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    ATCC human normal hepatocytes
    Inhibition of cell viability and colony formation, and induction of apoptosis by riluzole. (A) Expression of stem cell markers in HCC CSCs. CSCs were stained with CD44 and CD133 antibody and the expression of CD44 and CD133 was measured by immunocytochemistry. (B, C) HCC cell lines (HepG2 and Hep3B), cancer stem cells (CSCs), and human normal <t>hepatocytes</t> were seeded in 96‐well plates, treated with or without riluzole (0–40 μM) for 72 h, and cell viability was measured by CellTiter‐Glo Luminescent Cell Viability Assay (Promega). (D) Colony formation. HCC cell lines (HepG2, Hep3B, SNU‐382 and SNU‐475) and CSCs were treated with riluzole (0–20 μM). Number of colonies formed at 21 days was counted under a microscope. (E) Normal human hepatocytes, HCC cell lines (HepG2 and Hep3B) and CSCs were treated with riluzole (0–20 μM) for 72 h. Apoptosis was measured by TUNEL assay. Data represent mean ± SD ( n = 4). *, # and % = significantly different from control and each other; p < 0.05.
    Human Normal Hepatocytes, supplied by ATCC, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 94/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/human+normal+hepatocytes/Normal+Human+Primary+Hepatocytes%2C+HepatoXcell+Pro/pmc12953185-65-0-6
    Average 94 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    human normal hepatocytes - by Bioz Stars, 2026-10
    94/100 stars

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    1) Product Images from "Regulation of Autophagy and Metabolism in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Involvement of Wnt‐β‐Catenin Pathway"

    Article Title: Regulation of Autophagy and Metabolism in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Involvement of Wnt‐β‐Catenin Pathway

    Journal: Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine

    doi: 10.1111/jcmm.71070

    Inhibition of cell viability and colony formation, and induction of apoptosis by riluzole. (A) Expression of stem cell markers in HCC CSCs. CSCs were stained with CD44 and CD133 antibody and the expression of CD44 and CD133 was measured by immunocytochemistry. (B, C) HCC cell lines (HepG2 and Hep3B), cancer stem cells (CSCs), and human normal hepatocytes were seeded in 96‐well plates, treated with or without riluzole (0–40 μM) for 72 h, and cell viability was measured by CellTiter‐Glo Luminescent Cell Viability Assay (Promega). (D) Colony formation. HCC cell lines (HepG2, Hep3B, SNU‐382 and SNU‐475) and CSCs were treated with riluzole (0–20 μM). Number of colonies formed at 21 days was counted under a microscope. (E) Normal human hepatocytes, HCC cell lines (HepG2 and Hep3B) and CSCs were treated with riluzole (0–20 μM) for 72 h. Apoptosis was measured by TUNEL assay. Data represent mean ± SD ( n = 4). *, # and % = significantly different from control and each other; p < 0.05.
    Figure Legend Snippet: Inhibition of cell viability and colony formation, and induction of apoptosis by riluzole. (A) Expression of stem cell markers in HCC CSCs. CSCs were stained with CD44 and CD133 antibody and the expression of CD44 and CD133 was measured by immunocytochemistry. (B, C) HCC cell lines (HepG2 and Hep3B), cancer stem cells (CSCs), and human normal hepatocytes were seeded in 96‐well plates, treated with or without riluzole (0–40 μM) for 72 h, and cell viability was measured by CellTiter‐Glo Luminescent Cell Viability Assay (Promega). (D) Colony formation. HCC cell lines (HepG2, Hep3B, SNU‐382 and SNU‐475) and CSCs were treated with riluzole (0–20 μM). Number of colonies formed at 21 days was counted under a microscope. (E) Normal human hepatocytes, HCC cell lines (HepG2 and Hep3B) and CSCs were treated with riluzole (0–20 μM) for 72 h. Apoptosis was measured by TUNEL assay. Data represent mean ± SD ( n = 4). *, # and % = significantly different from control and each other; p < 0.05.

    Techniques Used: Inhibition, Expressing, Staining, Immunocytochemistry, Cell Viability Assay, Microscopy, TUNEL Assay, Control

    Related Articles

    Inhibition:

    Article Title: Regulation of Autophagy and Metabolism in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Involvement of Wnt‐β‐Catenin Pathway
    Article Snippet: Human liver cancer stem cells (CSCs) were isolated from primary tumours and cultured in stem cell culture medium as per the supplier's instructions (Celprogen, Torrance, CA).Human liver cancer stem cells (CSCs) were isolated from primary tumours and cultured in stem cell culture medium as per the supplier's instructions (Celprogen, Torrance, CA).. Human normal hepatocytes were purchased from ATCC.. All cells were Mycoplasma free (as per detection kit from Lonza) and used within 3 months of continuous passage.All cells were Mycoplasma free (as per detection kit from Lonza) and used within 3 months of continuous passage.

    Article Title: Sodium aescinate-induced hepatotoxicity via ATF4/GSH/GPX4 axis-mediated ferroptosis.
    Article Snippet: Human normal hepatocytes (L02 cells) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection.. The cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (HyClone, USA).The cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (HyClone, USA).

    Article Title: Sodium aescinate-induced hepatotoxicity via ATF4/GSH/GPX4 axis-mediated ferroptosis
    Article Snippet: Human normal hepatocytes (L02 cells) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection.. The cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (HyClone, USA).The cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (HyClone, USA).

    Article Title: Pan-cancer analysis suggests histocompatibility minor 13 is an unfavorable prognostic biomarker promoting cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma
    Article Snippet: Human normal hepatocytes, LO2, and the HCC cell lines, including HCCLM3, Huh7, and HepG2, were obtained from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, United States).. Huh7 and HCCLM3 cells were grown in DMEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS).Huh7 and HCCLM3 cells were grown in DMEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS).

    Expressing:

    Article Title: Regulation of Autophagy and Metabolism in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Involvement of Wnt‐β‐Catenin Pathway
    Article Snippet: Human liver cancer stem cells (CSCs) were isolated from primary tumours and cultured in stem cell culture medium as per the supplier's instructions (Celprogen, Torrance, CA).Human liver cancer stem cells (CSCs) were isolated from primary tumours and cultured in stem cell culture medium as per the supplier's instructions (Celprogen, Torrance, CA).. Human normal hepatocytes were purchased from ATCC.. All cells were Mycoplasma free (as per detection kit from Lonza) and used within 3 months of continuous passage.All cells were Mycoplasma free (as per detection kit from Lonza) and used within 3 months of continuous passage.

    Article Title: Sodium aescinate-induced hepatotoxicity via ATF4/GSH/GPX4 axis-mediated ferroptosis.
    Article Snippet: Human normal hepatocytes (L02 cells) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection.. The cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (HyClone, USA).The cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (HyClone, USA).

    Article Title: Sodium aescinate-induced hepatotoxicity via ATF4/GSH/GPX4 axis-mediated ferroptosis
    Article Snippet: Human normal hepatocytes (L02 cells) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection.. The cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (HyClone, USA).The cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (HyClone, USA).

    Article Title: Pan-cancer analysis suggests histocompatibility minor 13 is an unfavorable prognostic biomarker promoting cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma
    Article Snippet: Human normal hepatocytes, LO2, and the HCC cell lines, including HCCLM3, Huh7, and HepG2, were obtained from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, United States).. Huh7 and HCCLM3 cells were grown in DMEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS).Huh7 and HCCLM3 cells were grown in DMEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS).

    Staining:

    Article Title: Regulation of Autophagy and Metabolism in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Involvement of Wnt‐β‐Catenin Pathway
    Article Snippet: Human liver cancer stem cells (CSCs) were isolated from primary tumours and cultured in stem cell culture medium as per the supplier's instructions (Celprogen, Torrance, CA).Human liver cancer stem cells (CSCs) were isolated from primary tumours and cultured in stem cell culture medium as per the supplier's instructions (Celprogen, Torrance, CA).. Human normal hepatocytes were purchased from ATCC.. All cells were Mycoplasma free (as per detection kit from Lonza) and used within 3 months of continuous passage.All cells were Mycoplasma free (as per detection kit from Lonza) and used within 3 months of continuous passage.

    Article Title: Sodium aescinate-induced hepatotoxicity via ATF4/GSH/GPX4 axis-mediated ferroptosis.
    Article Snippet: Human normal hepatocytes (L02 cells) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection.. The cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (HyClone, USA).The cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (HyClone, USA).

    Article Title: Sodium aescinate-induced hepatotoxicity via ATF4/GSH/GPX4 axis-mediated ferroptosis
    Article Snippet: Human normal hepatocytes (L02 cells) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection.. The cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (HyClone, USA).The cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (HyClone, USA).

    Article Title: Pan-cancer analysis suggests histocompatibility minor 13 is an unfavorable prognostic biomarker promoting cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma
    Article Snippet: Human normal hepatocytes, LO2, and the HCC cell lines, including HCCLM3, Huh7, and HepG2, were obtained from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, United States).. Huh7 and HCCLM3 cells were grown in DMEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS).Huh7 and HCCLM3 cells were grown in DMEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS).

    Immunocytochemistry:

    Article Title: Regulation of Autophagy and Metabolism in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Involvement of Wnt‐β‐Catenin Pathway
    Article Snippet: Human liver cancer stem cells (CSCs) were isolated from primary tumours and cultured in stem cell culture medium as per the supplier's instructions (Celprogen, Torrance, CA).Human liver cancer stem cells (CSCs) were isolated from primary tumours and cultured in stem cell culture medium as per the supplier's instructions (Celprogen, Torrance, CA).. Human normal hepatocytes were purchased from ATCC.. All cells were Mycoplasma free (as per detection kit from Lonza) and used within 3 months of continuous passage.All cells were Mycoplasma free (as per detection kit from Lonza) and used within 3 months of continuous passage.

    Article Title: Sodium aescinate-induced hepatotoxicity via ATF4/GSH/GPX4 axis-mediated ferroptosis.
    Article Snippet: Human normal hepatocytes (L02 cells) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection.. The cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (HyClone, USA).The cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (HyClone, USA).

    Article Title: Sodium aescinate-induced hepatotoxicity via ATF4/GSH/GPX4 axis-mediated ferroptosis
    Article Snippet: Human normal hepatocytes (L02 cells) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection.. The cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (HyClone, USA).The cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (HyClone, USA).

    Article Title: Pan-cancer analysis suggests histocompatibility minor 13 is an unfavorable prognostic biomarker promoting cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma
    Article Snippet: Human normal hepatocytes, LO2, and the HCC cell lines, including HCCLM3, Huh7, and HepG2, were obtained from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, United States).. Huh7 and HCCLM3 cells were grown in DMEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS).Huh7 and HCCLM3 cells were grown in DMEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS).

    Cell Viability Assay:

    Article Title: Regulation of Autophagy and Metabolism in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Involvement of Wnt‐β‐Catenin Pathway
    Article Snippet: Human liver cancer stem cells (CSCs) were isolated from primary tumours and cultured in stem cell culture medium as per the supplier's instructions (Celprogen, Torrance, CA).Human liver cancer stem cells (CSCs) were isolated from primary tumours and cultured in stem cell culture medium as per the supplier's instructions (Celprogen, Torrance, CA).. Human normal hepatocytes were purchased from ATCC.. All cells were Mycoplasma free (as per detection kit from Lonza) and used within 3 months of continuous passage.All cells were Mycoplasma free (as per detection kit from Lonza) and used within 3 months of continuous passage.

    Article Title: Sodium aescinate-induced hepatotoxicity via ATF4/GSH/GPX4 axis-mediated ferroptosis.
    Article Snippet: Human normal hepatocytes (L02 cells) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection.. The cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (HyClone, USA).The cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (HyClone, USA).

    Article Title: Sodium aescinate-induced hepatotoxicity via ATF4/GSH/GPX4 axis-mediated ferroptosis
    Article Snippet: Human normal hepatocytes (L02 cells) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection.. The cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (HyClone, USA).The cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (HyClone, USA).

    Article Title: Pan-cancer analysis suggests histocompatibility minor 13 is an unfavorable prognostic biomarker promoting cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma
    Article Snippet: Human normal hepatocytes, LO2, and the HCC cell lines, including HCCLM3, Huh7, and HepG2, were obtained from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, United States).. Huh7 and HCCLM3 cells were grown in DMEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS).Huh7 and HCCLM3 cells were grown in DMEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS).

    Microscopy:

    Article Title: Regulation of Autophagy and Metabolism in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Involvement of Wnt‐β‐Catenin Pathway
    Article Snippet: Human liver cancer stem cells (CSCs) were isolated from primary tumours and cultured in stem cell culture medium as per the supplier's instructions (Celprogen, Torrance, CA).Human liver cancer stem cells (CSCs) were isolated from primary tumours and cultured in stem cell culture medium as per the supplier's instructions (Celprogen, Torrance, CA).. Human normal hepatocytes were purchased from ATCC.. All cells were Mycoplasma free (as per detection kit from Lonza) and used within 3 months of continuous passage.All cells were Mycoplasma free (as per detection kit from Lonza) and used within 3 months of continuous passage.

    Article Title: Sodium aescinate-induced hepatotoxicity via ATF4/GSH/GPX4 axis-mediated ferroptosis.
    Article Snippet: Human normal hepatocytes (L02 cells) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection.. The cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (HyClone, USA).The cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (HyClone, USA).

    Article Title: Sodium aescinate-induced hepatotoxicity via ATF4/GSH/GPX4 axis-mediated ferroptosis
    Article Snippet: Human normal hepatocytes (L02 cells) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection.. The cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (HyClone, USA).The cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (HyClone, USA).

    Article Title: Pan-cancer analysis suggests histocompatibility minor 13 is an unfavorable prognostic biomarker promoting cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma
    Article Snippet: Human normal hepatocytes, LO2, and the HCC cell lines, including HCCLM3, Huh7, and HepG2, were obtained from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, United States).. Huh7 and HCCLM3 cells were grown in DMEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS).Huh7 and HCCLM3 cells were grown in DMEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS).

    TUNEL Assay:

    Article Title: Regulation of Autophagy and Metabolism in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Involvement of Wnt‐β‐Catenin Pathway
    Article Snippet: Human liver cancer stem cells (CSCs) were isolated from primary tumours and cultured in stem cell culture medium as per the supplier's instructions (Celprogen, Torrance, CA).Human liver cancer stem cells (CSCs) were isolated from primary tumours and cultured in stem cell culture medium as per the supplier's instructions (Celprogen, Torrance, CA).. Human normal hepatocytes were purchased from ATCC.. All cells were Mycoplasma free (as per detection kit from Lonza) and used within 3 months of continuous passage.All cells were Mycoplasma free (as per detection kit from Lonza) and used within 3 months of continuous passage.

    Article Title: Sodium aescinate-induced hepatotoxicity via ATF4/GSH/GPX4 axis-mediated ferroptosis.
    Article Snippet: Human normal hepatocytes (L02 cells) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection.. The cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (HyClone, USA).The cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (HyClone, USA).

    Article Title: Sodium aescinate-induced hepatotoxicity via ATF4/GSH/GPX4 axis-mediated ferroptosis
    Article Snippet: Human normal hepatocytes (L02 cells) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection.. The cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (HyClone, USA).The cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (HyClone, USA).

    Article Title: Pan-cancer analysis suggests histocompatibility minor 13 is an unfavorable prognostic biomarker promoting cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma
    Article Snippet: Human normal hepatocytes, LO2, and the HCC cell lines, including HCCLM3, Huh7, and HepG2, were obtained from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, United States).. Huh7 and HCCLM3 cells were grown in DMEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS).Huh7 and HCCLM3 cells were grown in DMEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS).

    Control:

    Article Title: Regulation of Autophagy and Metabolism in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Involvement of Wnt‐β‐Catenin Pathway
    Article Snippet: Human liver cancer stem cells (CSCs) were isolated from primary tumours and cultured in stem cell culture medium as per the supplier's instructions (Celprogen, Torrance, CA).Human liver cancer stem cells (CSCs) were isolated from primary tumours and cultured in stem cell culture medium as per the supplier's instructions (Celprogen, Torrance, CA).. Human normal hepatocytes were purchased from ATCC.. All cells were Mycoplasma free (as per detection kit from Lonza) and used within 3 months of continuous passage.All cells were Mycoplasma free (as per detection kit from Lonza) and used within 3 months of continuous passage.

    Article Title: Sodium aescinate-induced hepatotoxicity via ATF4/GSH/GPX4 axis-mediated ferroptosis.
    Article Snippet: Human normal hepatocytes (L02 cells) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection.. The cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (HyClone, USA).The cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (HyClone, USA).

    Article Title: Sodium aescinate-induced hepatotoxicity via ATF4/GSH/GPX4 axis-mediated ferroptosis
    Article Snippet: Human normal hepatocytes (L02 cells) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection.. The cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (HyClone, USA).The cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (HyClone, USA).

    Article Title: Pan-cancer analysis suggests histocompatibility minor 13 is an unfavorable prognostic biomarker promoting cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma
    Article Snippet: Human normal hepatocytes, LO2, and the HCC cell lines, including HCCLM3, Huh7, and HepG2, were obtained from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, United States).. Huh7 and HCCLM3 cells were grown in DMEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS).Huh7 and HCCLM3 cells were grown in DMEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS).

    Injection:

    Article Title: Regulation of Autophagy and Metabolism in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Involvement of Wnt‐β‐Catenin Pathway
    Article Snippet: Human liver cancer stem cells (CSCs) were isolated from primary tumours and cultured in stem cell culture medium as per the supplier's instructions (Celprogen, Torrance, CA).Human liver cancer stem cells (CSCs) were isolated from primary tumours and cultured in stem cell culture medium as per the supplier's instructions (Celprogen, Torrance, CA).. Human normal hepatocytes were purchased from ATCC.. All cells were Mycoplasma free (as per detection kit from Lonza) and used within 3 months of continuous passage.All cells were Mycoplasma free (as per detection kit from Lonza) and used within 3 months of continuous passage.

    Article Title: Sodium aescinate-induced hepatotoxicity via ATF4/GSH/GPX4 axis-mediated ferroptosis.
    Article Snippet: Human normal hepatocytes (L02 cells) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection.. The cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (HyClone, USA).The cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (HyClone, USA).

    Article Title: Sodium aescinate-induced hepatotoxicity via ATF4/GSH/GPX4 axis-mediated ferroptosis
    Article Snippet: Human normal hepatocytes (L02 cells) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection.. The cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (HyClone, USA).The cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (HyClone, USA).

    Article Title: Pan-cancer analysis suggests histocompatibility minor 13 is an unfavorable prognostic biomarker promoting cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma
    Article Snippet: Human normal hepatocytes, LO2, and the HCC cell lines, including HCCLM3, Huh7, and HepG2, were obtained from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, United States).. Huh7 and HCCLM3 cells were grown in DMEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS).Huh7 and HCCLM3 cells were grown in DMEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS).

    Transfection:

    Article Title: Regulation of Autophagy and Metabolism in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Involvement of Wnt‐β‐Catenin Pathway
    Article Snippet: Human liver cancer stem cells (CSCs) were isolated from primary tumours and cultured in stem cell culture medium as per the supplier's instructions (Celprogen, Torrance, CA).Human liver cancer stem cells (CSCs) were isolated from primary tumours and cultured in stem cell culture medium as per the supplier's instructions (Celprogen, Torrance, CA).. Human normal hepatocytes were purchased from ATCC.. All cells were Mycoplasma free (as per detection kit from Lonza) and used within 3 months of continuous passage.All cells were Mycoplasma free (as per detection kit from Lonza) and used within 3 months of continuous passage.

    Article Title: Sodium aescinate-induced hepatotoxicity via ATF4/GSH/GPX4 axis-mediated ferroptosis.
    Article Snippet: Human normal hepatocytes (L02 cells) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection.. The cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (HyClone, USA).The cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (HyClone, USA).

    Article Title: Sodium aescinate-induced hepatotoxicity via ATF4/GSH/GPX4 axis-mediated ferroptosis
    Article Snippet: Human normal hepatocytes (L02 cells) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection.. The cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (HyClone, USA).The cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (HyClone, USA).

    Article Title: Pan-cancer analysis suggests histocompatibility minor 13 is an unfavorable prognostic biomarker promoting cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma
    Article Snippet: Human normal hepatocytes, LO2, and the HCC cell lines, including HCCLM3, Huh7, and HepG2, were obtained from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, United States).. Huh7 and HCCLM3 cells were grown in DMEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS).Huh7 and HCCLM3 cells were grown in DMEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS).

    Plasmid Preparation:

    Article Title: Regulation of Autophagy and Metabolism in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Involvement of Wnt‐β‐Catenin Pathway
    Article Snippet: Human liver cancer stem cells (CSCs) were isolated from primary tumours and cultured in stem cell culture medium as per the supplier's instructions (Celprogen, Torrance, CA).Human liver cancer stem cells (CSCs) were isolated from primary tumours and cultured in stem cell culture medium as per the supplier's instructions (Celprogen, Torrance, CA).. Human normal hepatocytes were purchased from ATCC.. All cells were Mycoplasma free (as per detection kit from Lonza) and used within 3 months of continuous passage.All cells were Mycoplasma free (as per detection kit from Lonza) and used within 3 months of continuous passage.

    Article Title: Sodium aescinate-induced hepatotoxicity via ATF4/GSH/GPX4 axis-mediated ferroptosis.
    Article Snippet: Human normal hepatocytes (L02 cells) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection.. The cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (HyClone, USA).The cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (HyClone, USA).

    Article Title: Sodium aescinate-induced hepatotoxicity via ATF4/GSH/GPX4 axis-mediated ferroptosis
    Article Snippet: Human normal hepatocytes (L02 cells) were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection.. The cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (HyClone, USA).The cells were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (HyClone, USA).

    Article Title: Pan-cancer analysis suggests histocompatibility minor 13 is an unfavorable prognostic biomarker promoting cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma
    Article Snippet: Human normal hepatocytes, LO2, and the HCC cell lines, including HCCLM3, Huh7, and HepG2, were obtained from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, United States).. Huh7 and HCCLM3 cells were grown in DMEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS).Huh7 and HCCLM3 cells were grown in DMEM supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS).



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    Inhibition of cell viability and colony formation, and induction of apoptosis by riluzole. (A) Expression of stem cell markers in HCC CSCs. CSCs were stained with CD44 and CD133 antibody and the expression of CD44 and CD133 was measured by immunocytochemistry. (B, C) HCC cell lines (HepG2 and Hep3B), cancer stem cells (CSCs), and human normal <t>hepatocytes</t> were seeded in 96‐well plates, treated with or without riluzole (0–40 μM) for 72 h, and cell viability was measured by CellTiter‐Glo Luminescent Cell Viability Assay (Promega). (D) Colony formation. HCC cell lines (HepG2, Hep3B, SNU‐382 and SNU‐475) and CSCs were treated with riluzole (0–20 μM). Number of colonies formed at 21 days was counted under a microscope. (E) Normal human hepatocytes, HCC cell lines (HepG2 and Hep3B) and CSCs were treated with riluzole (0–20 μM) for 72 h. Apoptosis was measured by TUNEL assay. Data represent mean ± SD ( n = 4). *, # and % = significantly different from control and each other; p < 0.05.
    Human Hepatocytes, supplied by ATCC, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 94/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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    human normal hepatocytes thle 2  (ATCC)
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    ATCC human normal hepatocytes thle 2
    The selection of liver cancer cell lines and the WST-8 drug susceptibility test validated the validity of the prognostic features gene. ( A – D ) The mRNA expressions of the four molecules were detected <t>in</t> <t>THLE-2</t> and five liver cancer cell lines using qRT-PCR. ( E and F ) IC50 of lobaplatin for Hep 3B detected in normoxic and hypoxic environments using WST-8. ( G and H ) The IC50 of lobaplatin in SNU-387 cells treated with lobaplatin in normoxic and hypoxic environments was determined by WST-8 method. **P<0.01, ***P<0.001.
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    human normal hepatocyte thle 2  (ATCC)
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    The selection of liver cancer cell lines and the WST-8 drug susceptibility test validated the validity of the prognostic features gene. ( A – D ) The mRNA expressions of the four molecules were detected <t>in</t> <t>THLE-2</t> and five liver cancer cell lines using qRT-PCR. ( E and F ) IC50 of lobaplatin for Hep 3B detected in normoxic and hypoxic environments using WST-8. ( G and H ) The IC50 of lobaplatin in SNU-387 cells treated with lobaplatin in normoxic and hypoxic environments was determined by WST-8 method. **P<0.01, ***P<0.001.
    Human Normal Hepatocyte Thle 2, supplied by ATCC, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 98/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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    human normal hepatocytes thle2  (ATCC)
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    ATCC human normal hepatocytes thle2
    UGP ameliorates palmitatic acid-induced lipotoxic hepatocyte injury. Effects of palmitatic acid stimulation and Fer-1, UGP and TGP treatment of on human normal hepatocyte <t>THLE2</t> cell viability was examined using CCK8 assay (A) and LDH assay (B) (n = 4). (C) Effects of palmitatic acid stimulation and Fer-1, UGP and TGP treatment of on THLE2 cell damage was determined by ALT assay (n = 4). (D) Cell death assay was performed using Annexin V/PI staining (n = 4). Annexin V + PI − , Annexin V + PI − , and Annexin V + PI + cells were considered dead cells. Representative fluorescent images and quantification of DCFDA (2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate) (E) and Mito-Tracker Red CMXRos (F) staining for ROS and mitochondrial membrane potential detection (scale bar = 100 μm, n = 4). (G) Flow cytometry analysis of lipid peroxidation by Liperfluo staining on THLE2 cells. (H) Representative immunofluorescent images of ACTA2 +ve and COL1A1 +ve cells (scale bar = 100 μm). Data are shown as box-and whisker with median (middle line), 25th–75th percentiles (box), and min-max values (whiskers), one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s correction. (ALT: Alanine transaminase; BSA:Bovine serum albumin; Fer-1: Ferrostatin-1; PAL: Palmitic acid; ROS: Reactive oxygen species; TGP: Traditional garlic powder; UGP:Ultrafine garlic powder).
    Human Normal Hepatocytes Thle2, supplied by ATCC, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 98/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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    human normal hepatocytes thle 2  (Procell Inc)
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    UGP ameliorates palmitatic acid-induced lipotoxic hepatocyte injury. Effects of palmitatic acid stimulation and Fer-1, UGP and TGP treatment of on human normal hepatocyte <t>THLE2</t> cell viability was examined using CCK8 assay (A) and LDH assay (B) (n = 4). (C) Effects of palmitatic acid stimulation and Fer-1, UGP and TGP treatment of on THLE2 cell damage was determined by ALT assay (n = 4). (D) Cell death assay was performed using Annexin V/PI staining (n = 4). Annexin V + PI − , Annexin V + PI − , and Annexin V + PI + cells were considered dead cells. Representative fluorescent images and quantification of DCFDA (2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate) (E) and Mito-Tracker Red CMXRos (F) staining for ROS and mitochondrial membrane potential detection (scale bar = 100 μm, n = 4). (G) Flow cytometry analysis of lipid peroxidation by Liperfluo staining on THLE2 cells. (H) Representative immunofluorescent images of ACTA2 +ve and COL1A1 +ve cells (scale bar = 100 μm). Data are shown as box-and whisker with median (middle line), 25th–75th percentiles (box), and min-max values (whiskers), one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s correction. (ALT: Alanine transaminase; BSA:Bovine serum albumin; Fer-1: Ferrostatin-1; PAL: Palmitic acid; ROS: Reactive oxygen species; TGP: Traditional garlic powder; UGP:Ultrafine garlic powder).
    Human Normal Hepatocytes Thle 2, supplied by Procell Inc, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 86/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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    human normal hepatocyte thle 2 cells  (Procell Inc)
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    UGP ameliorates palmitatic acid-induced lipotoxic hepatocyte injury. Effects of palmitatic acid stimulation and Fer-1, UGP and TGP treatment of on human normal hepatocyte <t>THLE2</t> cell viability was examined using CCK8 assay (A) and LDH assay (B) (n = 4). (C) Effects of palmitatic acid stimulation and Fer-1, UGP and TGP treatment of on THLE2 cell damage was determined by ALT assay (n = 4). (D) Cell death assay was performed using Annexin V/PI staining (n = 4). Annexin V + PI − , Annexin V + PI − , and Annexin V + PI + cells were considered dead cells. Representative fluorescent images and quantification of DCFDA (2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate) (E) and Mito-Tracker Red CMXRos (F) staining for ROS and mitochondrial membrane potential detection (scale bar = 100 μm, n = 4). (G) Flow cytometry analysis of lipid peroxidation by Liperfluo staining on THLE2 cells. (H) Representative immunofluorescent images of ACTA2 +ve and COL1A1 +ve cells (scale bar = 100 μm). Data are shown as box-and whisker with median (middle line), 25th–75th percentiles (box), and min-max values (whiskers), one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s correction. (ALT: Alanine transaminase; BSA:Bovine serum albumin; Fer-1: Ferrostatin-1; PAL: Palmitic acid; ROS: Reactive oxygen species; TGP: Traditional garlic powder; UGP:Ultrafine garlic powder).
    Human Normal Hepatocyte Thle 2 Cells, supplied by Procell Inc, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 86/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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    human normal hepatocyte cell line hepatocytes  (ATCC)
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    ATCC human normal hepatocyte cell line hepatocytes
    UGP ameliorates palmitatic acid-induced lipotoxic hepatocyte injury. Effects of palmitatic acid stimulation and Fer-1, UGP and TGP treatment of on human normal hepatocyte <t>THLE2</t> cell viability was examined using CCK8 assay (A) and LDH assay (B) (n = 4). (C) Effects of palmitatic acid stimulation and Fer-1, UGP and TGP treatment of on THLE2 cell damage was determined by ALT assay (n = 4). (D) Cell death assay was performed using Annexin V/PI staining (n = 4). Annexin V + PI − , Annexin V + PI − , and Annexin V + PI + cells were considered dead cells. Representative fluorescent images and quantification of DCFDA (2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate) (E) and Mito-Tracker Red CMXRos (F) staining for ROS and mitochondrial membrane potential detection (scale bar = 100 μm, n = 4). (G) Flow cytometry analysis of lipid peroxidation by Liperfluo staining on THLE2 cells. (H) Representative immunofluorescent images of ACTA2 +ve and COL1A1 +ve cells (scale bar = 100 μm). Data are shown as box-and whisker with median (middle line), 25th–75th percentiles (box), and min-max values (whiskers), one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s correction. (ALT: Alanine transaminase; BSA:Bovine serum albumin; Fer-1: Ferrostatin-1; PAL: Palmitic acid; ROS: Reactive oxygen species; TGP: Traditional garlic powder; UGP:Ultrafine garlic powder).
    Human Normal Hepatocyte Cell Line Hepatocytes, supplied by ATCC, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 96/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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    Inhibition of cell viability and colony formation, and induction of apoptosis by riluzole. (A) Expression of stem cell markers in HCC CSCs. CSCs were stained with CD44 and CD133 antibody and the expression of CD44 and CD133 was measured by immunocytochemistry. (B, C) HCC cell lines (HepG2 and Hep3B), cancer stem cells (CSCs), and human normal hepatocytes were seeded in 96‐well plates, treated with or without riluzole (0–40 μM) for 72 h, and cell viability was measured by CellTiter‐Glo Luminescent Cell Viability Assay (Promega). (D) Colony formation. HCC cell lines (HepG2, Hep3B, SNU‐382 and SNU‐475) and CSCs were treated with riluzole (0–20 μM). Number of colonies formed at 21 days was counted under a microscope. (E) Normal human hepatocytes, HCC cell lines (HepG2 and Hep3B) and CSCs were treated with riluzole (0–20 μM) for 72 h. Apoptosis was measured by TUNEL assay. Data represent mean ± SD ( n = 4). *, # and % = significantly different from control and each other; p < 0.05.

    Journal: Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine

    Article Title: Regulation of Autophagy and Metabolism in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Involvement of Wnt‐β‐Catenin Pathway

    doi: 10.1111/jcmm.71070

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Inhibition of cell viability and colony formation, and induction of apoptosis by riluzole. (A) Expression of stem cell markers in HCC CSCs. CSCs were stained with CD44 and CD133 antibody and the expression of CD44 and CD133 was measured by immunocytochemistry. (B, C) HCC cell lines (HepG2 and Hep3B), cancer stem cells (CSCs), and human normal hepatocytes were seeded in 96‐well plates, treated with or without riluzole (0–40 μM) for 72 h, and cell viability was measured by CellTiter‐Glo Luminescent Cell Viability Assay (Promega). (D) Colony formation. HCC cell lines (HepG2, Hep3B, SNU‐382 and SNU‐475) and CSCs were treated with riluzole (0–20 μM). Number of colonies formed at 21 days was counted under a microscope. (E) Normal human hepatocytes, HCC cell lines (HepG2 and Hep3B) and CSCs were treated with riluzole (0–20 μM) for 72 h. Apoptosis was measured by TUNEL assay. Data represent mean ± SD ( n = 4). *, # and % = significantly different from control and each other; p < 0.05.

    Article Snippet: Human normal hepatocytes were purchased from ATCC.

    Techniques: Inhibition, Expressing, Staining, Immunocytochemistry, Cell Viability Assay, Microscopy, TUNEL Assay, Control

    The selection of liver cancer cell lines and the WST-8 drug susceptibility test validated the validity of the prognostic features gene. ( A – D ) The mRNA expressions of the four molecules were detected in THLE-2 and five liver cancer cell lines using qRT-PCR. ( E and F ) IC50 of lobaplatin for Hep 3B detected in normoxic and hypoxic environments using WST-8. ( G and H ) The IC50 of lobaplatin in SNU-387 cells treated with lobaplatin in normoxic and hypoxic environments was determined by WST-8 method. **P<0.01, ***P<0.001.

    Journal: Journal of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

    Article Title: Construction of a Prognostic Model Based on Insulin Resistance-Related Genes to Predict TACE Response and Identification of PD-98059 as a Potential Therapeutic Agent

    doi: 10.2147/JHC.S553710

    Figure Lengend Snippet: The selection of liver cancer cell lines and the WST-8 drug susceptibility test validated the validity of the prognostic features gene. ( A – D ) The mRNA expressions of the four molecules were detected in THLE-2 and five liver cancer cell lines using qRT-PCR. ( E and F ) IC50 of lobaplatin for Hep 3B detected in normoxic and hypoxic environments using WST-8. ( G and H ) The IC50 of lobaplatin in SNU-387 cells treated with lobaplatin in normoxic and hypoxic environments was determined by WST-8 method. **P<0.01, ***P<0.001.

    Article Snippet: Human normal hepatocytes THLE-2, hepatoma cells Huh-7, HepG2, Hep 3 B, SNU-387, and SK-Hep-1 were purchased from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA).

    Techniques: Selection, Quantitative RT-PCR

    UGP ameliorates palmitatic acid-induced lipotoxic hepatocyte injury. Effects of palmitatic acid stimulation and Fer-1, UGP and TGP treatment of on human normal hepatocyte THLE2 cell viability was examined using CCK8 assay (A) and LDH assay (B) (n = 4). (C) Effects of palmitatic acid stimulation and Fer-1, UGP and TGP treatment of on THLE2 cell damage was determined by ALT assay (n = 4). (D) Cell death assay was performed using Annexin V/PI staining (n = 4). Annexin V + PI − , Annexin V + PI − , and Annexin V + PI + cells were considered dead cells. Representative fluorescent images and quantification of DCFDA (2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate) (E) and Mito-Tracker Red CMXRos (F) staining for ROS and mitochondrial membrane potential detection (scale bar = 100 μm, n = 4). (G) Flow cytometry analysis of lipid peroxidation by Liperfluo staining on THLE2 cells. (H) Representative immunofluorescent images of ACTA2 +ve and COL1A1 +ve cells (scale bar = 100 μm). Data are shown as box-and whisker with median (middle line), 25th–75th percentiles (box), and min-max values (whiskers), one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s correction. (ALT: Alanine transaminase; BSA:Bovine serum albumin; Fer-1: Ferrostatin-1; PAL: Palmitic acid; ROS: Reactive oxygen species; TGP: Traditional garlic powder; UGP:Ultrafine garlic powder).

    Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

    Article Title: Ultrafine garlic powder alleviates non-alcoholic steatohepatitis by inhibiting hepatocyte ferroptosis and modulating ERK-dependent oxidative stress

    doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1711917

    Figure Lengend Snippet: UGP ameliorates palmitatic acid-induced lipotoxic hepatocyte injury. Effects of palmitatic acid stimulation and Fer-1, UGP and TGP treatment of on human normal hepatocyte THLE2 cell viability was examined using CCK8 assay (A) and LDH assay (B) (n = 4). (C) Effects of palmitatic acid stimulation and Fer-1, UGP and TGP treatment of on THLE2 cell damage was determined by ALT assay (n = 4). (D) Cell death assay was performed using Annexin V/PI staining (n = 4). Annexin V + PI − , Annexin V + PI − , and Annexin V + PI + cells were considered dead cells. Representative fluorescent images and quantification of DCFDA (2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate) (E) and Mito-Tracker Red CMXRos (F) staining for ROS and mitochondrial membrane potential detection (scale bar = 100 μm, n = 4). (G) Flow cytometry analysis of lipid peroxidation by Liperfluo staining on THLE2 cells. (H) Representative immunofluorescent images of ACTA2 +ve and COL1A1 +ve cells (scale bar = 100 μm). Data are shown as box-and whisker with median (middle line), 25th–75th percentiles (box), and min-max values (whiskers), one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s correction. (ALT: Alanine transaminase; BSA:Bovine serum albumin; Fer-1: Ferrostatin-1; PAL: Palmitic acid; ROS: Reactive oxygen species; TGP: Traditional garlic powder; UGP:Ultrafine garlic powder).

    Article Snippet: Human normal hepatocytes (THLE2) and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) (LX-2) were purchased from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) and cultured in BEGM kit medium and RPMI medium supplemented with 10% FBS, respectively.

    Techniques: CCK-8 Assay, Lactate Dehydrogenase Assay, Staining, Membrane, Flow Cytometry, Whisker Assay

    UGP significantly ameliorates erastin-induced hepatocyte ferroptosis. Effects of erastin stimulation and Fer-1, UGP and TGP treatment of on THLE2 cell viability was examined using CCK8 assay (A) and LDH assay (B) (n = 4). (C) Effects of erastin stimulation and Fer-1, UGP and TGP treatment of on THLE2 cell damage was determined by ALT assay (n = 4). (D) Cell death assay was performed using Annexin V/PI staining (n = 4). Annexin V + PI − , Annexin V + PI − , and Annexin V + PI + cells were considered dead cells. (E) Flow cytometry analysis of cellular Fe 2+ levels by FerroOrange staining on THLE2 cells. Representative fluorescent images and quantification of DCFDA (2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate) (F) and Mito-Tracker Red CMXRos (G) staining for ROS and mitochondrial membrane potential detection (scale bar = 100 μm, n = 4). (H) Flow cytometry analysis of lipid peroxidation by Liperfluo staining on THLE2 cells. Data are shown as box-and whisker with median (middle line), 25th-75th percentiles (box), and min-max values (whiskers), one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s correction. (ALT: Alanine transaminase; ERA: Erastin; Fer-1: Ferrostatin-1; ROS: Reactive oxygen species; TGP: Traditional garlic powder; UGP: Ultrafine garlic powder).

    Journal: Frontiers in Pharmacology

    Article Title: Ultrafine garlic powder alleviates non-alcoholic steatohepatitis by inhibiting hepatocyte ferroptosis and modulating ERK-dependent oxidative stress

    doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1711917

    Figure Lengend Snippet: UGP significantly ameliorates erastin-induced hepatocyte ferroptosis. Effects of erastin stimulation and Fer-1, UGP and TGP treatment of on THLE2 cell viability was examined using CCK8 assay (A) and LDH assay (B) (n = 4). (C) Effects of erastin stimulation and Fer-1, UGP and TGP treatment of on THLE2 cell damage was determined by ALT assay (n = 4). (D) Cell death assay was performed using Annexin V/PI staining (n = 4). Annexin V + PI − , Annexin V + PI − , and Annexin V + PI + cells were considered dead cells. (E) Flow cytometry analysis of cellular Fe 2+ levels by FerroOrange staining on THLE2 cells. Representative fluorescent images and quantification of DCFDA (2′,7′-dichlorofluorescein diacetate) (F) and Mito-Tracker Red CMXRos (G) staining for ROS and mitochondrial membrane potential detection (scale bar = 100 μm, n = 4). (H) Flow cytometry analysis of lipid peroxidation by Liperfluo staining on THLE2 cells. Data are shown as box-and whisker with median (middle line), 25th-75th percentiles (box), and min-max values (whiskers), one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s correction. (ALT: Alanine transaminase; ERA: Erastin; Fer-1: Ferrostatin-1; ROS: Reactive oxygen species; TGP: Traditional garlic powder; UGP: Ultrafine garlic powder).

    Article Snippet: Human normal hepatocytes (THLE2) and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) (LX-2) were purchased from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) and cultured in BEGM kit medium and RPMI medium supplemented with 10% FBS, respectively.

    Techniques: CCK-8 Assay, Lactate Dehydrogenase Assay, Staining, Flow Cytometry, Membrane, Whisker Assay