Journal: Redox Biology

Article Title: Quercetin improves retinal glycolysis to slow myopia progression through orchestrating the AKT/FOXO/HK2 axis

doi: 10.1016/j.redox.2026.104139

Figure Lengend Snippet: Multi-omics analysis of the regulation of glycolysis by PI3K/AKT/FOXO signaling pathway in myopic retina. A-C. The distribution of HK2, PFKL, and PKM in various retinal cell types was analyzed by single-cell sequencing. D. UMAP visualization of the transcriptomic diversity of the retina. Cell types are shown in different colors. E-G. Heat maps of HK2, PFKL, and PKM expression levels in various retinal cell types were analyzed by single-cell sequencing. H. KEGG analysis of differentially expressed genes in retinal single-cell RNA sequencing. I. Heat map of proteomic analysis results. J. Heat maps of phosphorylated proteomics analysis. K. Phosphorylated proteomics KEGG analysis results. L. Proteomic KEGG analysis results. M. HK2, PFKL, and PKM2 expression were detected by Western blot in NC-OS, NC-OD, LIM-OS, and LIM-OD. Samples derived from the same experiment and that blots were processed in parallel. N. PIK3Ca, p -PIK3Ca, AKT1, p -AKT1,FOXO3a, and p -FOXO3a expression detected by Western blot in NC-OS, NC-OD, LIM-OS, and LIM-OD. Samples derived from the same experiment and that blots were processed in parallel. O-T. Bar graphs of Western blot analysis for PIK3Ca、p- PIK3Ca 、AKT1、p-AKT1, FOXO3a, and p -FOXO3a in NC-OS, NC-OD, LIM-OS and LIM-OD (∗∗∗P < 0.001). U-X. Bar graphs of Western blot analysis for HK2, PFKL, and PKM2 in NC-OS, NC-OD, LIM-OS, and LIM-OD (∗∗∗P < 0.001). Y. Bar graphs of LA analysis in NC-OS, NC-OD, LIM-OS and LIM-OD groups (∗∗∗P < 0.001, ∗P < 0.05). Z. Bar graphs of LAHA analysis in NC-OS, NC-OD, LIM-OS and LIM-OD groups (∗∗∗P < 0.001, ∗P < 0.05).

Article Snippet: AKT1 , 1:300 , bs0115R, Bioss, China.

Techniques: Biomarker Discovery, Single Cell, Sequencing, Expressing, RNA Sequencing, Western Blot, Derivative Assay

Journal: Redox Biology

Article Title: Quercetin improves retinal glycolysis to slow myopia progression through orchestrating the AKT/FOXO/HK2 axis

doi: 10.1016/j.redox.2026.104139

Figure Lengend Snippet: Gene and protein interaction analysis. A, B. AKT1-HK2, FOXO3a-HK2 molecular docking. C. Dual luciferase analysis of FOXO3 regulation of HK2. D. The protein interactions between AKT1 and HK2, FOXO3a and HK2 were analyzed by co-immunoprecipitation.

Article Snippet: AKT1 , 1:300 , bs0115R, Bioss, China.

Techniques: Luciferase, Immunoprecipitation

Journal: Redox Biology

Article Title: Quercetin improves retinal glycolysis to slow myopia progression through orchestrating the AKT/FOXO/HK2 axis

doi: 10.1016/j.redox.2026.104139

Figure Lengend Snippet: Quercetin inhibits the PI3K signaling pathway and affects glycolysis. A.PIK3Ca、p- PIK3Ca 、AKT1、p-AKT1, FOXO3a, p -FOXO3a, HK2, PFKL, PKM2 and LDHA expression detected by Western blot in NC, LIM, DMSO, Que-L, Que-M, Que-H group in 4w and 6w. Samples derived from the same experiment and that blots were processed in parallel. B–U. Bar graphs of Western blot analysis for PIK3Ca、p- PIK3Ca 、AKT1、p-AKT1, FOXO3a, p -FOXO3a, HK2, PFKL, PKM2, and LDHA in NC, LIM, DMSO, Que-L, Que-M, Que-H group in 4w and 6w. (∗∗∗P < 0.001). V. PIK3Ca, AKT1, FOXO3a immunofluorescence staining in NC, LIM, DMSO, Que-L, Que-M, Que-H group in 4w and 6w. W. HK2, PFKL, and LDHA immunofluorescence staining in NC, LIM, DMSO, Que-L, Que-M, Que-H group in 4w and 6w.

Article Snippet: AKT1 , 1:300 , bs0115R, Bioss, China.

Techniques: Expressing, Western Blot, Derivative Assay, Immunofluorescence, Staining