Review



cuso 4  (Merck & Co)

 
  • Logo
  • About
  • News
  • Press Release
  • Team
  • Advisors
  • Partners
  • Contact
  • Bioz Stars
  • Bioz vStars
    • 86
      Buy from Supplier

    Structured Review

    Merck & Co cuso 4
    Cuso 4, supplied by Merck & Co, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 86/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/cuso+4/cuso4/pmc12929513-69-21-5
    Average 86 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    cuso 4 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-09
    86/100 stars

    Images

    Related Articles

    other:

    Article Title: Fabrication of Cu@Ag core-shell/nafion/polyalizarin: Applications to simultaneous electrocatalytic oxidation and reduction of nitrite in water samples
    Article Snippet: Ascorbic acid, Nafion, ethanol, alizarin yellow R, polyvinylpyrrolidone, NaNO 2 ,CuSO 4 , HCl, NaOH, Na 2 HPO 4, AgNO 3 , NaH 2 PO 4 , KI, KIO 3 , Na 3 PO 4 , and alumina were purchased from Merck.

    Article Title: Stick–slip behaviour on Au(111) with adsorption of copper and sulfate
    Article Snippet: The solutions were made of ultrapure H 2 SO 4 (Merck, suprapure), CuSO 4 (Merck, >99%, p.a.) and high purity water (millipore, toc < 3 ppb, 18 .

    Article Title: Structural and biochemical analysis of ligand binding in yeast Niemann–Pick type C1–related protein
    Article Snippet: The final concentrations of click reagents in sample tubes were 80 μM CuSO 4 (Merck), 3 μM TBTA (Merck), 3 μM AF647-picolyl azide (Jena Bioscience), and 80 μM ascorbic acid (Merck).

    Article Title: Manufacturing of Living Building Materials With Calcifying Cyanobacteria
    Article Snippet: CuSO 4 ·5H 2 O (Merck, CAS: 7758-99-8) 16.

    Concentration Assay:

    Article Title: The sterol transporter STARD3 transports sphingosine at ER-lysosome contact sites
    Article Snippet: .. Final concentration of click reagents in tubes was 80 μM CuSO 4 (Merck), 3 μM TBTA (Merck), 3 μM Picolyl-Alexa647-Azide (Jena Bioscience) and 80 μM ascorbic acid (Merck). ..

    Maltodextrin:

    Article Title: Native oleaginous yeasts Rhodotorula mucilaginosa and Solicoccozyma gelidoterrea : a sustainable biotechnological alternative for lipid production with potential application in diets for farmed fish
    Article Snippet: .. All compounds were purchased from Merck and prepared at standard working concentrations commonly used in yeast phenotypic profiling: Caffeine (0.5 mM), CuSO 4 (0.2 mM), DTT (2 mM), ethanol at 8%, 9%, and 10% (v/v), fructose (2% w/v), G418 (200 μg/mL), galactose (2% w/v), glycerol (2% v/v), hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 , 2 mM), KCl (0.5 M), lactose (2% w/v), maltodextrin (2% w/v), maltose (2% w/v), methanol (8% v/v), NaCl (1 M), p-coumaric acid (0.5 mM), raffinose (2% w/v), sucrose (2% w/v), SDS (0.01% w/v), sorbitol (1 M), and xylose (2% w/v). ..

    Staining:

    Article Title: Impaired TGFβ Signaling in Plaque-Associated Microglia
    Article Snippet: .. To reduce lipofuscin autofluorescence, sections were finally treated with a solution of 35 mM CuSO 4 in 50 mM ammonium acetate buffer (pH 5), both were purchased from Merck EMSURE, Darmstadt, Germany for 1 h after antibody staining and washed afterwards with PBS to remove any residues of CuSO 4 . ..



    Similar Products

    cuso 4  (Duksan Pure Chemicals)
    86
    Duksan Pure Chemicals cuso 4
    Cuso 4, supplied by Duksan Pure Chemicals, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 86/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/cuso+4/copper+cuso4+sulfate/pmc12924897-347-0-5
    Average 86 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    cuso 4 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-09
    86/100 stars
    		  Buy from Supplier
    cuso 4  (Merck & Co)
    86
    Merck & Co cuso 4
    Cuso 4, supplied by Merck & Co, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 86/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/cuso+4/cuso4/pmc12929513-69-21-5
    Average 86 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    cuso 4 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-09
    86/100 stars
    		  Buy from Supplier
    cuso 4 merck treated hepg2  (Merck & Co)
    86
    Merck & Co cuso 4 merck treated hepg2
    Multivariate analysis of RNA sequencing data. The GSE107323 dataset includes <t>HepG2</t> and HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells that were treated with 0.5mmol/l CuCl 2 for 6–24 h. Mean gene counts > 30 were used for analysis. a Principal component analysis was performed with the following settings for standard deviation: p = 0.005 and q = 0,01788 (FDR). b Thus, 2,142 genes were hierarchically clustered via a multivariance analysis visualised in a heatmap. c Genes were analysed by functional annotation analysis for biological processes by the DAVID tool and showed high EASE scores in genes involved in autophagy ( p = 1.1E-7), lipid metabolism ( p = 3.0E-6) and stress response ( p = 8,6E-5). Volcano plots were generated to compare the CuCl 2 -dependent gene regulation, indicating d 7,722 gene alterations in HepG2 cells and e 7,241 gene alterations in HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells. sig, significant; ut, untreated; t, treated
    Cuso 4 Merck Treated Hepg2, supplied by Merck & Co, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 86/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/cuso+4/4+cuso+hepg2+merck+treated/pmc12995951-31-7-9
    Average 86 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    cuso 4 merck treated hepg2 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-09
    86/100 stars
    		  Buy from Supplier
    cuso4 - click chemistry grade  (Jena Bioscience)
    94
    Jena Bioscience cuso4 - click chemistry grade
    Multivariate analysis of RNA sequencing data. The GSE107323 dataset includes <t>HepG2</t> and HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells that were treated with 0.5mmol/l CuCl 2 for 6–24 h. Mean gene counts > 30 were used for analysis. a Principal component analysis was performed with the following settings for standard deviation: p = 0.005 and q = 0,01788 (FDR). b Thus, 2,142 genes were hierarchically clustered via a multivariance analysis visualised in a heatmap. c Genes were analysed by functional annotation analysis for biological processes by the DAVID tool and showed high EASE scores in genes involved in autophagy ( p = 1.1E-7), lipid metabolism ( p = 3.0E-6) and stress response ( p = 8,6E-5). Volcano plots were generated to compare the CuCl 2 -dependent gene regulation, indicating d 7,722 gene alterations in HepG2 cells and e 7,241 gene alterations in HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells. sig, significant; ut, untreated; t, treated
    Cuso4 Click Chemistry Grade, supplied by Jena Bioscience, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 94/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/cuso+4/CuSO4+-+click+chemistry+grade/custom%40clk-mi004%4041062655
    Average 94 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    cuso4 - click chemistry grade - by Bioz Stars, 2026-09
    94/100 stars
    		  Buy from Supplier
    cuso 4 5h 2 o  (Fisher Scientific)
    86
    Fisher Scientific cuso 4 5h 2 o
    Multivariate analysis of RNA sequencing data. The GSE107323 dataset includes <t>HepG2</t> and HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells that were treated with 0.5mmol/l CuCl 2 for 6–24 h. Mean gene counts > 30 were used for analysis. a Principal component analysis was performed with the following settings for standard deviation: p = 0.005 and q = 0,01788 (FDR). b Thus, 2,142 genes were hierarchically clustered via a multivariance analysis visualised in a heatmap. c Genes were analysed by functional annotation analysis for biological processes by the DAVID tool and showed high EASE scores in genes involved in autophagy ( p = 1.1E-7), lipid metabolism ( p = 3.0E-6) and stress response ( p = 8,6E-5). Volcano plots were generated to compare the CuCl 2 -dependent gene regulation, indicating d 7,722 gene alterations in HepG2 cells and e 7,241 gene alterations in HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells. sig, significant; ut, untreated; t, treated
    Cuso 4 5h 2 O, supplied by Fisher Scientific, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 86/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/cuso+4/4+cuso/pmc12583694-80-0-6
    Average 86 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    cuso 4 5h 2 o - by Bioz Stars, 2026-09
    86/100 stars
    		  Buy from Supplier
    cuso 4 c805782  (Macklin Inc)
    86
    Macklin Inc cuso 4 c805782
    Multivariate analysis of RNA sequencing data. The GSE107323 dataset includes <t>HepG2</t> and HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells that were treated with 0.5mmol/l CuCl 2 for 6–24 h. Mean gene counts > 30 were used for analysis. a Principal component analysis was performed with the following settings for standard deviation: p = 0.005 and q = 0,01788 (FDR). b Thus, 2,142 genes were hierarchically clustered via a multivariance analysis visualised in a heatmap. c Genes were analysed by functional annotation analysis for biological processes by the DAVID tool and showed high EASE scores in genes involved in autophagy ( p = 1.1E-7), lipid metabolism ( p = 3.0E-6) and stress response ( p = 8,6E-5). Volcano plots were generated to compare the CuCl 2 -dependent gene regulation, indicating d 7,722 gene alterations in HepG2 cells and e 7,241 gene alterations in HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells. sig, significant; ut, untreated; t, treated
    Cuso 4 C805782, supplied by Macklin Inc, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 86/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/cuso+4/c805782+cuso4/pmc12713080-148-0-11
    Average 86 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    cuso 4 c805782 - by Bioz Stars, 2026-09
    86/100 stars
    		  Buy from Supplier
    chemicals cuso 4 ⋅  (Shanghai Aladdin Bio-Chem)
    86
    Shanghai Aladdin Bio-Chem chemicals cuso 4 ⋅
    Multivariate analysis of RNA sequencing data. The GSE107323 dataset includes <t>HepG2</t> and HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells that were treated with 0.5mmol/l CuCl 2 for 6–24 h. Mean gene counts > 30 were used for analysis. a Principal component analysis was performed with the following settings for standard deviation: p = 0.005 and q = 0,01788 (FDR). b Thus, 2,142 genes were hierarchically clustered via a multivariance analysis visualised in a heatmap. c Genes were analysed by functional annotation analysis for biological processes by the DAVID tool and showed high EASE scores in genes involved in autophagy ( p = 1.1E-7), lipid metabolism ( p = 3.0E-6) and stress response ( p = 8,6E-5). Volcano plots were generated to compare the CuCl 2 -dependent gene regulation, indicating d 7,722 gene alterations in HepG2 cells and e 7,241 gene alterations in HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells. sig, significant; ut, untreated; t, treated
    Chemicals Cuso 4 ⋅, supplied by Shanghai Aladdin Bio-Chem, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 86/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/cuso+4/cadmium+chloride/pmc12474448-53-4-29
    Average 86 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    chemicals cuso 4 ⋅ - by Bioz Stars, 2026-09
    86/100 stars
    		  Buy from Supplier
    tbs thermo fisher scientific j62938 k7 biotin azide thermo fisher scientific b10184 cuso 4 milliporesigma c1297 100g thpta milliporesigma  (Thermo Fisher)
    95
    Thermo Fisher tbs thermo fisher scientific j62938 k7 biotin azide thermo fisher scientific b10184 cuso 4 milliporesigma c1297 100g thpta milliporesigma
    Multivariate analysis of RNA sequencing data. The GSE107323 dataset includes <t>HepG2</t> and HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells that were treated with 0.5mmol/l CuCl 2 for 6–24 h. Mean gene counts > 30 were used for analysis. a Principal component analysis was performed with the following settings for standard deviation: p = 0.005 and q = 0,01788 (FDR). b Thus, 2,142 genes were hierarchically clustered via a multivariance analysis visualised in a heatmap. c Genes were analysed by functional annotation analysis for biological processes by the DAVID tool and showed high EASE scores in genes involved in autophagy ( p = 1.1E-7), lipid metabolism ( p = 3.0E-6) and stress response ( p = 8,6E-5). Volcano plots were generated to compare the CuCl 2 -dependent gene regulation, indicating d 7,722 gene alterations in HepG2 cells and e 7,241 gene alterations in HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells. sig, significant; ut, untreated; t, treated
    Tbs Thermo Fisher Scientific J62938 K7 Biotin Azide Thermo Fisher Scientific B10184 Cuso 4 Milliporesigma C1297 100g Thpta Milliporesigma, supplied by Thermo Fisher, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 95/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/cuso+4/TRIS-buffered+saline+(TBS%2C+)+pH+7%2E4%2C+for+Western+blot/pm40911412-37-65-66
    Average 95 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    tbs thermo fisher scientific j62938 k7 biotin azide thermo fisher scientific b10184 cuso 4 milliporesigma c1297 100g thpta milliporesigma - by Bioz Stars, 2026-09
    95/100 stars
    		  Buy from Supplier

    Image Search Results


    Multivariate analysis of RNA sequencing data. The GSE107323 dataset includes HepG2 and HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells that were treated with 0.5mmol/l CuCl 2 for 6–24 h. Mean gene counts > 30 were used for analysis. a Principal component analysis was performed with the following settings for standard deviation: p = 0.005 and q = 0,01788 (FDR). b Thus, 2,142 genes were hierarchically clustered via a multivariance analysis visualised in a heatmap. c Genes were analysed by functional annotation analysis for biological processes by the DAVID tool and showed high EASE scores in genes involved in autophagy ( p = 1.1E-7), lipid metabolism ( p = 3.0E-6) and stress response ( p = 8,6E-5). Volcano plots were generated to compare the CuCl 2 -dependent gene regulation, indicating d 7,722 gene alterations in HepG2 cells and e 7,241 gene alterations in HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells. sig, significant; ut, untreated; t, treated

    Journal: Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry

    Article Title: High copper levels induce oxidative stress and inflammatory processes in a cell culture model of Wilson’s disease

    doi: 10.1007/s11010-026-05481-6

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Multivariate analysis of RNA sequencing data. The GSE107323 dataset includes HepG2 and HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells that were treated with 0.5mmol/l CuCl 2 for 6–24 h. Mean gene counts > 30 were used for analysis. a Principal component analysis was performed with the following settings for standard deviation: p = 0.005 and q = 0,01788 (FDR). b Thus, 2,142 genes were hierarchically clustered via a multivariance analysis visualised in a heatmap. c Genes were analysed by functional annotation analysis for biological processes by the DAVID tool and showed high EASE scores in genes involved in autophagy ( p = 1.1E-7), lipid metabolism ( p = 3.0E-6) and stress response ( p = 8,6E-5). Volcano plots were generated to compare the CuCl 2 -dependent gene regulation, indicating d 7,722 gene alterations in HepG2 cells and e 7,241 gene alterations in HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells. sig, significant; ut, untreated; t, treated

    Article Snippet: Cell viability of CuCl 2 (Merck) or CuSO 4 (Merck) -treated HepG2 and HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells was measurement by cell counting assay (CCK-8, Sigma-Aldrich).

    Techniques: RNA Sequencing, Standard Deviation, Functional Assay, Generated

    CuCl 2 -dependent gene expression of autophagy-associated genes. HepG2 and HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells were treated with 0.2–1.2.2mmol/l CuCl 2 or CuSO 4 for 6–24 h. Cell viability was measured after a CuCl 2 and b CuSO 4 treatment via a CCK-8 assay and normalised to that of the untreated control (mean ± SD; n = 4 (CuCl 2 ), n = 5 (CuSO 4 )). RNA from HepG2 and HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells treated with CuCl 2 and untreated PHH (Ctrl and WD) was extracted, and the expression of autophagy-related genes ( c , GABARALP1 ; d , HSP90AA1 ; e , LAMTOR3 ; f , PLOD2 ; g , PRAGC ; h , UBC ) was measured via two-step qRT‒PCR (mean ± SD; n = 3 (HepG2 and HepG2 ATP7B-KO), n = 4 (PHH Ctrl), n = 2 (PHH WD). The data represent copy numbers normalised to 100,000 copies of the reference gene GAPDH . The effect of CuCl 2 concentrations in HepG2 or HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells (* p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001; **** p < 0.0001) and differences between HepG2 and HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells after 6–24 h (# p < 0.05; ## p < 0.01; ### p < 0.001; ####; p < 0.0001) were measured by two-way ANOVA tests and Tukey’s multiple comparison tests. Differences in gene expression between PHH Ctrl and WD cells were tested by an unpaired t-test (× p < 0.05; ×× p < 0.01). Ctrl control, PHH primary human hepatocytes, WD Wilson’s disease

    Journal: Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry

    Article Title: High copper levels induce oxidative stress and inflammatory processes in a cell culture model of Wilson’s disease

    doi: 10.1007/s11010-026-05481-6

    Figure Lengend Snippet: CuCl 2 -dependent gene expression of autophagy-associated genes. HepG2 and HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells were treated with 0.2–1.2.2mmol/l CuCl 2 or CuSO 4 for 6–24 h. Cell viability was measured after a CuCl 2 and b CuSO 4 treatment via a CCK-8 assay and normalised to that of the untreated control (mean ± SD; n = 4 (CuCl 2 ), n = 5 (CuSO 4 )). RNA from HepG2 and HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells treated with CuCl 2 and untreated PHH (Ctrl and WD) was extracted, and the expression of autophagy-related genes ( c , GABARALP1 ; d , HSP90AA1 ; e , LAMTOR3 ; f , PLOD2 ; g , PRAGC ; h , UBC ) was measured via two-step qRT‒PCR (mean ± SD; n = 3 (HepG2 and HepG2 ATP7B-KO), n = 4 (PHH Ctrl), n = 2 (PHH WD). The data represent copy numbers normalised to 100,000 copies of the reference gene GAPDH . The effect of CuCl 2 concentrations in HepG2 or HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells (* p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001; **** p < 0.0001) and differences between HepG2 and HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells after 6–24 h (# p < 0.05; ## p < 0.01; ### p < 0.001; ####; p < 0.0001) were measured by two-way ANOVA tests and Tukey’s multiple comparison tests. Differences in gene expression between PHH Ctrl and WD cells were tested by an unpaired t-test (× p < 0.05; ×× p < 0.01). Ctrl control, PHH primary human hepatocytes, WD Wilson’s disease

    Article Snippet: Cell viability of CuCl 2 (Merck) or CuSO 4 (Merck) -treated HepG2 and HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells was measurement by cell counting assay (CCK-8, Sigma-Aldrich).

    Techniques: Gene Expression, CCK-8 Assay, Control, Expressing, Comparison

    Copper induces oxidative stress and H 2 O 2 production. HepG2 and HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells were treated with 0.2–0.6mmol/l CuCl 2 for 6–24 h. RNA from HepG2 and HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells and PHH (Ctrl and WD) was extracted, and the gene expression of oxidated stress-related genes ( a , HMOX1 ; b , DNAJB1 ; c , GADD45B ) was measured via two-step qRT-PCR. The data represent copy numbers normalised to 100,000 copies of the reference gene GAPDH (mean ± SD; n = 3 (HepG2), n = 4 (PHH Ctrl), n = 2 (PHH WD)). d The GSH/GSSG ratios of HepG2 and HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells were measured via the GSH/GSSG-Glo™ assay (means ± SDs; n = 3). e H 2 O 2 levels in HepG2 and HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells were measured by luminescence via the ROS-Glo™ H 2 O 2 assay (mean ± SD; n = 3). The effect of CuCl 2 concentrations in HepG2 or HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells (* p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001; **** p < 0.0001) and differences between HepG2 and HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells after 6–24 h (# p < 0.05; ## p < 0.01; ### p < 0.001; ####; p < 0.0001) were measured by two two-way ANOVA tests and a Tukey’s multiple comparison tests. Differences in gene expression between PHH Ctrl and WD cells was tested by an unpaired t-test (× p < 0.05; ×× p < 0.01). Ctrl control, PHH primary human hepatocytes, WD Wilson’s disease

    Journal: Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry

    Article Title: High copper levels induce oxidative stress and inflammatory processes in a cell culture model of Wilson’s disease

    doi: 10.1007/s11010-026-05481-6

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Copper induces oxidative stress and H 2 O 2 production. HepG2 and HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells were treated with 0.2–0.6mmol/l CuCl 2 for 6–24 h. RNA from HepG2 and HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells and PHH (Ctrl and WD) was extracted, and the gene expression of oxidated stress-related genes ( a , HMOX1 ; b , DNAJB1 ; c , GADD45B ) was measured via two-step qRT-PCR. The data represent copy numbers normalised to 100,000 copies of the reference gene GAPDH (mean ± SD; n = 3 (HepG2), n = 4 (PHH Ctrl), n = 2 (PHH WD)). d The GSH/GSSG ratios of HepG2 and HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells were measured via the GSH/GSSG-Glo™ assay (means ± SDs; n = 3). e H 2 O 2 levels in HepG2 and HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells were measured by luminescence via the ROS-Glo™ H 2 O 2 assay (mean ± SD; n = 3). The effect of CuCl 2 concentrations in HepG2 or HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells (* p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001; **** p < 0.0001) and differences between HepG2 and HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells after 6–24 h (# p < 0.05; ## p < 0.01; ### p < 0.001; ####; p < 0.0001) were measured by two two-way ANOVA tests and a Tukey’s multiple comparison tests. Differences in gene expression between PHH Ctrl and WD cells was tested by an unpaired t-test (× p < 0.05; ×× p < 0.01). Ctrl control, PHH primary human hepatocytes, WD Wilson’s disease

    Article Snippet: Cell viability of CuCl 2 (Merck) or CuSO 4 (Merck) -treated HepG2 and HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells was measurement by cell counting assay (CCK-8, Sigma-Aldrich).

    Techniques: Gene Expression, Quantitative RT-PCR, Glo Assay, Comparison, Control

    Copper induces NFKB- and AP1-related inflammatory responses. HepG2 and HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells were treated with 0.2-0.2.6mmol/l CuCl 2 for 6 and 24 h. RNA from HepG2 and HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells and untreated PHH (Ctrl and WD) was extracted, and the gene expression of genes related to NFKB and AP1 ( a , FOS ; b , PLA2G2A ; c , JUN; d , JUNB ) was measured via two-step qRT‒PCR (mean ± SD; n = 3 (HepG2), n = 4 (PHH Ctrl), n = 2 (PHH WD)). Supernatants from HepG2 and HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells treated with CuCl 2 were collected, and various cytokine levels ( e , IL1B; f , TNF; g , IL8; h , GM-CSF) were measured via the LEGENDplex™ Assay (mean ± SD, n = 3). HepG2 and HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells were transfected with luciferase-based reporter plasmids pAP1-Luc ( i , j ), pNFKB-Luc ( k , l ) and pTA-Luc as a control and incubated with CuCl 2 . Measurement of NFKB and AP1 promoter activity was performed via a luciferase reporter assay (means ± SDs, n = 3). The effect of CuCl 2 concentrations in HepG2 or HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells (* p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001; **** p < 0.0001) and differences between HepG2 and HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells after 6–24 h (# p < 0.05; ## p < 0.01; ### p < 0.001; #### p < 0.0001) were measured by two-way ANOVA tests and Tukey’s multiple comparison tests. Differences in gene expression between PHH Ctrl and WD cells were tested by an unpaired t-test (× p < 0.05; ×× p < 0.01; ×××× p < 0.0001). Ctrl control, ns not significant, PHH primary human hepatocytes, WD Wilson’s disease

    Journal: Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry

    Article Title: High copper levels induce oxidative stress and inflammatory processes in a cell culture model of Wilson’s disease

    doi: 10.1007/s11010-026-05481-6

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Copper induces NFKB- and AP1-related inflammatory responses. HepG2 and HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells were treated with 0.2-0.2.6mmol/l CuCl 2 for 6 and 24 h. RNA from HepG2 and HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells and untreated PHH (Ctrl and WD) was extracted, and the gene expression of genes related to NFKB and AP1 ( a , FOS ; b , PLA2G2A ; c , JUN; d , JUNB ) was measured via two-step qRT‒PCR (mean ± SD; n = 3 (HepG2), n = 4 (PHH Ctrl), n = 2 (PHH WD)). Supernatants from HepG2 and HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells treated with CuCl 2 were collected, and various cytokine levels ( e , IL1B; f , TNF; g , IL8; h , GM-CSF) were measured via the LEGENDplex™ Assay (mean ± SD, n = 3). HepG2 and HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells were transfected with luciferase-based reporter plasmids pAP1-Luc ( i , j ), pNFKB-Luc ( k , l ) and pTA-Luc as a control and incubated with CuCl 2 . Measurement of NFKB and AP1 promoter activity was performed via a luciferase reporter assay (means ± SDs, n = 3). The effect of CuCl 2 concentrations in HepG2 or HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells (* p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001; **** p < 0.0001) and differences between HepG2 and HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells after 6–24 h (# p < 0.05; ## p < 0.01; ### p < 0.001; #### p < 0.0001) were measured by two-way ANOVA tests and Tukey’s multiple comparison tests. Differences in gene expression between PHH Ctrl and WD cells were tested by an unpaired t-test (× p < 0.05; ×× p < 0.01; ×××× p < 0.0001). Ctrl control, ns not significant, PHH primary human hepatocytes, WD Wilson’s disease

    Article Snippet: Cell viability of CuCl 2 (Merck) or CuSO 4 (Merck) -treated HepG2 and HepG2 ATP7B-KO cells was measurement by cell counting assay (CCK-8, Sigma-Aldrich).

    Techniques: Gene Expression, Transfection, Luciferase, Control, Incubation, Activity Assay, Reporter Assay, Comparison