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dynamin related protein 1 drp1 inhibitor mdivi 1  (MedChemExpress)


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    Structured Review

    MedChemExpress dynamin related protein 1 drp1 inhibitor mdivi 1
    USP18 aggravates cardiac I/R injury through regulation of mitochondria and inhibition of mitophagy. a Electron microscopy image showing mitophagy in USP18-cKO mouse hearts ( n= 5). Scale bar=3 μm. White arrowheads indicate sites of mitophagy. b Protein levels of PINK1, Parkin, ubiquitinated proteins (Ub), P62, and LC3II in mitochondria from heart tissue in USP18-cKO and WT mice 24 h after I/R injury ( n =4). c Electron microscopy image showing mitophagy in USP18-overexpres (OV) mouse hearts ( n =5). Scale bar=3 μm. White arrowheads indicate sites of mitophagy. d Protein levels of PINK1, Parkin, Ub, P62, and LC3II proteins in mitochondria from the heart tissue of USP18-OV mice 24 h after I/R injury ( n =4). Color shift in mitophagy dye (red) and lysosomal dye (green) in NRVMs showing mitophagy in NRVMs with USP18 siRNA transfection ( e ) or Ad-USP18 infection ( f ) and the quantitative mitophagy index in each group ( n= 5). Scale bar=9 μm. Protein levels of PINK1, Parkin, Ub, P62, and LC3II in mitochondria from NRVMs transfected with USP18 siRNA ( g ) or infected with Ad-USP18 ( h ). ⁎⁎ P <0.01, ⁎⁎⁎ P <0.001 ⁎⁎⁎⁎ P <0.0001. USP18. Ubiquitin-specific protease 18; I/R. Ischemia/reperfusion; WT. Wild-type; KO. Knockout; P62. Sequestosome 1; LC3. Microtubule-associated <t>protein</t> <t>1</t> light chain 3; VDAC. Voltage-dependent anion channel.
    Dynamin Related Protein 1 Drp1 Inhibitor Mdivi 1, supplied by MedChemExpress, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 99/100, based on 431 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/mdivi+1/Mdivi-1/pmc13054580-59-5-15
    Average 99 stars, based on 431 article reviews
    dynamin related protein 1 drp1 inhibitor mdivi 1 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-09
    99/100 stars

    Images

    1) Product Images from "USP18 exacerbates myocardial I/R injury by inhibiting Parkin mitophagy through the deubiquitinase PTEN-L"

    Article Title: USP18 exacerbates myocardial I/R injury by inhibiting Parkin mitophagy through the deubiquitinase PTEN-L

    Journal: Military Medical Research

    doi: 10.1016/j.mmr.2026.100004

    USP18 aggravates cardiac I/R injury through regulation of mitochondria and inhibition of mitophagy. a Electron microscopy image showing mitophagy in USP18-cKO mouse hearts ( n= 5). Scale bar=3 μm. White arrowheads indicate sites of mitophagy. b Protein levels of PINK1, Parkin, ubiquitinated proteins (Ub), P62, and LC3II in mitochondria from heart tissue in USP18-cKO and WT mice 24 h after I/R injury ( n =4). c Electron microscopy image showing mitophagy in USP18-overexpres (OV) mouse hearts ( n =5). Scale bar=3 μm. White arrowheads indicate sites of mitophagy. d Protein levels of PINK1, Parkin, Ub, P62, and LC3II proteins in mitochondria from the heart tissue of USP18-OV mice 24 h after I/R injury ( n =4). Color shift in mitophagy dye (red) and lysosomal dye (green) in NRVMs showing mitophagy in NRVMs with USP18 siRNA transfection ( e ) or Ad-USP18 infection ( f ) and the quantitative mitophagy index in each group ( n= 5). Scale bar=9 μm. Protein levels of PINK1, Parkin, Ub, P62, and LC3II in mitochondria from NRVMs transfected with USP18 siRNA ( g ) or infected with Ad-USP18 ( h ). ⁎⁎ P <0.01, ⁎⁎⁎ P <0.001 ⁎⁎⁎⁎ P <0.0001. USP18. Ubiquitin-specific protease 18; I/R. Ischemia/reperfusion; WT. Wild-type; KO. Knockout; P62. Sequestosome 1; LC3. Microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3; VDAC. Voltage-dependent anion channel.
    Figure Legend Snippet: USP18 aggravates cardiac I/R injury through regulation of mitochondria and inhibition of mitophagy. a Electron microscopy image showing mitophagy in USP18-cKO mouse hearts ( n= 5). Scale bar=3 μm. White arrowheads indicate sites of mitophagy. b Protein levels of PINK1, Parkin, ubiquitinated proteins (Ub), P62, and LC3II in mitochondria from heart tissue in USP18-cKO and WT mice 24 h after I/R injury ( n =4). c Electron microscopy image showing mitophagy in USP18-overexpres (OV) mouse hearts ( n =5). Scale bar=3 μm. White arrowheads indicate sites of mitophagy. d Protein levels of PINK1, Parkin, Ub, P62, and LC3II proteins in mitochondria from the heart tissue of USP18-OV mice 24 h after I/R injury ( n =4). Color shift in mitophagy dye (red) and lysosomal dye (green) in NRVMs showing mitophagy in NRVMs with USP18 siRNA transfection ( e ) or Ad-USP18 infection ( f ) and the quantitative mitophagy index in each group ( n= 5). Scale bar=9 μm. Protein levels of PINK1, Parkin, Ub, P62, and LC3II in mitochondria from NRVMs transfected with USP18 siRNA ( g ) or infected with Ad-USP18 ( h ). ⁎⁎ P <0.01, ⁎⁎⁎ P <0.001 ⁎⁎⁎⁎ P <0.0001. USP18. Ubiquitin-specific protease 18; I/R. Ischemia/reperfusion; WT. Wild-type; KO. Knockout; P62. Sequestosome 1; LC3. Microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3; VDAC. Voltage-dependent anion channel.

    Techniques Used: Inhibition, Electron Microscopy, Transfection, Infection, Ubiquitin Proteomics, Knock-Out

    Related Articles

    Staining:

    Article Title: Psoralen enhances direct cardiac reprogramming via activating PPARα and driving mitochondrial fission and improves cardiac function after myocardial infarction.
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    cDNA Synthesis:

    Article Title: Psoralen enhances direct cardiac reprogramming via activating PPARα and driving mitochondrial fission and improves cardiac function after myocardial infarction.
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    Western Blot:

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    Bicinchoninic Acid Protein Assay:

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    CCK-8 Assay:

    Article Title: Psoralen enhances direct cardiac reprogramming via activating PPARα and driving mitochondrial fission and improves cardiac function after myocardial infarction.
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    Article Title: Yiqi Huoxue Jiedu formula protects against sepsis-associated lung injury by modulating macrophage mitophagy and mtDNA-STING signaling.
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    Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction:

    Article Title: Psoralen enhances direct cardiac reprogramming via activating PPARα and driving mitochondrial fission and improves cardiac function after myocardial infarction.
    Article Snippet: MATERIALS AND METHODS Reagents The materials used included: DMEM/F12 (1:1) basal medium (1X) (Gibco, 6123073), DMEM basic medium (1X) (Gibco, 6125275), fetal bovine serum (FBS, Procell, 164210-50), MEM non-essential amino acid (Servicebio, G4219), Sodium L-Ascorbyl-2-Phosphate (OriLeaf, S67343), Insulin-Transferrin-Selenium (ITS) G supplement (Servicebio, G4028), Cardiac Troponin T Polyclonal antibody (Protientech, 15513-1-AP), Alpha Actin Polyclonal antibody (Protientech, 23660-1-AP), Beta-actin polyclonal antibody (Protientech, 20536-1-AP), PPARA Monoclonal antibody (Protientech, 66826-1-Ig), RXRG Polyclonal antibody (Protientech, 11129-1-AP), UCP1 Polyclonal antibody (Protientech, 23673-1-AP) , DRP1 (C-terminal) Polyclonal antibody (Protientech, 12957-1-AP), FIS1 Polyclonal antibody (Protientech, 10956-1-AP), DRP1 (phospho S616) Monoclonal antibody (abcam, ab314755), Alexa Fluor 594-labeled goat anti-rabbit IgG (Servicebio, GB28301), Alexa Fluor 488-labeled goat anti-rabbit IgG (Servicebio, GB25303), Alexa Fluor 488-labeled goat anti-mouse IgG .. AR TIC LE IN PR ES S ARTICLE IN PRESS (Servicebio, GB25301), DAPI staining reagent (Servicebio, G1012), Fluo-4 AM (ThermoFisher, F14201) , Mito-Tracker Red CMXRos (Beyotime, C1035), Hoechst 33342 (Solarbio, B8040), First Strand cDNA Synthesis Kit (RNase H minus, Beyotime, D7168M), RepSox (GLPBIO, GC16793), Forskolin (GLPBIO, GC11920), Psr (Beijing Bethealth People Biomedical Technology Co.,Ltd, 23010802), One-Step Western Kit HRP (CWBio, CW2029M), high-strength RIPA buffer (Solarbio, R0010-20ml), BCA Protein Assay Kit (Solarbio, PC0020), SuperSignalTM West Pico PLUS Chemiluminescent Substrate (Thermo Fisher Scientific, 34577), Cell Counting Kit-8 (Beyotime, C0038), Mdivi-1 (MedChemExpress, HY-15886), and qPCR SYBR Green Master Mix (High Rox Plus, Yeasen, 11203ES08). .. Primers were synthesized by Sangon Biotech.

    SYBR Green Assay:

    Article Title: Psoralen enhances direct cardiac reprogramming via activating PPARα and driving mitochondrial fission and improves cardiac function after myocardial infarction.
    Article Snippet: MATERIALS AND METHODS Reagents The materials used included: DMEM/F12 (1:1) basal medium (1X) (Gibco, 6123073), DMEM basic medium (1X) (Gibco, 6125275), fetal bovine serum (FBS, Procell, 164210-50), MEM non-essential amino acid (Servicebio, G4219), Sodium L-Ascorbyl-2-Phosphate (OriLeaf, S67343), Insulin-Transferrin-Selenium (ITS) G supplement (Servicebio, G4028), Cardiac Troponin T Polyclonal antibody (Protientech, 15513-1-AP), Alpha Actin Polyclonal antibody (Protientech, 23660-1-AP), Beta-actin polyclonal antibody (Protientech, 20536-1-AP), PPARA Monoclonal antibody (Protientech, 66826-1-Ig), RXRG Polyclonal antibody (Protientech, 11129-1-AP), UCP1 Polyclonal antibody (Protientech, 23673-1-AP) , DRP1 (C-terminal) Polyclonal antibody (Protientech, 12957-1-AP), FIS1 Polyclonal antibody (Protientech, 10956-1-AP), DRP1 (phospho S616) Monoclonal antibody (abcam, ab314755), Alexa Fluor 594-labeled goat anti-rabbit IgG (Servicebio, GB28301), Alexa Fluor 488-labeled goat anti-rabbit IgG (Servicebio, GB25303), Alexa Fluor 488-labeled goat anti-mouse IgG .. AR TIC LE IN PR ES S ARTICLE IN PRESS (Servicebio, GB25301), DAPI staining reagent (Servicebio, G1012), Fluo-4 AM (ThermoFisher, F14201) , Mito-Tracker Red CMXRos (Beyotime, C1035), Hoechst 33342 (Solarbio, B8040), First Strand cDNA Synthesis Kit (RNase H minus, Beyotime, D7168M), RepSox (GLPBIO, GC16793), Forskolin (GLPBIO, GC11920), Psr (Beijing Bethealth People Biomedical Technology Co.,Ltd, 23010802), One-Step Western Kit HRP (CWBio, CW2029M), high-strength RIPA buffer (Solarbio, R0010-20ml), BCA Protein Assay Kit (Solarbio, PC0020), SuperSignalTM West Pico PLUS Chemiluminescent Substrate (Thermo Fisher Scientific, 34577), Cell Counting Kit-8 (Beyotime, C0038), Mdivi-1 (MedChemExpress, HY-15886), and qPCR SYBR Green Master Mix (High Rox Plus, Yeasen, 11203ES08). .. Primers were synthesized by Sangon Biotech.

    Article Title: Yiqi Huoxue Jiedu formula protects against sepsis-associated lung injury by modulating macrophage mitophagy and mtDNA-STING signaling.
    Article Snippet: .. The materials and instruments used in this study were as follows: RPMI-1640 (Gibco, C11875500BT); Fetal bovine serum (Gibco, A5669701); β-mercaptoethanol (ECODOP, ED-9153); Penicillin–streptomycin (Gibco, 15,140– 122); Cell Counting Kit-8 solution (NCM, C6005); JC-1 Assay Kit (Beyotime, C2003S); ROS Assay Kit (Elabscience, E-BC-K138-F); ATP Assay Kit (Beyotime, S0026); Mdivi-1 (MedChemExpress, HY-15886); Urolithin A (MedChemExpress, HY-100599); Lpopolysaccharide (LPS) (Sigma, batch number L2630); BCA Protein Assay Kit (Thermo Scientific, batch number 23225); Protease inhibitor and phosphatase inhibitor (Roche, batch numbers 05892791001 and 04906837001, respectively); Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining kit (Leigen, batch number DH0006); Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits for IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β (Cusabio, batch numbers E04639m, E04741m, and E08054m, respectively); Annexin V-FITC/PI Apoptosis Detection Kit (KGA1102); SteadyPure Universal RNA Extraction Kit, Evo M-MLV Reverse Transcription Premix Kit, and SYBR Green Pro Taq HS Premixed qRT-PCR Kit (AG, batch numbers AG21017, AG11728, and AG11718, respectively); HRP-conjugated goat anti-rabbit and anti-mouse secondary antibodies (CST, 7074S and 7076S); p62 and cGAS (CST, 23214, 31659 T); Phosphorylated STING (p-STING), Phosphorylated TANK-binding kinase 1 (p-TBK1); TBK1, Phosphorylated interferon regulatory factor 3 (p-IRF3), and mitochondrial transcription factor antibodies (Affinity, batch numbers AF7416, AF8109, AF8190, AF2436, and AF0531, respectively); Translocase of the outer membrane 20 (TOM20) and STING antibodies (Proteintech, batch numbers 11802-1-AP and 19851- 1-AP, respectively). .. Transwell insert (0.4 μm; Corning), Multifunctional microplate reader (M1000pro, Tecan); Electrophoresis apparatus (041BR92965, Bio-Rad); Protein blot imaging system (ChemiDoc MP, Bio-Rad); Gradient polymerase chain reaction (PCR) instrument (T100, Bio-Rad); Fluorescent quantitative PCR instrument (ViiA7, ABI); Automated inverted fluorescence microscope system (Ti2-E, Nikon).

    other:

    Article Title: Loss of Rab8a‐Dependent Tethering of Lipid Droplets to Mitochondria Contributes to Hypoxia–Reoxygenation Injury
    Article Snippet: The following chemicals, dyes, and antibodies were used: 100 nM rapamycin (Sigma; R8781), 50 μM CQ (Sigma; C6628), 50 μM Baf (Sigma; 196000), 100 μM Para (Sigma; 36186), 10 μM Lalistat 1 (Med Chem Express; HY‐116815), 60 μM etomoxir (Sigma; 236020),1 μM MDIVI‐1 (Med Chem Express; HY‐15886), 20 μM Compound C (Sigma; 171260), 100 nM ALY688 (Allysta Pharmaceutical), 1 mM BODIPY 558/568 C12 (Thermo; D3835), 10 mM BODIPY 493/503 (Thermo; D3922), 100 nM MitoTracker Red (Thermo; M22425 ), 100 nM MitoTracker Green (Thermo; M7514), 300 nM Hoechst (Thermo; H10325 ), GAPDH (Thermo Fisher; MA5‐15738), β‐tubulin (Cell Signaling; 2128), Rab8a (BD Science; 610844), PLIN2 (Proteintech; 60340), PLIN5 (Proteintech; 26951), LC3 (Cell Signaling; 2775), p62 (Cell Signaling; 5114), HIF1⍺ (Cell Signaling; 79233), CPT1⍺ (Proteintech; 15184‐1‐AP), Tom20 (Proteintech; 66777), VDAC (Cell Signaling; 4661), P‐DRP1 Ser616 (Cell Signaling; 3455), P‐DRP1 Ser637 (Cell Signaling; 4867), Parkin (Proteintech; 66674), MFF (Cell Signaling; 84580), Mitofusin 2 (Cell Signaling; 9482), anti‐rabbit (Cell Signaling; 7074), and anti‐mouse (Cell Signaling; 7076).

    Article Title: Paeoniflorin Ameliorates Liver Fibrosis by Inhibiting HIF-1α-Mediated Mitophagy in Hepatic Stellate Cells.
    Article Snippet: Paeoniflorin (PF) has exhibited significant antihepatic fibrosis potential, yet its precise pharmacological mechanisms and molecular targets remain to be fully elucidated.. This study aims to investigate the role of PF in modulating HIF1αmediated mitophagy both in vivo and in vitro, thereby elucidating its impact on liver fibrosis.. The rat model of hepatic toxicity and chronic inflammation was established via CCl4 injection, followed by preventive administration of PF in three dosage tiers (100, 150, 200 mg/kg/d).

    ROS Assay:

    Article Title: Yiqi Huoxue Jiedu formula protects against sepsis-associated lung injury by modulating macrophage mitophagy and mtDNA-STING signaling.
    Article Snippet: .. The materials and instruments used in this study were as follows: RPMI-1640 (Gibco, C11875500BT); Fetal bovine serum (Gibco, A5669701); β-mercaptoethanol (ECODOP, ED-9153); Penicillin–streptomycin (Gibco, 15,140– 122); Cell Counting Kit-8 solution (NCM, C6005); JC-1 Assay Kit (Beyotime, C2003S); ROS Assay Kit (Elabscience, E-BC-K138-F); ATP Assay Kit (Beyotime, S0026); Mdivi-1 (MedChemExpress, HY-15886); Urolithin A (MedChemExpress, HY-100599); Lpopolysaccharide (LPS) (Sigma, batch number L2630); BCA Protein Assay Kit (Thermo Scientific, batch number 23225); Protease inhibitor and phosphatase inhibitor (Roche, batch numbers 05892791001 and 04906837001, respectively); Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining kit (Leigen, batch number DH0006); Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits for IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β (Cusabio, batch numbers E04639m, E04741m, and E08054m, respectively); Annexin V-FITC/PI Apoptosis Detection Kit (KGA1102); SteadyPure Universal RNA Extraction Kit, Evo M-MLV Reverse Transcription Premix Kit, and SYBR Green Pro Taq HS Premixed qRT-PCR Kit (AG, batch numbers AG21017, AG11728, and AG11718, respectively); HRP-conjugated goat anti-rabbit and anti-mouse secondary antibodies (CST, 7074S and 7076S); p62 and cGAS (CST, 23214, 31659 T); Phosphorylated STING (p-STING), Phosphorylated TANK-binding kinase 1 (p-TBK1); TBK1, Phosphorylated interferon regulatory factor 3 (p-IRF3), and mitochondrial transcription factor antibodies (Affinity, batch numbers AF7416, AF8109, AF8190, AF2436, and AF0531, respectively); Translocase of the outer membrane 20 (TOM20) and STING antibodies (Proteintech, batch numbers 11802-1-AP and 19851- 1-AP, respectively). .. Transwell insert (0.4 μm; Corning), Multifunctional microplate reader (M1000pro, Tecan); Electrophoresis apparatus (041BR92965, Bio-Rad); Protein blot imaging system (ChemiDoc MP, Bio-Rad); Gradient polymerase chain reaction (PCR) instrument (T100, Bio-Rad); Fluorescent quantitative PCR instrument (ViiA7, ABI); Automated inverted fluorescence microscope system (Ti2-E, Nikon).

    ATP Assay:

    Article Title: Yiqi Huoxue Jiedu formula protects against sepsis-associated lung injury by modulating macrophage mitophagy and mtDNA-STING signaling.
    Article Snippet: .. The materials and instruments used in this study were as follows: RPMI-1640 (Gibco, C11875500BT); Fetal bovine serum (Gibco, A5669701); β-mercaptoethanol (ECODOP, ED-9153); Penicillin–streptomycin (Gibco, 15,140– 122); Cell Counting Kit-8 solution (NCM, C6005); JC-1 Assay Kit (Beyotime, C2003S); ROS Assay Kit (Elabscience, E-BC-K138-F); ATP Assay Kit (Beyotime, S0026); Mdivi-1 (MedChemExpress, HY-15886); Urolithin A (MedChemExpress, HY-100599); Lpopolysaccharide (LPS) (Sigma, batch number L2630); BCA Protein Assay Kit (Thermo Scientific, batch number 23225); Protease inhibitor and phosphatase inhibitor (Roche, batch numbers 05892791001 and 04906837001, respectively); Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining kit (Leigen, batch number DH0006); Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits for IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β (Cusabio, batch numbers E04639m, E04741m, and E08054m, respectively); Annexin V-FITC/PI Apoptosis Detection Kit (KGA1102); SteadyPure Universal RNA Extraction Kit, Evo M-MLV Reverse Transcription Premix Kit, and SYBR Green Pro Taq HS Premixed qRT-PCR Kit (AG, batch numbers AG21017, AG11728, and AG11718, respectively); HRP-conjugated goat anti-rabbit and anti-mouse secondary antibodies (CST, 7074S and 7076S); p62 and cGAS (CST, 23214, 31659 T); Phosphorylated STING (p-STING), Phosphorylated TANK-binding kinase 1 (p-TBK1); TBK1, Phosphorylated interferon regulatory factor 3 (p-IRF3), and mitochondrial transcription factor antibodies (Affinity, batch numbers AF7416, AF8109, AF8190, AF2436, and AF0531, respectively); Translocase of the outer membrane 20 (TOM20) and STING antibodies (Proteintech, batch numbers 11802-1-AP and 19851- 1-AP, respectively). .. Transwell insert (0.4 μm; Corning), Multifunctional microplate reader (M1000pro, Tecan); Electrophoresis apparatus (041BR92965, Bio-Rad); Protein blot imaging system (ChemiDoc MP, Bio-Rad); Gradient polymerase chain reaction (PCR) instrument (T100, Bio-Rad); Fluorescent quantitative PCR instrument (ViiA7, ABI); Automated inverted fluorescence microscope system (Ti2-E, Nikon).

    Protease Inhibitor:

    Article Title: Yiqi Huoxue Jiedu formula protects against sepsis-associated lung injury by modulating macrophage mitophagy and mtDNA-STING signaling.
    Article Snippet: .. The materials and instruments used in this study were as follows: RPMI-1640 (Gibco, C11875500BT); Fetal bovine serum (Gibco, A5669701); β-mercaptoethanol (ECODOP, ED-9153); Penicillin–streptomycin (Gibco, 15,140– 122); Cell Counting Kit-8 solution (NCM, C6005); JC-1 Assay Kit (Beyotime, C2003S); ROS Assay Kit (Elabscience, E-BC-K138-F); ATP Assay Kit (Beyotime, S0026); Mdivi-1 (MedChemExpress, HY-15886); Urolithin A (MedChemExpress, HY-100599); Lpopolysaccharide (LPS) (Sigma, batch number L2630); BCA Protein Assay Kit (Thermo Scientific, batch number 23225); Protease inhibitor and phosphatase inhibitor (Roche, batch numbers 05892791001 and 04906837001, respectively); Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining kit (Leigen, batch number DH0006); Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits for IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β (Cusabio, batch numbers E04639m, E04741m, and E08054m, respectively); Annexin V-FITC/PI Apoptosis Detection Kit (KGA1102); SteadyPure Universal RNA Extraction Kit, Evo M-MLV Reverse Transcription Premix Kit, and SYBR Green Pro Taq HS Premixed qRT-PCR Kit (AG, batch numbers AG21017, AG11728, and AG11718, respectively); HRP-conjugated goat anti-rabbit and anti-mouse secondary antibodies (CST, 7074S and 7076S); p62 and cGAS (CST, 23214, 31659 T); Phosphorylated STING (p-STING), Phosphorylated TANK-binding kinase 1 (p-TBK1); TBK1, Phosphorylated interferon regulatory factor 3 (p-IRF3), and mitochondrial transcription factor antibodies (Affinity, batch numbers AF7416, AF8109, AF8190, AF2436, and AF0531, respectively); Translocase of the outer membrane 20 (TOM20) and STING antibodies (Proteintech, batch numbers 11802-1-AP and 19851- 1-AP, respectively). .. Transwell insert (0.4 μm; Corning), Multifunctional microplate reader (M1000pro, Tecan); Electrophoresis apparatus (041BR92965, Bio-Rad); Protein blot imaging system (ChemiDoc MP, Bio-Rad); Gradient polymerase chain reaction (PCR) instrument (T100, Bio-Rad); Fluorescent quantitative PCR instrument (ViiA7, ABI); Automated inverted fluorescence microscope system (Ti2-E, Nikon).

    Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay:

    Article Title: Yiqi Huoxue Jiedu formula protects against sepsis-associated lung injury by modulating macrophage mitophagy and mtDNA-STING signaling.
    Article Snippet: .. The materials and instruments used in this study were as follows: RPMI-1640 (Gibco, C11875500BT); Fetal bovine serum (Gibco, A5669701); β-mercaptoethanol (ECODOP, ED-9153); Penicillin–streptomycin (Gibco, 15,140– 122); Cell Counting Kit-8 solution (NCM, C6005); JC-1 Assay Kit (Beyotime, C2003S); ROS Assay Kit (Elabscience, E-BC-K138-F); ATP Assay Kit (Beyotime, S0026); Mdivi-1 (MedChemExpress, HY-15886); Urolithin A (MedChemExpress, HY-100599); Lpopolysaccharide (LPS) (Sigma, batch number L2630); BCA Protein Assay Kit (Thermo Scientific, batch number 23225); Protease inhibitor and phosphatase inhibitor (Roche, batch numbers 05892791001 and 04906837001, respectively); Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining kit (Leigen, batch number DH0006); Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits for IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β (Cusabio, batch numbers E04639m, E04741m, and E08054m, respectively); Annexin V-FITC/PI Apoptosis Detection Kit (KGA1102); SteadyPure Universal RNA Extraction Kit, Evo M-MLV Reverse Transcription Premix Kit, and SYBR Green Pro Taq HS Premixed qRT-PCR Kit (AG, batch numbers AG21017, AG11728, and AG11718, respectively); HRP-conjugated goat anti-rabbit and anti-mouse secondary antibodies (CST, 7074S and 7076S); p62 and cGAS (CST, 23214, 31659 T); Phosphorylated STING (p-STING), Phosphorylated TANK-binding kinase 1 (p-TBK1); TBK1, Phosphorylated interferon regulatory factor 3 (p-IRF3), and mitochondrial transcription factor antibodies (Affinity, batch numbers AF7416, AF8109, AF8190, AF2436, and AF0531, respectively); Translocase of the outer membrane 20 (TOM20) and STING antibodies (Proteintech, batch numbers 11802-1-AP and 19851- 1-AP, respectively). .. Transwell insert (0.4 μm; Corning), Multifunctional microplate reader (M1000pro, Tecan); Electrophoresis apparatus (041BR92965, Bio-Rad); Protein blot imaging system (ChemiDoc MP, Bio-Rad); Gradient polymerase chain reaction (PCR) instrument (T100, Bio-Rad); Fluorescent quantitative PCR instrument (ViiA7, ABI); Automated inverted fluorescence microscope system (Ti2-E, Nikon).

    RNA Extraction:

    Article Title: Yiqi Huoxue Jiedu formula protects against sepsis-associated lung injury by modulating macrophage mitophagy and mtDNA-STING signaling.
    Article Snippet: .. The materials and instruments used in this study were as follows: RPMI-1640 (Gibco, C11875500BT); Fetal bovine serum (Gibco, A5669701); β-mercaptoethanol (ECODOP, ED-9153); Penicillin–streptomycin (Gibco, 15,140– 122); Cell Counting Kit-8 solution (NCM, C6005); JC-1 Assay Kit (Beyotime, C2003S); ROS Assay Kit (Elabscience, E-BC-K138-F); ATP Assay Kit (Beyotime, S0026); Mdivi-1 (MedChemExpress, HY-15886); Urolithin A (MedChemExpress, HY-100599); Lpopolysaccharide (LPS) (Sigma, batch number L2630); BCA Protein Assay Kit (Thermo Scientific, batch number 23225); Protease inhibitor and phosphatase inhibitor (Roche, batch numbers 05892791001 and 04906837001, respectively); Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining kit (Leigen, batch number DH0006); Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits for IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β (Cusabio, batch numbers E04639m, E04741m, and E08054m, respectively); Annexin V-FITC/PI Apoptosis Detection Kit (KGA1102); SteadyPure Universal RNA Extraction Kit, Evo M-MLV Reverse Transcription Premix Kit, and SYBR Green Pro Taq HS Premixed qRT-PCR Kit (AG, batch numbers AG21017, AG11728, and AG11718, respectively); HRP-conjugated goat anti-rabbit and anti-mouse secondary antibodies (CST, 7074S and 7076S); p62 and cGAS (CST, 23214, 31659 T); Phosphorylated STING (p-STING), Phosphorylated TANK-binding kinase 1 (p-TBK1); TBK1, Phosphorylated interferon regulatory factor 3 (p-IRF3), and mitochondrial transcription factor antibodies (Affinity, batch numbers AF7416, AF8109, AF8190, AF2436, and AF0531, respectively); Translocase of the outer membrane 20 (TOM20) and STING antibodies (Proteintech, batch numbers 11802-1-AP and 19851- 1-AP, respectively). .. Transwell insert (0.4 μm; Corning), Multifunctional microplate reader (M1000pro, Tecan); Electrophoresis apparatus (041BR92965, Bio-Rad); Protein blot imaging system (ChemiDoc MP, Bio-Rad); Gradient polymerase chain reaction (PCR) instrument (T100, Bio-Rad); Fluorescent quantitative PCR instrument (ViiA7, ABI); Automated inverted fluorescence microscope system (Ti2-E, Nikon).

    Reverse Transcription:

    Article Title: Yiqi Huoxue Jiedu formula protects against sepsis-associated lung injury by modulating macrophage mitophagy and mtDNA-STING signaling.
    Article Snippet: .. The materials and instruments used in this study were as follows: RPMI-1640 (Gibco, C11875500BT); Fetal bovine serum (Gibco, A5669701); β-mercaptoethanol (ECODOP, ED-9153); Penicillin–streptomycin (Gibco, 15,140– 122); Cell Counting Kit-8 solution (NCM, C6005); JC-1 Assay Kit (Beyotime, C2003S); ROS Assay Kit (Elabscience, E-BC-K138-F); ATP Assay Kit (Beyotime, S0026); Mdivi-1 (MedChemExpress, HY-15886); Urolithin A (MedChemExpress, HY-100599); Lpopolysaccharide (LPS) (Sigma, batch number L2630); BCA Protein Assay Kit (Thermo Scientific, batch number 23225); Protease inhibitor and phosphatase inhibitor (Roche, batch numbers 05892791001 and 04906837001, respectively); Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining kit (Leigen, batch number DH0006); Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits for IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β (Cusabio, batch numbers E04639m, E04741m, and E08054m, respectively); Annexin V-FITC/PI Apoptosis Detection Kit (KGA1102); SteadyPure Universal RNA Extraction Kit, Evo M-MLV Reverse Transcription Premix Kit, and SYBR Green Pro Taq HS Premixed qRT-PCR Kit (AG, batch numbers AG21017, AG11728, and AG11718, respectively); HRP-conjugated goat anti-rabbit and anti-mouse secondary antibodies (CST, 7074S and 7076S); p62 and cGAS (CST, 23214, 31659 T); Phosphorylated STING (p-STING), Phosphorylated TANK-binding kinase 1 (p-TBK1); TBK1, Phosphorylated interferon regulatory factor 3 (p-IRF3), and mitochondrial transcription factor antibodies (Affinity, batch numbers AF7416, AF8109, AF8190, AF2436, and AF0531, respectively); Translocase of the outer membrane 20 (TOM20) and STING antibodies (Proteintech, batch numbers 11802-1-AP and 19851- 1-AP, respectively). .. Transwell insert (0.4 μm; Corning), Multifunctional microplate reader (M1000pro, Tecan); Electrophoresis apparatus (041BR92965, Bio-Rad); Protein blot imaging system (ChemiDoc MP, Bio-Rad); Gradient polymerase chain reaction (PCR) instrument (T100, Bio-Rad); Fluorescent quantitative PCR instrument (ViiA7, ABI); Automated inverted fluorescence microscope system (Ti2-E, Nikon).

    Quantitative RT-PCR:

    Article Title: Yiqi Huoxue Jiedu formula protects against sepsis-associated lung injury by modulating macrophage mitophagy and mtDNA-STING signaling.
    Article Snippet: .. The materials and instruments used in this study were as follows: RPMI-1640 (Gibco, C11875500BT); Fetal bovine serum (Gibco, A5669701); β-mercaptoethanol (ECODOP, ED-9153); Penicillin–streptomycin (Gibco, 15,140– 122); Cell Counting Kit-8 solution (NCM, C6005); JC-1 Assay Kit (Beyotime, C2003S); ROS Assay Kit (Elabscience, E-BC-K138-F); ATP Assay Kit (Beyotime, S0026); Mdivi-1 (MedChemExpress, HY-15886); Urolithin A (MedChemExpress, HY-100599); Lpopolysaccharide (LPS) (Sigma, batch number L2630); BCA Protein Assay Kit (Thermo Scientific, batch number 23225); Protease inhibitor and phosphatase inhibitor (Roche, batch numbers 05892791001 and 04906837001, respectively); Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining kit (Leigen, batch number DH0006); Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits for IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β (Cusabio, batch numbers E04639m, E04741m, and E08054m, respectively); Annexin V-FITC/PI Apoptosis Detection Kit (KGA1102); SteadyPure Universal RNA Extraction Kit, Evo M-MLV Reverse Transcription Premix Kit, and SYBR Green Pro Taq HS Premixed qRT-PCR Kit (AG, batch numbers AG21017, AG11728, and AG11718, respectively); HRP-conjugated goat anti-rabbit and anti-mouse secondary antibodies (CST, 7074S and 7076S); p62 and cGAS (CST, 23214, 31659 T); Phosphorylated STING (p-STING), Phosphorylated TANK-binding kinase 1 (p-TBK1); TBK1, Phosphorylated interferon regulatory factor 3 (p-IRF3), and mitochondrial transcription factor antibodies (Affinity, batch numbers AF7416, AF8109, AF8190, AF2436, and AF0531, respectively); Translocase of the outer membrane 20 (TOM20) and STING antibodies (Proteintech, batch numbers 11802-1-AP and 19851- 1-AP, respectively). .. Transwell insert (0.4 μm; Corning), Multifunctional microplate reader (M1000pro, Tecan); Electrophoresis apparatus (041BR92965, Bio-Rad); Protein blot imaging system (ChemiDoc MP, Bio-Rad); Gradient polymerase chain reaction (PCR) instrument (T100, Bio-Rad); Fluorescent quantitative PCR instrument (ViiA7, ABI); Automated inverted fluorescence microscope system (Ti2-E, Nikon).

    Membrane:

    Article Title: Yiqi Huoxue Jiedu formula protects against sepsis-associated lung injury by modulating macrophage mitophagy and mtDNA-STING signaling.
    Article Snippet: .. The materials and instruments used in this study were as follows: RPMI-1640 (Gibco, C11875500BT); Fetal bovine serum (Gibco, A5669701); β-mercaptoethanol (ECODOP, ED-9153); Penicillin–streptomycin (Gibco, 15,140– 122); Cell Counting Kit-8 solution (NCM, C6005); JC-1 Assay Kit (Beyotime, C2003S); ROS Assay Kit (Elabscience, E-BC-K138-F); ATP Assay Kit (Beyotime, S0026); Mdivi-1 (MedChemExpress, HY-15886); Urolithin A (MedChemExpress, HY-100599); Lpopolysaccharide (LPS) (Sigma, batch number L2630); BCA Protein Assay Kit (Thermo Scientific, batch number 23225); Protease inhibitor and phosphatase inhibitor (Roche, batch numbers 05892791001 and 04906837001, respectively); Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining kit (Leigen, batch number DH0006); Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits for IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β (Cusabio, batch numbers E04639m, E04741m, and E08054m, respectively); Annexin V-FITC/PI Apoptosis Detection Kit (KGA1102); SteadyPure Universal RNA Extraction Kit, Evo M-MLV Reverse Transcription Premix Kit, and SYBR Green Pro Taq HS Premixed qRT-PCR Kit (AG, batch numbers AG21017, AG11728, and AG11718, respectively); HRP-conjugated goat anti-rabbit and anti-mouse secondary antibodies (CST, 7074S and 7076S); p62 and cGAS (CST, 23214, 31659 T); Phosphorylated STING (p-STING), Phosphorylated TANK-binding kinase 1 (p-TBK1); TBK1, Phosphorylated interferon regulatory factor 3 (p-IRF3), and mitochondrial transcription factor antibodies (Affinity, batch numbers AF7416, AF8109, AF8190, AF2436, and AF0531, respectively); Translocase of the outer membrane 20 (TOM20) and STING antibodies (Proteintech, batch numbers 11802-1-AP and 19851- 1-AP, respectively). .. Transwell insert (0.4 μm; Corning), Multifunctional microplate reader (M1000pro, Tecan); Electrophoresis apparatus (041BR92965, Bio-Rad); Protein blot imaging system (ChemiDoc MP, Bio-Rad); Gradient polymerase chain reaction (PCR) instrument (T100, Bio-Rad); Fluorescent quantitative PCR instrument (ViiA7, ABI); Automated inverted fluorescence microscope system (Ti2-E, Nikon).



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    MedChemExpress mdivi 1
    H/R disrupted LD and mitochondria tethering. (A) Representative image of Mitotrakcer (MT) and BODIPY (LD) staining in H9c2 cells subjected to normoxia or H/R. (B) Pearson correlation of MT and LD. (C) Representative image of long chain free fatty acid (LCFA) and BODIPY (LD) staining in H9c2 cells subjected to normoxia or H/R. (D) Pearson correlation of LCFA and LD. (E) Representative image of long chain free fatty acid (LCFA) and Mitotrakcer (MT) staining in H9c2 cells subjected to normoxia or H/R. (F) Pearson correlation of LCFA and MT. (G) Representative image of IMARIS analyzed long chain free fatty acid (LCFA) and BODIPY (LD) staining in H9c2 cells subjected to normoxia or H/R. (H) Quantification of (G). (I) Representative image of IMARIS analyzed long chain free fatty acid (LCFA) and Mitotrakcer (MT) staining in H9c2 cells subjected to normoxia or H/R. (J) Quantification of (I). (K) Seahorse mitochondrial stress test and quantification for parameters of mitochondrial function in H9c2 cells subjected to normoxia or H/R. (L) Quantification of maximal respiration capacity in Seahorse experiment. (M) Representative image of Mitotrakcer (MT) staining of H9c2 cells subjected to normoxia or H/R. (N–P) Quantification of mitochondria density, branch length, and networking. (Q) Representative image of IMARIS analyzed Mitotrakcer (MT) staining of H9c2 cells subjected to normoxia or H/R. (R) Quantification of sphericity of mitochondria. (S) Representative image of long chain free fatty acid (LCFA) and Mitotrakcer (MT) staining in H9c2 cells treated with or without 10 <t>µM</t> <t>Mdivi‐1</t> and subjected to normoxia or H/R. (T) Pearson correlation of MT and LCFA. Scale bar: 10 µm. Results are presented as mean ± SEM ( n = 3 per group). * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 versus normoxia control. One‐way ANOVA was run for statistical analysis. Two‐way ANOVA was run when comparing groups on two different categorical variables.
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    H/R disrupted LD and mitochondria tethering. (A) Representative image of Mitotrakcer (MT) and BODIPY (LD) staining in H9c2 cells subjected to normoxia or H/R. (B) Pearson correlation of MT and LD. (C) Representative image of long chain free fatty acid (LCFA) and BODIPY (LD) staining in H9c2 cells subjected to normoxia or H/R. (D) Pearson correlation of LCFA and LD. (E) Representative image of long chain free fatty acid (LCFA) and Mitotrakcer (MT) staining in H9c2 cells subjected to normoxia or H/R. (F) Pearson correlation of LCFA and MT. (G) Representative image of IMARIS analyzed long chain free fatty acid (LCFA) and BODIPY (LD) staining in H9c2 cells subjected to normoxia or H/R. (H) Quantification of (G). (I) Representative image of IMARIS analyzed long chain free fatty acid (LCFA) and Mitotrakcer (MT) staining in H9c2 cells subjected to normoxia or H/R. (J) Quantification of (I). (K) Seahorse mitochondrial stress test and quantification for parameters of mitochondrial function in H9c2 cells subjected to normoxia or H/R. (L) Quantification of maximal respiration capacity in Seahorse experiment. (M) Representative image of Mitotrakcer (MT) staining of H9c2 cells subjected to normoxia or H/R. (N–P) Quantification of mitochondria density, branch length, and networking. (Q) Representative image of IMARIS analyzed Mitotrakcer (MT) staining of H9c2 cells subjected to normoxia or H/R. (R) Quantification of sphericity of mitochondria. (S) Representative image of long chain free fatty acid (LCFA) and Mitotrakcer (MT) staining in H9c2 cells treated with or without 10 <t>µM</t> <t>Mdivi‐1</t> and subjected to normoxia or H/R. (T) Pearson correlation of MT and LCFA. Scale bar: 10 µm. Results are presented as mean ± SEM ( n = 3 per group). * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 versus normoxia control. One‐way ANOVA was run for statistical analysis. Two‐way ANOVA was run when comparing groups on two different categorical variables.
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    H/R disrupted LD and mitochondria tethering. (A) Representative image of Mitotrakcer (MT) and BODIPY (LD) staining in H9c2 cells subjected to normoxia or H/R. (B) Pearson correlation of MT and LD. (C) Representative image of long chain free fatty acid (LCFA) and BODIPY (LD) staining in H9c2 cells subjected to normoxia or H/R. (D) Pearson correlation of LCFA and LD. (E) Representative image of long chain free fatty acid (LCFA) and Mitotrakcer (MT) staining in H9c2 cells subjected to normoxia or H/R. (F) Pearson correlation of LCFA and MT. (G) Representative image of IMARIS analyzed long chain free fatty acid (LCFA) and BODIPY (LD) staining in H9c2 cells subjected to normoxia or H/R. (H) Quantification of (G). (I) Representative image of IMARIS analyzed long chain free fatty acid (LCFA) and Mitotrakcer (MT) staining in H9c2 cells subjected to normoxia or H/R. (J) Quantification of (I). (K) Seahorse mitochondrial stress test and quantification for parameters of mitochondrial function in H9c2 cells subjected to normoxia or H/R. (L) Quantification of maximal respiration capacity in Seahorse experiment. (M) Representative image of Mitotrakcer (MT) staining of H9c2 cells subjected to normoxia or H/R. (N–P) Quantification of mitochondria density, branch length, and networking. (Q) Representative image of IMARIS analyzed Mitotrakcer (MT) staining of H9c2 cells subjected to normoxia or H/R. (R) Quantification of sphericity of mitochondria. (S) Representative image of long chain free fatty acid (LCFA) and Mitotrakcer (MT) staining in H9c2 cells treated with or without 10 <t>µM</t> <t>Mdivi‐1</t> and subjected to normoxia or H/R. (T) Pearson correlation of MT and LCFA. Scale bar: 10 µm. Results are presented as mean ± SEM ( n = 3 per group). * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 versus normoxia control. One‐way ANOVA was run for statistical analysis. Two‐way ANOVA was run when comparing groups on two different categorical variables.
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    Yeasen Biotechnology mdivi 1
    H/R disrupted LD and mitochondria tethering. (A) Representative image of Mitotrakcer (MT) and BODIPY (LD) staining in H9c2 cells subjected to normoxia or H/R. (B) Pearson correlation of MT and LD. (C) Representative image of long chain free fatty acid (LCFA) and BODIPY (LD) staining in H9c2 cells subjected to normoxia or H/R. (D) Pearson correlation of LCFA and LD. (E) Representative image of long chain free fatty acid (LCFA) and Mitotrakcer (MT) staining in H9c2 cells subjected to normoxia or H/R. (F) Pearson correlation of LCFA and MT. (G) Representative image of IMARIS analyzed long chain free fatty acid (LCFA) and BODIPY (LD) staining in H9c2 cells subjected to normoxia or H/R. (H) Quantification of (G). (I) Representative image of IMARIS analyzed long chain free fatty acid (LCFA) and Mitotrakcer (MT) staining in H9c2 cells subjected to normoxia or H/R. (J) Quantification of (I). (K) Seahorse mitochondrial stress test and quantification for parameters of mitochondrial function in H9c2 cells subjected to normoxia or H/R. (L) Quantification of maximal respiration capacity in Seahorse experiment. (M) Representative image of Mitotrakcer (MT) staining of H9c2 cells subjected to normoxia or H/R. (N–P) Quantification of mitochondria density, branch length, and networking. (Q) Representative image of IMARIS analyzed Mitotrakcer (MT) staining of H9c2 cells subjected to normoxia or H/R. (R) Quantification of sphericity of mitochondria. (S) Representative image of long chain free fatty acid (LCFA) and Mitotrakcer (MT) staining in H9c2 cells treated with or without 10 <t>µM</t> <t>Mdivi‐1</t> and subjected to normoxia or H/R. (T) Pearson correlation of MT and LCFA. Scale bar: 10 µm. Results are presented as mean ± SEM ( n = 3 per group). * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 versus normoxia control. One‐way ANOVA was run for statistical analysis. Two‐way ANOVA was run when comparing groups on two different categorical variables.
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    MedChemExpress ir mdivi 1 group
    Proteins related to pyroptosis and mitophagy across experimental groups. Representative western blot bands (a) and protein expression levels of nucleotide‐binding oligomerization domain‐like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) (b), apoptosis‐associated speck‐like protein containing a CARD (ASC) (c) and gasdermin D N‐terminal (GSDMD‐N) (d) as pyroptosis‐related proteins; and PTEN‐induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) (e) and Parkin (f) as mitophagy‐related proteins. Data are expressed as means ± standard deviation ( n = 3 per group) and statistically analysed using one‐way ANOVA with Tukey's post hoc test. IR, ischaemia–reperfusion; Iri, irisin; <t>Mdivi‐1,</t> mitochondrial division inhibitor 1; Sin, sinomenine.
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    Image Search Results


    USP18 aggravates cardiac I/R injury through regulation of mitochondria and inhibition of mitophagy. a Electron microscopy image showing mitophagy in USP18-cKO mouse hearts ( n= 5). Scale bar=3 μm. White arrowheads indicate sites of mitophagy. b Protein levels of PINK1, Parkin, ubiquitinated proteins (Ub), P62, and LC3II in mitochondria from heart tissue in USP18-cKO and WT mice 24 h after I/R injury ( n =4). c Electron microscopy image showing mitophagy in USP18-overexpres (OV) mouse hearts ( n =5). Scale bar=3 μm. White arrowheads indicate sites of mitophagy. d Protein levels of PINK1, Parkin, Ub, P62, and LC3II proteins in mitochondria from the heart tissue of USP18-OV mice 24 h after I/R injury ( n =4). Color shift in mitophagy dye (red) and lysosomal dye (green) in NRVMs showing mitophagy in NRVMs with USP18 siRNA transfection ( e ) or Ad-USP18 infection ( f ) and the quantitative mitophagy index in each group ( n= 5). Scale bar=9 μm. Protein levels of PINK1, Parkin, Ub, P62, and LC3II in mitochondria from NRVMs transfected with USP18 siRNA ( g ) or infected with Ad-USP18 ( h ). ⁎⁎ P <0.01, ⁎⁎⁎ P <0.001 ⁎⁎⁎⁎ P <0.0001. USP18. Ubiquitin-specific protease 18; I/R. Ischemia/reperfusion; WT. Wild-type; KO. Knockout; P62. Sequestosome 1; LC3. Microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3; VDAC. Voltage-dependent anion channel.

    Journal: Military Medical Research

    Article Title: USP18 exacerbates myocardial I/R injury by inhibiting Parkin mitophagy through the deubiquitinase PTEN-L

    doi: 10.1016/j.mmr.2026.100004

    Figure Lengend Snippet: USP18 aggravates cardiac I/R injury through regulation of mitochondria and inhibition of mitophagy. a Electron microscopy image showing mitophagy in USP18-cKO mouse hearts ( n= 5). Scale bar=3 μm. White arrowheads indicate sites of mitophagy. b Protein levels of PINK1, Parkin, ubiquitinated proteins (Ub), P62, and LC3II in mitochondria from heart tissue in USP18-cKO and WT mice 24 h after I/R injury ( n =4). c Electron microscopy image showing mitophagy in USP18-overexpres (OV) mouse hearts ( n =5). Scale bar=3 μm. White arrowheads indicate sites of mitophagy. d Protein levels of PINK1, Parkin, Ub, P62, and LC3II proteins in mitochondria from the heart tissue of USP18-OV mice 24 h after I/R injury ( n =4). Color shift in mitophagy dye (red) and lysosomal dye (green) in NRVMs showing mitophagy in NRVMs with USP18 siRNA transfection ( e ) or Ad-USP18 infection ( f ) and the quantitative mitophagy index in each group ( n= 5). Scale bar=9 μm. Protein levels of PINK1, Parkin, Ub, P62, and LC3II in mitochondria from NRVMs transfected with USP18 siRNA ( g ) or infected with Ad-USP18 ( h ). ⁎⁎ P <0.01, ⁎⁎⁎ P <0.001 ⁎⁎⁎⁎ P <0.0001. USP18. Ubiquitin-specific protease 18; I/R. Ischemia/reperfusion; WT. Wild-type; KO. Knockout; P62. Sequestosome 1; LC3. Microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3; VDAC. Voltage-dependent anion channel.

    Article Snippet: To block mitophagy, the selective dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) inhibitor Mdivi-1 was used (50 μmol/L, MedChemExpress, USA).

    Techniques: Inhibition, Electron Microscopy, Transfection, Infection, Ubiquitin Proteomics, Knock-Out

    H/R disrupted LD and mitochondria tethering. (A) Representative image of Mitotrakcer (MT) and BODIPY (LD) staining in H9c2 cells subjected to normoxia or H/R. (B) Pearson correlation of MT and LD. (C) Representative image of long chain free fatty acid (LCFA) and BODIPY (LD) staining in H9c2 cells subjected to normoxia or H/R. (D) Pearson correlation of LCFA and LD. (E) Representative image of long chain free fatty acid (LCFA) and Mitotrakcer (MT) staining in H9c2 cells subjected to normoxia or H/R. (F) Pearson correlation of LCFA and MT. (G) Representative image of IMARIS analyzed long chain free fatty acid (LCFA) and BODIPY (LD) staining in H9c2 cells subjected to normoxia or H/R. (H) Quantification of (G). (I) Representative image of IMARIS analyzed long chain free fatty acid (LCFA) and Mitotrakcer (MT) staining in H9c2 cells subjected to normoxia or H/R. (J) Quantification of (I). (K) Seahorse mitochondrial stress test and quantification for parameters of mitochondrial function in H9c2 cells subjected to normoxia or H/R. (L) Quantification of maximal respiration capacity in Seahorse experiment. (M) Representative image of Mitotrakcer (MT) staining of H9c2 cells subjected to normoxia or H/R. (N–P) Quantification of mitochondria density, branch length, and networking. (Q) Representative image of IMARIS analyzed Mitotrakcer (MT) staining of H9c2 cells subjected to normoxia or H/R. (R) Quantification of sphericity of mitochondria. (S) Representative image of long chain free fatty acid (LCFA) and Mitotrakcer (MT) staining in H9c2 cells treated with or without 10 µM Mdivi‐1 and subjected to normoxia or H/R. (T) Pearson correlation of MT and LCFA. Scale bar: 10 µm. Results are presented as mean ± SEM ( n = 3 per group). * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 versus normoxia control. One‐way ANOVA was run for statistical analysis. Two‐way ANOVA was run when comparing groups on two different categorical variables.

    Journal: MedComm

    Article Title: Loss of Rab8a‐Dependent Tethering of Lipid Droplets to Mitochondria Contributes to Hypoxia–Reoxygenation Injury

    doi: 10.1002/mco2.70845

    Figure Lengend Snippet: H/R disrupted LD and mitochondria tethering. (A) Representative image of Mitotrakcer (MT) and BODIPY (LD) staining in H9c2 cells subjected to normoxia or H/R. (B) Pearson correlation of MT and LD. (C) Representative image of long chain free fatty acid (LCFA) and BODIPY (LD) staining in H9c2 cells subjected to normoxia or H/R. (D) Pearson correlation of LCFA and LD. (E) Representative image of long chain free fatty acid (LCFA) and Mitotrakcer (MT) staining in H9c2 cells subjected to normoxia or H/R. (F) Pearson correlation of LCFA and MT. (G) Representative image of IMARIS analyzed long chain free fatty acid (LCFA) and BODIPY (LD) staining in H9c2 cells subjected to normoxia or H/R. (H) Quantification of (G). (I) Representative image of IMARIS analyzed long chain free fatty acid (LCFA) and Mitotrakcer (MT) staining in H9c2 cells subjected to normoxia or H/R. (J) Quantification of (I). (K) Seahorse mitochondrial stress test and quantification for parameters of mitochondrial function in H9c2 cells subjected to normoxia or H/R. (L) Quantification of maximal respiration capacity in Seahorse experiment. (M) Representative image of Mitotrakcer (MT) staining of H9c2 cells subjected to normoxia or H/R. (N–P) Quantification of mitochondria density, branch length, and networking. (Q) Representative image of IMARIS analyzed Mitotrakcer (MT) staining of H9c2 cells subjected to normoxia or H/R. (R) Quantification of sphericity of mitochondria. (S) Representative image of long chain free fatty acid (LCFA) and Mitotrakcer (MT) staining in H9c2 cells treated with or without 10 µM Mdivi‐1 and subjected to normoxia or H/R. (T) Pearson correlation of MT and LCFA. Scale bar: 10 µm. Results are presented as mean ± SEM ( n = 3 per group). * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 versus normoxia control. One‐way ANOVA was run for statistical analysis. Two‐way ANOVA was run when comparing groups on two different categorical variables.

    Article Snippet: The following chemicals, dyes, and antibodies were used: 100 nM rapamycin (Sigma; R8781), 50 μM CQ (Sigma; C6628), 50 μM Baf (Sigma; 196000), 100 μM Para (Sigma; 36186), 10 μM Lalistat 1 (Med Chem Express; HY‐116815), 60 μM etomoxir (Sigma; 236020),1 μM MDIVI‐1 (Med Chem Express; HY‐15886), 20 μM Compound C (Sigma; 171260), 100 nM ALY688 (Allysta Pharmaceutical), 1 mM BODIPY 558/568 C12 (Thermo; D3835), 10 mM BODIPY 493/503 (Thermo; D3922), 100 nM MitoTracker Red (Thermo; M22425 ), 100 nM MitoTracker Green (Thermo; M7514), 300 nM Hoechst (Thermo; H10325 ), GAPDH (Thermo Fisher; MA5‐15738), β‐tubulin (Cell Signaling; 2128), Rab8a (BD Science; 610844), PLIN2 (Proteintech; 60340), PLIN5 (Proteintech; 26951), LC3 (Cell Signaling; 2775), p62 (Cell Signaling; 5114), HIF1⍺ (Cell Signaling; 79233), CPT1⍺ (Proteintech; 15184‐1‐AP), Tom20 (Proteintech; 66777), VDAC (Cell Signaling; 4661), P‐DRP1 Ser616 (Cell Signaling; 3455), P‐DRP1 Ser637 (Cell Signaling; 4867), Parkin (Proteintech; 66674), MFF (Cell Signaling; 84580), Mitofusin 2 (Cell Signaling; 9482), anti‐rabbit (Cell Signaling; 7074), and anti‐mouse (Cell Signaling; 7076).

    Techniques: Staining, Control

    Proteins related to pyroptosis and mitophagy across experimental groups. Representative western blot bands (a) and protein expression levels of nucleotide‐binding oligomerization domain‐like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) (b), apoptosis‐associated speck‐like protein containing a CARD (ASC) (c) and gasdermin D N‐terminal (GSDMD‐N) (d) as pyroptosis‐related proteins; and PTEN‐induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) (e) and Parkin (f) as mitophagy‐related proteins. Data are expressed as means ± standard deviation ( n = 3 per group) and statistically analysed using one‐way ANOVA with Tukey's post hoc test. IR, ischaemia–reperfusion; Iri, irisin; Mdivi‐1, mitochondrial division inhibitor 1; Sin, sinomenine.

    Journal: Experimental Physiology

    Article Title: Therapeutic intervention with sinomenine and irisin to preserve cardiac function after ischaemia–reperfusion injury

    doi: 10.1113/EP093586

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Proteins related to pyroptosis and mitophagy across experimental groups. Representative western blot bands (a) and protein expression levels of nucleotide‐binding oligomerization domain‐like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) (b), apoptosis‐associated speck‐like protein containing a CARD (ASC) (c) and gasdermin D N‐terminal (GSDMD‐N) (d) as pyroptosis‐related proteins; and PTEN‐induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) (e) and Parkin (f) as mitophagy‐related proteins. Data are expressed as means ± standard deviation ( n = 3 per group) and statistically analysed using one‐way ANOVA with Tukey's post hoc test. IR, ischaemia–reperfusion; Iri, irisin; Mdivi‐1, mitochondrial division inhibitor 1; Sin, sinomenine.

    Article Snippet: IR + Mdivi‐1 group: Rats were pre‐treated with Mdivi‐1 (MedChemExpress, Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA) at a dose of 1 mg/kg/day via intraperitoneal injection for seven consecutive days prior to surgery to pharmacologically inhibit mitophagy, as previously described (Xu & Yu, ).

    Techniques: Western Blot, Expressing, Binding Assay, Standard Deviation

    Levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines across experimental groups. Interleukin‐18 (IL‐18) (a) and interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) (b). Data are expressed as means ± standard deviation ( n = 6 per group) and statistically analysed using one‐way ANOVA with Tukey's post hoc test. IR, ischaemia–reperfusion; Iri, irisin; Mdivi‐1, mitochondrial division inhibitor 1; Sin, sinomenine.

    Journal: Experimental Physiology

    Article Title: Therapeutic intervention with sinomenine and irisin to preserve cardiac function after ischaemia–reperfusion injury

    doi: 10.1113/EP093586

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines across experimental groups. Interleukin‐18 (IL‐18) (a) and interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) (b). Data are expressed as means ± standard deviation ( n = 6 per group) and statistically analysed using one‐way ANOVA with Tukey's post hoc test. IR, ischaemia–reperfusion; Iri, irisin; Mdivi‐1, mitochondrial division inhibitor 1; Sin, sinomenine.

    Article Snippet: IR + Mdivi‐1 group: Rats were pre‐treated with Mdivi‐1 (MedChemExpress, Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA) at a dose of 1 mg/kg/day via intraperitoneal injection for seven consecutive days prior to surgery to pharmacologically inhibit mitophagy, as previously described (Xu & Yu, ).

    Techniques: Standard Deviation

    Oxidative stress status across experimental groups. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) (a) and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) (b) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) (c). Data are expressed as means ± standard deviation ( n = 6 per group) and statistically analysed using one‐way ANOVA with Tukey's post hoc test. IR, ischaemia–reperfusion; Iri, irisin; Mdivi‐1, mitochondrial division inhibitor 1; Sin, sinomenine.

    Journal: Experimental Physiology

    Article Title: Therapeutic intervention with sinomenine and irisin to preserve cardiac function after ischaemia–reperfusion injury

    doi: 10.1113/EP093586

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Oxidative stress status across experimental groups. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) (a) and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) (b) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) (c). Data are expressed as means ± standard deviation ( n = 6 per group) and statistically analysed using one‐way ANOVA with Tukey's post hoc test. IR, ischaemia–reperfusion; Iri, irisin; Mdivi‐1, mitochondrial division inhibitor 1; Sin, sinomenine.

    Article Snippet: IR + Mdivi‐1 group: Rats were pre‐treated with Mdivi‐1 (MedChemExpress, Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA) at a dose of 1 mg/kg/day via intraperitoneal injection for seven consecutive days prior to surgery to pharmacologically inhibit mitophagy, as previously described (Xu & Yu, ).

    Techniques: Standard Deviation