ghrelin  (Tocris)

Journal: Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)

Article Title: Nose‐to‐Brain Delivery of Acyl‐Ghrelin Peptide Gold Nanoconjugates for Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases

doi: 10.1002/smll.202504517

Figure Lengend Snippet: Schematic illustration representing ghrelin‐PEG‐AuNR conjugation. The carboxyl groups in the C‐terminus or glutamic acid residues at positions 8 and 17 in acyl‐ghrelin are the potential targeted sites for NH 2 ‐PEG‐SH conjugation. Reaction conditions were optimized to favor the formation of mono‐PEG substituted ghrelin at its C‐terminus.

Article Snippet: Rat/Mouse Ghrelin (Total) ELISA kits and Rat/Mouse Ghrelin (Active) ELISA kits were purchased from Merck Life Science (UK).

Techniques: Conjugation Assay

Journal: Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)

Article Title: Nose‐to‐Brain Delivery of Acyl‐Ghrelin Peptide Gold Nanoconjugates for Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases

doi: 10.1002/smll.202504517

Figure Lengend Snippet: Optimization of ghrelin‐PEG‐SH synthesis reaction conditions. A) SDS‐PAGE analysis of the reaction mixture containing 10 µg ghrelin by Western blotting analysis and B) iodine staining confirmed that a ghrelin‐to‐NH 2 ‐PEG‐SH molar ratio of 1:1 resulted in the highest yield of monofunctionalized ghrelin‐PEG, (ghrelin‐(PEG‐SH) 1 ).

Article Snippet: Rat/Mouse Ghrelin (Total) ELISA kits and Rat/Mouse Ghrelin (Active) ELISA kits were purchased from Merck Life Science (UK).

Techniques: SDS Page, Western Blot, Staining

Journal: Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)

Article Title: Nose‐to‐Brain Delivery of Acyl‐Ghrelin Peptide Gold Nanoconjugates for Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases

doi: 10.1002/smll.202504517

Figure Lengend Snippet: Physicochemical properties and biological evaluation of ghrelin‐PEG‐AuNRs and their precursors. A) Nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering. B) Dot blot immunostaining. C) 1 H NMR spectra analysis confirming the presence of PEG and ghrelin on AuNRs. D) Cytotoxicity of the AuNRs constructs in SN4741 cells at the 24 h timepoint using the modified LDH assay. Data is expressed as mean ± SD, n = 5. Altogether, ghrelin‐PEG‐AuNRs were successfully synthesized and demonstrated improved biocompatibility compared to as‐synthesized AuNRs.

Article Snippet: Rat/Mouse Ghrelin (Total) ELISA kits and Rat/Mouse Ghrelin (Active) ELISA kits were purchased from Merck Life Science (UK).

Techniques: Transmission Assay, Electron Microscopy, Dot Blot, Immunostaining, Construct, Modification, Lactate Dehydrogenase Assay, Synthesized

Journal: Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)

Article Title: Nose‐to‐Brain Delivery of Acyl‐Ghrelin Peptide Gold Nanoconjugates for Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases

doi: 10.1002/smll.202504517

Figure Lengend Snippet: Brain uptake and bioactivity of ghrelin‐PEG‐AuNRs after intranasal administration. C57BL/6 mice were intranasally administered with ghrelin‐PEG‐AuNRs at A) 10 or 20 µg ghrelin equivalent and sacrificed at 10 min post‐administration or B) 10 µg ghrelin equivalent and sacrificed at 10, 30, or 60 min post‐administration. Tissue lysates were analyzed using the total or active ELISA kits for quantification of total and acyl‐ghrelin, respectively. C) Ghrelin‐PEG‐AuNRs induced AMPK phosphorylation at 30 and 60 min post‐administration as evidenced by the representative Western blot images of pAMPKα and AMPKα and quantification of pAMPKα/AMPKα levels in brain lysates. Values were expressed as mean ± SD, n = 3. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01.

Article Snippet: Rat/Mouse Ghrelin (Total) ELISA kits and Rat/Mouse Ghrelin (Active) ELISA kits were purchased from Merck Life Science (UK).

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Phospho-proteomics, Western Blot