murine macrophage cell line raw 264 7  (Procell Inc)

Journal: Bioactive Materials

Article Title: Chiral Fe 3 O 4 /GelMA hydrogels regulate the osteoimmune microenvironment via Itgb3-mediated macrophage polarization to combat peri-implantitis

doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2026.03.055

Figure Lengend Snippet: Single-cell and immune-profiling analysis reveals an imbalanced osteo-immune microenvironment in peri-implantitis. (A) Immune infiltration scores of peri-implant tissues. (B) UMAP visualization of peri-implant tissues, colored by cell-type ontology, showing the distribution of major cell populations. (C, D) Expression patterns of key markers Mrc1 and Tnf projected onto the UMAP space. The color gradient from yellow to blue indicates expression levels from low to high. (E) Dot plot showing the expression of M1-associated ( Tnf , Il6 , Nos2 ) and M2-associated ( Mrc1 , Arg1 , Il10 ) macrophage signature genes. The dot size represents the percentage of cells expressing the gene, and color intensity indicates the average expression level. (F, G) Violin plots illustrating the expression distribution of M1/M2 signature genes across different cell types. (H) Osteogenic genes ( Alpl , Col1a1 ) are specifically and highly expressed in osteoblast clusters. Abbreviation: UMAP, Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection.

Article Snippet: Macrophages (RAW 264.7, ATCC) were cultured in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM; Gibco, USA) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS; HyClone, USA) and 1% penicillin-streptomycin (Gibco, USA) at 5% CO 2 and 37 °C.

Techniques: Single Cell, Expressing

Journal: Bioactive Materials

Article Title: Chiral Fe 3 O 4 /GelMA hydrogels regulate the osteoimmune microenvironment via Itgb3-mediated macrophage polarization to combat peri-implantitis

doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2026.03.055

Figure Lengend Snippet: In vitro experiments validate the mechanism by which chiral hydrogels modulate the bone immune microenvironment. (A) GO and (B) KEGG enrichment analysis of DEGs with elevated D-FG relative to L-FG. (C) Protein expression levels of p-AKT and AKT after 48-h co-culture with different hydrogels. (D, E) Intracellular ROS fluorescence levels and quantitative analysis after SC79-mediated PI3K/Akt activation. (F, G) ROS levels and quantification in RAW264.7 cells after LPS stimulation and 24 h co-culture with different hydrogels. (H, I) ROS levels and quantification in RAW264.7 cells after 72 h co-culture with different hydrogels. (J, K) Representative fluorescence images and quantitative analysis of Fe 2+ release and ROS kinetics in chiral hydrogel-treated macrophages. Scale bar = 50 μm. (n = 3, compared with the control group, ∗ P < 0.05, ∗∗ P < 0.01, ∗∗∗ P < 0.001 vs. GelMA group. # P < 0.05, ## P < 0.01, ### P < 0.001). (L) Schematic representation of the bone immunomodulatory mechanism of chiral hydrogels. Abbreviation: KEGG, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes; p-AKT, phosphorylated AKT; AKT, protein kinase B.

Article Snippet: Macrophages (RAW 264.7, ATCC) were cultured in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM; Gibco, USA) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS; HyClone, USA) and 1% penicillin-streptomycin (Gibco, USA) at 5% CO 2 and 37 °C.

Techniques: In Vitro, Expressing, Co-Culture Assay, Fluorescence, Activation Assay, Control

Journal: Bioactive Materials

Article Title: Bioengineered titanium implants functionalized with aptamer-valproic acid conjugates orchestrate macrophage programming and mesenchymal stem cell homing for improved osseointegration

doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2026.05.055

Figure Lengend Snippet: A) Live/Dead staining of RAW 264.7 macrophages cultured on different material surfaces for 72 h, where dead cells were stained red and live cells were stained green. B) Cytoskeleton staining morphology of RAW 264.7 grown on different material surfaces for 72 h. C, D, F) Fluorescence images and flow cytometry analysis of intracellular ROS in RAW 264.7 cells with DCFH-DA probe. E) Proliferation of RAW 264.7 macrophages on different material surfaces assessed by CCK-8 assay. n = 3. ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, ∗∗∗ p < 0.001, ∗∗∗∗ p < 0.0001. Created in BioRender.

Article Snippet: The murine macrophage cell line RAW 264.7 (Procell Life Science, China) was cultured in high-glucose DMEM (Gibco, USA) containing 10% FBS and employed for immunomodulation studies.

Techniques: Staining, Cell Culture, Fluorescence, Flow Cytometry, CCK-8 Assay

Journal: Bioactive Materials

Article Title: Bioengineered titanium implants functionalized with aptamer-valproic acid conjugates orchestrate macrophage programming and mesenchymal stem cell homing for improved osseointegration

doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2026.05.055

Figure Lengend Snippet: A, F) IF staining of iNOS and CD206 in RAW 264.7 macrophages. B-E) Secretion of inflammation-related proteins in RAW 264.7 macrophages. G-J) Relative mRNA expression of inflammation-related genes in RAW 264.7 macrophages. n = 3. ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, ∗∗∗ p < 0.001, ∗∗∗∗ p < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: The murine macrophage cell line RAW 264.7 (Procell Life Science, China) was cultured in high-glucose DMEM (Gibco, USA) containing 10% FBS and employed for immunomodulation studies.

Techniques: Staining, Expressing

Journal: Frontiers in Immunology

Article Title: APOE -associated lipid-handling macrophages in hepatocellular carcinoma: ligand–receptor communication and host Apoe -linked myeloid remodeling

doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1902143

Figure Lengend Snippet: Apoe deficiency increases neutral lipid accumulation in lipid-loaded BMDMs (A) Schematic overview of BMDM isolation and BODIPY 493/503 staining. Bone marrow cells were isolated from WT and Apoe −/− mice and differentiated into BMDMs with M-CSF for 7 days. (B–D) Representative flow cytometry histograms and quantification of BODIPY 493/503 signal in WT and Apoe −/− BMDMs under untreated conditions (B) , after OA treatment (200 μM, 24 h) (C) , and after oxLDL treatment (50 μg/mL, 24 h) (D) . BODIPY 493/503 fluorescence was quantified as background-subtracted median fluorescence intensity (ΔMedian MFI). Data are shown as mean ± SEM. n = 3 biological replicates per group. P values were calculated using unpaired two-tailed Welch’s t-tests. ns, not significant; ** P < 0.01 ; *** P < 0.001 . OA, oleic acid; oxLDL, oxidized low-density lipoprotein; M-CSF, macrophage colony-stimulating factor; BMDMs, bone marrow-derived macrophages.

Article Snippet: Bone marrow cells from WT and Apoe −/− mice were differentiated into bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) with macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF; 25 ng/mL; MedChemExpress, HY-P7085) for 7 days.

Techniques: Isolation, Staining, Flow Cytometry, Fluorescence, Two Tailed Test, Derivative Assay

Journal: Bioactive Materials

Article Title: Near infrared enhanced palladium loaded siraitia grosvenorii carbon dots amplify mitophagy for acute lung injury immunotherapy

doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2026.02.040

Figure Lengend Snippet: Schematic illustration of the preparation of CPs@SS31, and the corresponding in vivo therapy of acute lung injury via NIR enhanced ROS scavenging, inflammation inhibition, macrophage M2 polarization, and T cells immunoactivation, as well as specifically targeting mitochondria, activating mitochondrial function, and inducing mitophagy to reprogram lung redox homeostasis, and promote tissue repair.

Article Snippet: Cell viability testing : Mouse monocyte macrophages (RAW264.7, ATCC, USA) were cultured in DMEM containing 10% FBS and 1% penicillin-streptomycin (Solarbio, China).

Techniques: In Vivo, Inhibition