Journal: Cell Reports Medicine
Article Title: Valrubicin-loaded immunoliposomes targeting antigens on immunosuppressive cells to circumvent resistance to cancer immunotherapy
doi: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2026.102632
Figure Lengend Snippet: Val-ILs and αPD-1 affect the growth and spread of breast tumor cells 10 6 4T1 cells were transplanted through i.d. injection into the mammary gland of female BALB/c mice. When tumors reached 50 mm 3 , mice were i.v. injected with Val-ILs (10 12 NPs) and i.p. injected with αPD-1 (200 μg) on days 6, 9, and 12. Analyses were performed on day 15 (A–E). (A) Tumor growth volumes measured in vivo. (B) Image of tumors isolated ex vivo from the mammary gland of mice (two independent in vivo experiments). Val-ILs-Combo was efficient in reducing the tumor volumes, and the combination of Val-ILs-Combo and αPD-1 was even more efficient. Mice without breast tumors are identified with a black cross. (C) FC on TAM cells in the TME and macrophages in the spleen, to identify M1-like and M2-like phenotypes. (D) Images of mice measured with in vivo imaging system technology showing the detection of bioluminescent 4T1 cells in the mammary gland, following treatment with Val-ILs-Combo and/or αPD-1. (E) FC was used to detect metastatic CD44 + GFP + 4T1 cells spreading to distant organs following treatment. Examples of FC plots and a heatmap displaying the mean percentages. Undetected (ud) indicates the absence of detectable tumor 4T1 cells. (F) On day 30, tumor-free mice were rechallenged with a secondary injection of 10 6 4T1 cells into the contralateral mammary gland. Tumor growth was monitored to evaluate the establishment of a protective anti-tumor memory. The number of mice used per group is indicated on the figure, data are shown as means ± SD, and p values are compared to Val-ILs-IgG + αIgG or between the different groups and are calculated using one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test. See also .
Article Snippet: APC anti-Mouse CD44 (Clone REA664) , Miltenyi Biotec , Cat# 130-119-121; RRID: AB_2751628.
Techniques: Injection, In Vivo, Isolation, Ex Vivo, In Vivo Imaging