Journal: The Journal of Biological Chemistry
Article Title: HMGN1 and HMGN2 are recruited to acetylated and histone variant H2A.Z-containing nucleosomes to regulate chromatin state and transcription
doi: 10.1016/j.jbc.2025.110997
Figure Lengend Snippet: HMGN proteins localize to transcriptionally active regions of the genome . A , genome browser tracks of HMGN1, HMGN2, H3K27ac, H3K4me3, H2A.Z, RAD21, and CTCF ChIP-Seq signal at the promoter of Sox2 and the super-enhancer domain downstream of Sox2 in WT mESCs. B , Pearson’s correlation hierarchical clustering heatmap of genome-wide signal of HMGN1, HMGN2, H3K27ac, H3K4me3, H2A.Z, RAD21, and CTCF ChIP-Seq datasets in WT mESCs. C , bar graph of the number of expressed genes and non-expressed genes in the mouse embryonic stem cell (mESC) genome bound and not bound by HMGN1 and HMGN2. Active genes are defined as genes with a RPKM value ≥22 as defined by the EMBL Expression Atlas. D , UpSet plot of HMGN1 ChIP-Seq peaks in WT mESCs displaying intersection of sets of peaks at H3K27ac, H3K4me3, transcription start sites (TSSs), H2A.Z, RAD21, CTCF, and other sites. E , bar graph of the number of HMGN1 peaks that overlap with H3K4me3, H3K27ac, CTCF, H2A.Z, TSSs, RAD21, and other peaks in WT mESCs. F , average signal plot of HMGN1, HMGN2, H3K27ac, H3K4me3, H2A.Z, RAD21, and CTCF ChIP-Seq signal at a union list of all HMGN1 and HMGN2 peaks (Z-score normalized). G , clustered heatmaps of HMGN1, HMGN2, H3K27ac, H3K4me3, H2A.Z, RAD21, and CTCF ChIP-Seq signal at active enhancers, active promoters, and insulator sites, ordered by HMGN2 signal (Z-score normalized). H , average signal plots of HMGN1, HMGN2, H3K27ac, H3K4me3, H2A.Z, RAD21, and CTCF ChIP-Seq signal in WT mESCs at active enhancers, active promoters, and insulator sites (Z-score normalized). ChIP-Seq, chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing; HMGN, High Mobility Nucleosome-binding protein; mESC, mouse embryonic stem cell; RPKM, reads per kilobase of transcript per million mapped reads.
Article Snippet: The following validated primary antibodies were used for Western blotting: SMC1 (Bethyl; catalog no.: A300-055A), SMC3 (Abcam; catalog no.: ab9263), RAD21 (Bethyl; catalog no.: A300-080A), CTCF (Active Motif; catalog no.: 31917004), Histone H3 (Abcam; catalog no.: ab1791), Actin (Abcam; catalog no.: ab190476), HMGN2 (Cell Signaling; catalog no.: 9437S), H3K27ac (Abcam; catalog no.: ab4729), H3K4me3 (Abcam; catalog no.: ab8580), H3K9ac (Millipore; catalog no.: 07-352), H3K18ac (Millipore; catalog no.: 07-354), and H3K23ac (Abcam; catalog no.: ab177275).
Techniques: ChIP-sequencing, Genome Wide, Expressing, Chromatin Immunoprecipitation, Sequencing, Binding Assay