UK.

    Techniques: Inhibition, Control, Cell Culture