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Influence of saccharide mimetics on endothelial networking (matrigel-assay) (A) and tube formation (B,C). A: The matrigel-assay is used to assess the initial stages of tube formation, i.e., the lining-up and subsequent formation of networks between endothelial cells. In the experiment shown, cells were stimulated with TNF or left untreated for 24 h, then (4-{[(β-D-galactopyranosyl)oxy]methyl}furan-3-yl)methyl hydrogen sulfate (GSF) was added in the concentrations indicated. The cells were then seeded onto the matrigel, which consists of a solubilized complex basement membrane of the EHS mouse tumor , and incubated overnight. B: The tubing assay measures the formation of endothelial tubules in a coculture of HUVEC and fibroblast cells (dots seen in the background). VEGF, which is necessary for proper in vitro tubule formation, was added at day 0 to the cells together with GSF or 3,4-bis{[(β-D-galactopyranosyl)oxy]methyl}furan (BGF) in the concentrations indicated. As one control, tubule formation is shown with VEGF only (untreated) or with 3,4-bis(hydroxymethyl)furan (5 mM control*). The growth media including growth factors and the respective mimetics were changed at days 4 and 7. At day 9 the medium was removed and the endothelial cells were stained with a monoclonal antibody against the cell surface antigen CD31 to allow evaluation of tubule formation. The assay was performed in three independent experiments with the same results in terms of the GSF effect. C: The tubule formation as observed under the microscopic was quantitatively analyzed using Angiosys 1.0 software, which counts the total tubule length, number of tubules and junctions between different tubules. Here, we show the results for total tubule length of an experiment performed as shown in panel B. The values are means and standard deviations of three experiments, * = p < 0.05, *** = p < 0.001 of the GSF exposed cells compared to VEGF alone. ANOVA one-way analysis of variance showed the concentration dependence of the GSF effect to be significant with p < 0.0001. The results for the other parameters reflected the same tendency of inhibitory capacity of GSF with increasing concentrations.
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1) Product Images from "An easily accessible sulfated saccharide mimetic inhibits in vitro human tumor cell adhesion and angiogenesis of vascular endothelial cells"

Article Title: An easily accessible sulfated saccharide mimetic inhibits in vitro human tumor cell adhesion and angiogenesis of vascular endothelial cells

Journal: Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry

doi: 10.3762/bjoc.8.89

Influence of saccharide mimetics on endothelial networking (matrigel-assay) (A) and tube formation (B,C). A: The matrigel-assay is used to assess the initial stages of tube formation, i.e., the lining-up and subsequent formation of networks between endothelial cells. In the experiment shown, cells were stimulated with TNF or left untreated for 24 h, then (4-{[(β-D-galactopyranosyl)oxy]methyl}furan-3-yl)methyl hydrogen sulfate (GSF) was added in the concentrations indicated. The cells were then seeded onto the matrigel, which consists of a solubilized complex basement membrane of the EHS mouse tumor , and incubated overnight. B: The tubing assay measures the formation of endothelial tubules in a coculture of HUVEC and fibroblast cells (dots seen in the background). VEGF, which is necessary for proper in vitro tubule formation, was added at day 0 to the cells together with GSF or 3,4-bis{[(β-D-galactopyranosyl)oxy]methyl}furan (BGF) in the concentrations indicated. As one control, tubule formation is shown with VEGF only (untreated) or with 3,4-bis(hydroxymethyl)furan (5 mM control*). The growth media including growth factors and the respective mimetics were changed at days 4 and 7. At day 9 the medium was removed and the endothelial cells were stained with a monoclonal antibody against the cell surface antigen CD31 to allow evaluation of tubule formation. The assay was performed in three independent experiments with the same results in terms of the GSF effect. C: The tubule formation as observed under the microscopic was quantitatively analyzed using Angiosys 1.0 software, which counts the total tubule length, number of tubules and junctions between different tubules. Here, we show the results for total tubule length of an experiment performed as shown in panel B. The values are means and standard deviations of three experiments, * = p < 0.05, *** = p < 0.001 of the GSF exposed cells compared to VEGF alone. ANOVA one-way analysis of variance showed the concentration dependence of the GSF effect to be significant with p < 0.0001. The results for the other parameters reflected the same tendency of inhibitory capacity of GSF with increasing concentrations.
Figure Legend Snippet: Influence of saccharide mimetics on endothelial networking (matrigel-assay) (A) and tube formation (B,C). A: The matrigel-assay is used to assess the initial stages of tube formation, i.e., the lining-up and subsequent formation of networks between endothelial cells. In the experiment shown, cells were stimulated with TNF or left untreated for 24 h, then (4-{[(β-D-galactopyranosyl)oxy]methyl}furan-3-yl)methyl hydrogen sulfate (GSF) was added in the concentrations indicated. The cells were then seeded onto the matrigel, which consists of a solubilized complex basement membrane of the EHS mouse tumor , and incubated overnight. B: The tubing assay measures the formation of endothelial tubules in a coculture of HUVEC and fibroblast cells (dots seen in the background). VEGF, which is necessary for proper in vitro tubule formation, was added at day 0 to the cells together with GSF or 3,4-bis{[(β-D-galactopyranosyl)oxy]methyl}furan (BGF) in the concentrations indicated. As one control, tubule formation is shown with VEGF only (untreated) or with 3,4-bis(hydroxymethyl)furan (5 mM control*). The growth media including growth factors and the respective mimetics were changed at days 4 and 7. At day 9 the medium was removed and the endothelial cells were stained with a monoclonal antibody against the cell surface antigen CD31 to allow evaluation of tubule formation. The assay was performed in three independent experiments with the same results in terms of the GSF effect. C: The tubule formation as observed under the microscopic was quantitatively analyzed using Angiosys 1.0 software, which counts the total tubule length, number of tubules and junctions between different tubules. Here, we show the results for total tubule length of an experiment performed as shown in panel B. The values are means and standard deviations of three experiments, * = p < 0.05, *** = p < 0.001 of the GSF exposed cells compared to VEGF alone. ANOVA one-way analysis of variance showed the concentration dependence of the GSF effect to be significant with p < 0.0001. The results for the other parameters reflected the same tendency of inhibitory capacity of GSF with increasing concentrations.

Techniques Used: Matrigel Assay, Incubation, In Vitro, Staining, Software, Concentration Assay

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Article Snippet: After 3× washing with PBS, ZytoChem Plus HRP One-Step Polymer anti-Mouse/Rabbit/Rat (Zytomed Systems GmbH, Berlin, Germany; ready-to-use) was added for 30 min. Then, the samples were washed 3× with PBS and incubated with DAB (3,3′-diaminobenzidine; Zytomed Systems GmbH) for approximately 5–10 min. Widefield microscopy was performed using a BZ-9000 microscope (Keyence, Japan), and the images were analyzed using the ImageJ 1.48t (Wayne Rasband, Kensington, MD, USA) and AngioSys 1.0 (TCS Cellworks, Buckingham, UK).

Article Title: Influence of Regioselectively Sulfated Cellulose on in Vitro Vascularization of Biomimetic Bone Matrices.
Article Snippet: Subscriber access provided by Kaohsiung Medical University is published by the American Chemical Society.. 1155 Sixteenth Street N.W., Washington, DC 20036 Published by American Chemical Society.. Copyright © American Chemical Society.

Polymer:

Article Title: PP242 suppresses cell proliferation, metastasis, and angiogenesis of gastric cancer through inhibition of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway
Article Snippet: Images were then processed using Adobe Photoshop CS2 9.0.2 (Adobe Systems, San Jose, California, USA) with the Image Processing Tool Kit plug-ins (Reindeer Graphics, Asheville, North Carolina, USA) and analyzed using Angiosys 1.0 (TCS Cellworks, Buckingham, UK).

Article Title: VEGF165A microsphere therapy for myocardial infarction suppresses acute cytokine release and increases microvascular density but does not improve cardiac function.
Article Snippet: André Uitterdijk,* Tirza Springeling,* Matthijs van Kranenburg, Richard W. B. van Duin, Ilona Krabbendam-Peters, Charlotte Gorsse-Bakker, Stefan Sneep, Rorry van Haeren, Ruud Verrijk, Robert-Jan M. van Geuns, Willem J. van der Giessen, Tommi Markkula, Dirk J. Duncker, and Heleen M. M. van Beusekom Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Cardiology and Radiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; OctoPlus, Leiden, The Netherlands

Article Title: An easily accessible sulfated saccharide mimetic inhibits in vitro human tumor cell adhesion and angiogenesis of vascular endothelial cells
Article Snippet: Wells were sealed with mounting medium and microscopic quantitative analysis of tube formation was performed with the software Angiosys 1.0, TCS (Cellworks).

Article Title: Characterization of Naturally Occurring Bioactive Factor Mixtures for Bone Regeneration
Article Snippet: After 3x washing with PBS, ZytoChem Plus HRP One-Step Polymer anti-Mouse/Rabbit/Rat (ready-to-use; Zytomed Systems GmbH, Bargteheide, Germany) was added for 30 min. Then, samples were washed 3x with PBS and incubated with DAB (3,3’-diaminobenzidine; Zytomed Systems GmbH, Bargteheide, Germany) for approximately 5–10 min. Widefield microscopy was performed using a BZ-9000 microscope (Keyence, Osaka, Japan), and images were analyzed using ImageJ 1.48t (Wayne Rasband, Kensington, MD, USA) and Angiosys 1.0 (TCS Cellworks, Buckingham, UK).

Article Title: A Substrate-Mimicking Basement Membrane Drives the Organization of Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Endothelial Cells Into Perivascular Niche-Like Structures
Article Snippet: The formation of angiogenic sprouting was evaluated and quantified from these images by measuring the number of (i) tubule-like structures, (ii) anastomosis-like junctions, and (iii) meshes using an ImageJ program, Angiosys 1.0 (TCS Cellworks, Buckingham, England) as previously described ( ).

Article Title: Synergism between Hedgehog-GLI and EGFR Signaling in Hedgehog-Responsive Human Medulloblastoma Cells Induces Downregulation of Canonical Hedgehog-Target Genes and Stabilized Expression of GLI1
Article Snippet: The wells were sealed with mounting medium and microscopic quantitative analysis of tube formation was performed with the Angiosys 1.0, TCS (Cellworks) software.

Article Title: Chemotactic and Angiogenic Potential of Mineralized Collagen Scaffolds Functionalized with Naturally Occurring Bioactive Factor Mixtures to Stimulate Bone Regeneration
Article Snippet: After 3× washing with PBS, ZytoChem Plus HRP One-Step Polymer anti-Mouse/Rabbit/Rat (Zytomed Systems GmbH, Berlin, Germany; ready-to-use) was added for 30 min. Then, the samples were washed 3× with PBS and incubated with DAB (3,3′-diaminobenzidine; Zytomed Systems GmbH) for approximately 5–10 min. Widefield microscopy was performed using a BZ-9000 microscope (Keyence, Japan), and the images were analyzed using the ImageJ 1.48t (Wayne Rasband, Kensington, MD, USA) and AngioSys 1.0 (TCS Cellworks, Buckingham, UK).

Article Title: Influence of Regioselectively Sulfated Cellulose on in Vitro Vascularization of Biomimetic Bone Matrices.
Article Snippet: Subscriber access provided by Kaohsiung Medical University is published by the American Chemical Society.. 1155 Sixteenth Street N.W., Washington, DC 20036 Published by American Chemical Society.. Copyright © American Chemical Society.

Microscopy:

Article Title: PP242 suppresses cell proliferation, metastasis, and angiogenesis of gastric cancer through inhibition of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway
Article Snippet: Images were then processed using Adobe Photoshop CS2 9.0.2 (Adobe Systems, San Jose, California, USA) with the Image Processing Tool Kit plug-ins (Reindeer Graphics, Asheville, North Carolina, USA) and analyzed using Angiosys 1.0 (TCS Cellworks, Buckingham, UK).

Article Title: VEGF165A microsphere therapy for myocardial infarction suppresses acute cytokine release and increases microvascular density but does not improve cardiac function.
Article Snippet: André Uitterdijk,* Tirza Springeling,* Matthijs van Kranenburg, Richard W. B. van Duin, Ilona Krabbendam-Peters, Charlotte Gorsse-Bakker, Stefan Sneep, Rorry van Haeren, Ruud Verrijk, Robert-Jan M. van Geuns, Willem J. van der Giessen, Tommi Markkula, Dirk J. Duncker, and Heleen M. M. van Beusekom Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Cardiology and Radiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands; OctoPlus, Leiden, The Netherlands

Article Title: An easily accessible sulfated saccharide mimetic inhibits in vitro human tumor cell adhesion and angiogenesis of vascular endothelial cells
Article Snippet: Wells were sealed with mounting medium and microscopic quantitative analysis of tube formation was performed with the software Angiosys 1.0, TCS (Cellworks).

Article Title: Characterization of Naturally Occurring Bioactive Factor Mixtures for Bone Regeneration
Article Snippet: After 3x washing with PBS, ZytoChem Plus HRP One-Step Polymer anti-Mouse/Rabbit/Rat (ready-to-use; Zytomed Systems GmbH, Bargteheide, Germany) was added for 30 min. Then, samples were washed 3x with PBS and incubated with DAB (3,3’-diaminobenzidine; Zytomed Systems GmbH, Bargteheide, Germany) for approximately 5–10 min. Widefield microscopy was performed using a BZ-9000 microscope (Keyence, Osaka, Japan), and images were analyzed using ImageJ 1.48t (Wayne Rasband, Kensington, MD, USA) and Angiosys 1.0 (TCS Cellworks, Buckingham, UK).

Article Title: A Substrate-Mimicking Basement Membrane Drives the Organization of Human Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Endothelial Cells Into Perivascular Niche-Like Structures
Article Snippet: The formation of angiogenic sprouting was evaluated and quantified from these images by measuring the number of (i) tubule-like structures, (ii) anastomosis-like junctions, and (iii) meshes using an ImageJ program, Angiosys 1.0 (TCS Cellworks, Buckingham, England) as previously described ( ).

Article Title: Synergism between Hedgehog-GLI and EGFR Signaling in Hedgehog-Responsive Human Medulloblastoma Cells Induces Downregulation of Canonical Hedgehog-Target Genes and Stabilized Expression of GLI1
Article Snippet: The wells were sealed with mounting medium and microscopic quantitative analysis of tube formation was performed with the Angiosys 1.0, TCS (Cellworks) software.

Article Title: Chemotactic and Angiogenic Potential of Mineralized Collagen Scaffolds Functionalized with Naturally Occurring Bioactive Factor Mixtures to Stimulate Bone Regeneration
Article Snippet: After 3× washing with PBS, ZytoChem Plus HRP One-Step Polymer anti-Mouse/Rabbit/Rat (Zytomed Systems GmbH, Berlin, Germany; ready-to-use) was added for 30 min. Then, the samples were washed 3× with PBS and incubated with DAB (3,3′-diaminobenzidine; Zytomed Systems GmbH) for approximately 5–10 min. Widefield microscopy was performed using a BZ-9000 microscope (Keyence, Japan), and the images were analyzed using the ImageJ 1.48t (Wayne Rasband, Kensington, MD, USA) and AngioSys 1.0 (TCS Cellworks, Buckingham, UK).

Article Title: Influence of Regioselectively Sulfated Cellulose on in Vitro Vascularization of Biomimetic Bone Matrices.
Article Snippet: Subscriber access provided by Kaohsiung Medical University is published by the American Chemical Society.. 1155 Sixteenth Street N.W., Washington, DC 20036 Published by American Chemical Society.. Copyright © American Chemical Society.



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Influence of saccharide mimetics on endothelial networking (matrigel-assay) (A) and tube formation (B,C). A: The matrigel-assay is used to assess the initial stages of tube formation, i.e., the lining-up and subsequent formation of networks between endothelial cells. In the experiment shown, cells were stimulated with TNF or left untreated for 24 h, then (4-{[(β-D-galactopyranosyl)oxy]methyl}furan-3-yl)methyl hydrogen sulfate (GSF) was added in the concentrations indicated. The cells were then seeded onto the matrigel, which consists of a solubilized complex basement membrane of the EHS mouse tumor , and incubated overnight. B: The tubing assay measures the formation of endothelial tubules in a coculture of HUVEC and fibroblast cells (dots seen in the background). VEGF, which is necessary for proper in vitro tubule formation, was added at day 0 to the cells together with GSF or 3,4-bis{[(β-D-galactopyranosyl)oxy]methyl}furan (BGF) in the concentrations indicated. As one control, tubule formation is shown with VEGF only (untreated) or with 3,4-bis(hydroxymethyl)furan (5 mM control*). The growth media including growth factors and the respective mimetics were changed at days 4 and 7. At day 9 the medium was removed and the endothelial cells were stained with a monoclonal antibody against the cell surface antigen CD31 to allow evaluation of tubule formation. The assay was performed in three independent experiments with the same results in terms of the GSF effect. C: The tubule formation as observed under the microscopic was quantitatively analyzed using Angiosys 1.0 software, which counts the total tubule length, number of tubules and junctions between different tubules. Here, we show the results for total tubule length of an experiment performed as shown in panel B. The values are means and standard deviations of three experiments, * = p < 0.05, *** = p < 0.001 of the GSF exposed cells compared to VEGF alone. ANOVA one-way analysis of variance showed the concentration dependence of the GSF effect to be significant with p < 0.0001. The results for the other parameters reflected the same tendency of inhibitory capacity of GSF with increasing concentrations.

Journal: Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry

Article Title: An easily accessible sulfated saccharide mimetic inhibits in vitro human tumor cell adhesion and angiogenesis of vascular endothelial cells

doi: 10.3762/bjoc.8.89

Figure Lengend Snippet: Influence of saccharide mimetics on endothelial networking (matrigel-assay) (A) and tube formation (B,C). A: The matrigel-assay is used to assess the initial stages of tube formation, i.e., the lining-up and subsequent formation of networks between endothelial cells. In the experiment shown, cells were stimulated with TNF or left untreated for 24 h, then (4-{[(β-D-galactopyranosyl)oxy]methyl}furan-3-yl)methyl hydrogen sulfate (GSF) was added in the concentrations indicated. The cells were then seeded onto the matrigel, which consists of a solubilized complex basement membrane of the EHS mouse tumor , and incubated overnight. B: The tubing assay measures the formation of endothelial tubules in a coculture of HUVEC and fibroblast cells (dots seen in the background). VEGF, which is necessary for proper in vitro tubule formation, was added at day 0 to the cells together with GSF or 3,4-bis{[(β-D-galactopyranosyl)oxy]methyl}furan (BGF) in the concentrations indicated. As one control, tubule formation is shown with VEGF only (untreated) or with 3,4-bis(hydroxymethyl)furan (5 mM control*). The growth media including growth factors and the respective mimetics were changed at days 4 and 7. At day 9 the medium was removed and the endothelial cells were stained with a monoclonal antibody against the cell surface antigen CD31 to allow evaluation of tubule formation. The assay was performed in three independent experiments with the same results in terms of the GSF effect. C: The tubule formation as observed under the microscopic was quantitatively analyzed using Angiosys 1.0 software, which counts the total tubule length, number of tubules and junctions between different tubules. Here, we show the results for total tubule length of an experiment performed as shown in panel B. The values are means and standard deviations of three experiments, * = p < 0.05, *** = p < 0.001 of the GSF exposed cells compared to VEGF alone. ANOVA one-way analysis of variance showed the concentration dependence of the GSF effect to be significant with p < 0.0001. The results for the other parameters reflected the same tendency of inhibitory capacity of GSF with increasing concentrations.

Article Snippet: Wells were sealed with mounting medium and microscopic quantitative analysis of tube formation was performed with the software Angiosys 1.0, TCS (Cellworks).

Techniques: Matrigel Assay, Incubation, In Vitro, Staining, Software, Concentration Assay