Journal: Biosensors
Article Title: Electrochemical Detection of Neuronal Injury in Cell Culture Samples: A Cost-Effective Biosensor for Neurofilament Light Sensing
doi: 10.3390/bios16040212
Figure Lengend Snippet: ( A ) A brightfield (BF) image of the neuronal culture on day 7, showing established cellular density and neurite outgrowth. Scale bar = 100 μm. ( B ) Immunofluorescence images of the culture at the same time point. From left to right: NfL (green) highlighting axonal structures; DAPI (blue) indicating nuclear localisation; and a merged overlay. Scale bar = 100 μm. ( C ) NfL concentration in the samples, collected at various time points (10 min, 60 min, 24 h) following drug administration, measured by ELISA. Cells were treated with staurosporine (100k cells per well) or NMDA (100k, 150k, 250k cells per well). Data are represented as the mean. All points beyond 400 pg mL −1 of NfL are estimated. ( D ) Tukey’s box plots of the S norm obtained by CV (red, left y -axis), EIS (orange), and CA (blue; both on the right y -axis) for blanks in two matrices—PBS and BP—and three groups of cell culture samples (at low, medium, and high concentration) in BP; separated data points were considered outliers.
Article Snippet: N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) was obtained from Tocris Bioscience (Bristol, UK).
Techniques: Immunofluorescence, Concentration Assay, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Cell Culture