Review



stem cells  (Santa Cruz Biotechnology)


Bioz Verified Symbol Santa Cruz Biotechnology is a verified supplier  
  • Logo
  • About
  • News
  • Press Release
  • Team
  • Advisors
  • Partners
  • Contact
  • Bioz Stars
  • Bioz vStars
  • 93

    Structured Review

    Santa Cruz Biotechnology stem cells
    Stem Cells, supplied by Santa Cruz Biotechnology, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 93/100, based on 26 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/stem+cell+factor/Stem-Cell+Factor%2Fc-Kit+Inhibitor%2C+ISCK03/pm37652985-24-5-10
    Average 93 stars, based on 26 article reviews
    stem cells - by Bioz Stars, 2026-11
    93/100 stars

    Images

    Related Articles

    Incubation:

    Article Title: Understanding human embryogenesis by building programmable stem cell-based models.
    Article Snippet: Potential for advancing developmental biology using synthetic biology tools Despite being one of the most consequential times in human development, the peri-implantation period is one of the least understood due to technical and regulatory constraints that make it inaccessible for direct study [1].. Over the past decade, scientists have realized the potential of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) to form structures that capture key aspects of embryogenesis, leading to the development of stem cell-based embryo models (SEMs) [2–5].. These structures can mimic different stages of natural embryogenesis morphologically and molecularly, offering an accessible system for studies spanning what had been considered as a ‘black box’.

    Article Title: 3135 – INVESTIGATING THE ROLE OF INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR 2 (IGF2) IN PROLIFERATION OF THE EARLY POSTNATAL HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELLS (HSCS)
    Article Snippet: 3134 − UNDERSTANDING MAJOR DRIVERS OF AGE-INDUCED PLATELET DYSREGULATION AND THROMBOSIS Raana Mogharrab, Camilla Forsberg, Bryce Manso, Paloma Medina, Donna Poscablo, Balyn Zaro Institute for the Biology of Stem Cells, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, Santa Cruz, United States; Program in Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, Santa Cruz, United States; Institute for the Biology of Stem Cells, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States; Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States

    Article Title: Self-organization of mouse embryonic stem cells into reproducible pre-gastrulation embryo models via CRISPRa programming.
    Article Snippet: 1Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA 2Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA 3Institute for The Biology of Stem Cells, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA 4Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA 5Neurosetta LLC, Madison, WI, USA 6Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, Madison, WI, USA 7Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA 8Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA 9Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA 10Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA 11These authors contributed equally 12Lead contact *Correspondence: alish@ucsc.edu https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stem.2025.02.015

    Article Title: Modeling Choroideremia Disease with Isogenic Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells.
    Article Snippet: Choroideremia (CHM) is a rare X-linked chorioretinal dystrophy causing progressive vision loss due to mutations in the CHM gene, leading to Rab escort protein 1 loss of function.. CHM disease is characterized by a progressive degeneration of the choroid, the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), and the retina.. The RPE is a monolayer of polarized cells that supports photoreceptors, providing nutrients, growth factors, and ions, and removes retinal metabolism waste products, having a central role in CHM pathogenesis.

    Blocking Assay:

    Article Title: Understanding human embryogenesis by building programmable stem cell-based models.
    Article Snippet: Potential for advancing developmental biology using synthetic biology tools Despite being one of the most consequential times in human development, the peri-implantation period is one of the least understood due to technical and regulatory constraints that make it inaccessible for direct study [1].. Over the past decade, scientists have realized the potential of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) to form structures that capture key aspects of embryogenesis, leading to the development of stem cell-based embryo models (SEMs) [2–5].. These structures can mimic different stages of natural embryogenesis morphologically and molecularly, offering an accessible system for studies spanning what had been considered as a ‘black box’.

    Article Title: 3135 – INVESTIGATING THE ROLE OF INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR 2 (IGF2) IN PROLIFERATION OF THE EARLY POSTNATAL HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELLS (HSCS)
    Article Snippet: 3134 − UNDERSTANDING MAJOR DRIVERS OF AGE-INDUCED PLATELET DYSREGULATION AND THROMBOSIS Raana Mogharrab, Camilla Forsberg, Bryce Manso, Paloma Medina, Donna Poscablo, Balyn Zaro Institute for the Biology of Stem Cells, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, Santa Cruz, United States; Program in Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, Santa Cruz, United States; Institute for the Biology of Stem Cells, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States; Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States

    Article Title: Self-organization of mouse embryonic stem cells into reproducible pre-gastrulation embryo models via CRISPRa programming.
    Article Snippet: 1Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA 2Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA 3Institute for The Biology of Stem Cells, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA 4Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA 5Neurosetta LLC, Madison, WI, USA 6Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, Madison, WI, USA 7Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA 8Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA 9Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA 10Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA 11These authors contributed equally 12Lead contact *Correspondence: alish@ucsc.edu https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stem.2025.02.015

    Article Title: Modeling Choroideremia Disease with Isogenic Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells.
    Article Snippet: Choroideremia (CHM) is a rare X-linked chorioretinal dystrophy causing progressive vision loss due to mutations in the CHM gene, leading to Rab escort protein 1 loss of function.. CHM disease is characterized by a progressive degeneration of the choroid, the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), and the retina.. The RPE is a monolayer of polarized cells that supports photoreceptors, providing nutrients, growth factors, and ions, and removes retinal metabolism waste products, having a central role in CHM pathogenesis.

    Staining:

    Article Title: Understanding human embryogenesis by building programmable stem cell-based models.
    Article Snippet: Potential for advancing developmental biology using synthetic biology tools Despite being one of the most consequential times in human development, the peri-implantation period is one of the least understood due to technical and regulatory constraints that make it inaccessible for direct study [1].. Over the past decade, scientists have realized the potential of pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) to form structures that capture key aspects of embryogenesis, leading to the development of stem cell-based embryo models (SEMs) [2–5].. These structures can mimic different stages of natural embryogenesis morphologically and molecularly, offering an accessible system for studies spanning what had been considered as a ‘black box’.

    Article Title: 3135 – INVESTIGATING THE ROLE OF INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR 2 (IGF2) IN PROLIFERATION OF THE EARLY POSTNATAL HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELLS (HSCS)
    Article Snippet: 3134 − UNDERSTANDING MAJOR DRIVERS OF AGE-INDUCED PLATELET DYSREGULATION AND THROMBOSIS Raana Mogharrab, Camilla Forsberg, Bryce Manso, Paloma Medina, Donna Poscablo, Balyn Zaro Institute for the Biology of Stem Cells, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, Santa Cruz, United States; Program in Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, Santa Cruz, United States; Institute for the Biology of Stem Cells, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States; Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, United States; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States

    Article Title: Self-organization of mouse embryonic stem cells into reproducible pre-gastrulation embryo models via CRISPRa programming.
    Article Snippet: 1Department of Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA 2Genomics Institute, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA 3Institute for The Biology of Stem Cells, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA 4Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA 5Neurosetta LLC, Madison, WI, USA 6Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, Madison, WI, USA 7Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA 8Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA 9Sarafan ChEM-H, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA 10Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA 11These authors contributed equally 12Lead contact *Correspondence: alish@ucsc.edu https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stem.2025.02.015

    Article Title: Modeling Choroideremia Disease with Isogenic Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells.
    Article Snippet: Choroideremia (CHM) is a rare X-linked chorioretinal dystrophy causing progressive vision loss due to mutations in the CHM gene, leading to Rab escort protein 1 loss of function.. CHM disease is characterized by a progressive degeneration of the choroid, the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), and the retina.. The RPE is a monolayer of polarized cells that supports photoreceptors, providing nutrients, growth factors, and ions, and removes retinal metabolism waste products, having a central role in CHM pathogenesis.



    Similar Products

    94
    Kingfisher Biotech chicken scf
    Chicken Scf, supplied by Kingfisher Biotech, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 94/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/stem+cell+factor/Chicken+SCF+(Stem+Cell+Factor)+Recombinant+Protein/pm42877069-311-42-44
    Average 94 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    chicken scf - by Bioz Stars, 2026-11
    94/100 stars
      Buy from Supplier

    92
    Elabscience Biotechnology human scf elisa kit
    HCC cells promote MC migration and sustain MC proliferation. (A, B) Timer3.0 database analysis of <t>SCF</t> expression in tumors and correlation analysis between SCF and MCs; (C) <t>ELISA</t> detection of SCF levels in tumor tissues and adjacent tissues; (D) Correlation analysis between TAMC density and SCF concentration in HCC tumor tissues; (E): Flow cytometry identification of expanded hMCs at week 4; (F, G) Transwell assay for hMC migration capacity; (H, I) Flow cytometry for hMC proliferation; (J, K) Flow cytometry for hMC cell cycle. Data are presented as mean ± SD. Figure (B) used independent samples t ‐tests ( n = 59). (D) Spearman 's rank correlation analysis ( n = 59); (G/I/K), one‐way ANOVA with Tukey's post‐hoc multiple comparison test ( N = 3). * indicates p < 0.05; *** indicates p < 0.001.
    Human Scf Elisa Kit, supplied by Elabscience Biotechnology, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 92/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/stem+cell+factor/Human+SCF+(Stem+Cell+Factor)+ELISA+Kit/pmc13682500-84-5-10
    Average 92 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    human scf elisa kit - by Bioz Stars, 2026-11
    92/100 stars
      Buy from Supplier

    94
    Bio-Techne corporation cultrex stem cell qualified rgf basement membrane extract
    HCC cells promote MC migration and sustain MC proliferation. (A, B) Timer3.0 database analysis of <t>SCF</t> expression in tumors and correlation analysis between SCF and MCs; (C) <t>ELISA</t> detection of SCF levels in tumor tissues and adjacent tissues; (D) Correlation analysis between TAMC density and SCF concentration in HCC tumor tissues; (E): Flow cytometry identification of expanded hMCs at week 4; (F, G) Transwell assay for hMC migration capacity; (H, I) Flow cytometry for hMC proliferation; (J, K) Flow cytometry for hMC cell cycle. Data are presented as mean ± SD. Figure (B) used independent samples t ‐tests ( n = 59). (D) Spearman 's rank correlation analysis ( n = 59); (G/I/K), one‐way ANOVA with Tukey's post‐hoc multiple comparison test ( N = 3). * indicates p < 0.05; *** indicates p < 0.001.
    Cultrex Stem Cell Qualified Rgf Basement Membrane Extract, supplied by Bio-Techne corporation, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 94/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/stem+cell+factor/Cultrex+Stem+Cell+Qualified+RGF+Basement+Membrane+Extract/bio-techne+corporation___3434-010-02
    Average 94 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    cultrex stem cell qualified rgf basement membrane extract - by Bioz Stars, 2026-11
    94/100 stars
      Buy from Supplier

    94
    Kingfisher Biotech cscf
    HCC cells promote MC migration and sustain MC proliferation. (A, B) Timer3.0 database analysis of <t>SCF</t> expression in tumors and correlation analysis between SCF and MCs; (C) <t>ELISA</t> detection of SCF levels in tumor tissues and adjacent tissues; (D) Correlation analysis between TAMC density and SCF concentration in HCC tumor tissues; (E): Flow cytometry identification of expanded hMCs at week 4; (F, G) Transwell assay for hMC migration capacity; (H, I) Flow cytometry for hMC proliferation; (J, K) Flow cytometry for hMC cell cycle. Data are presented as mean ± SD. Figure (B) used independent samples t ‐tests ( n = 59). (D) Spearman 's rank correlation analysis ( n = 59); (G/I/K), one‐way ANOVA with Tukey's post‐hoc multiple comparison test ( N = 3). * indicates p < 0.05; *** indicates p < 0.001.
    Cscf, supplied by Kingfisher Biotech, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 94/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/stem+cell+factor/Chicken+SCF+(Stem+Cell+Factor)+Recombinant+Protein/pm42201174-201-167-168
    Average 94 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    cscf - by Bioz Stars, 2026-11
    94/100 stars
      Buy from Supplier

    93
    R&D Systems bme
    HCC cells promote MC migration and sustain MC proliferation. (A, B) Timer3.0 database analysis of <t>SCF</t> expression in tumors and correlation analysis between SCF and MCs; (C) <t>ELISA</t> detection of SCF levels in tumor tissues and adjacent tissues; (D) Correlation analysis between TAMC density and SCF concentration in HCC tumor tissues; (E): Flow cytometry identification of expanded hMCs at week 4; (F, G) Transwell assay for hMC migration capacity; (H, I) Flow cytometry for hMC proliferation; (J, K) Flow cytometry for hMC cell cycle. Data are presented as mean ± SD. Figure (B) used independent samples t ‐tests ( n = 59). (D) Spearman 's rank correlation analysis ( n = 59); (G/I/K), one‐way ANOVA with Tukey's post‐hoc multiple comparison test ( N = 3). * indicates p < 0.05; *** indicates p < 0.001.
    Bme, supplied by R&D Systems, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 93/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/stem+cell+factor/Cultrex+ReadyBME%2C+Stem+Cell+Qualified%2C+Reduced+Growth+Factor/pm42031998-58-6-7
    Average 93 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    bme - by Bioz Stars, 2026-11
    93/100 stars
      Buy from Supplier

    94
    R&D Systems human stem cell factor
    HCC cells promote MC migration and sustain MC proliferation. (A, B) Timer3.0 database analysis of <t>SCF</t> expression in tumors and correlation analysis between SCF and MCs; (C) <t>ELISA</t> detection of SCF levels in tumor tissues and adjacent tissues; (D) Correlation analysis between TAMC density and SCF concentration in HCC tumor tissues; (E): Flow cytometry identification of expanded hMCs at week 4; (F, G) Transwell assay for hMC migration capacity; (H, I) Flow cytometry for hMC proliferation; (J, K) Flow cytometry for hMC cell cycle. Data are presented as mean ± SD. Figure (B) used independent samples t ‐tests ( n = 59). (D) Spearman 's rank correlation analysis ( n = 59); (G/I/K), one‐way ANOVA with Tukey's post‐hoc multiple comparison test ( N = 3). * indicates p < 0.05; *** indicates p < 0.001.
    Human Stem Cell Factor, supplied by R&D Systems, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 94/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/stem+cell+factor/Recombinant+Human+SCF+Protein%2C+CF/pm41963354-280-62-67
    Average 94 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    human stem cell factor - by Bioz Stars, 2026-11
    94/100 stars
      Buy from Supplier

    94
    Novus Biologicals stem cell factor scf
    HCC cells promote MC migration and sustain MC proliferation. (A, B) Timer3.0 database analysis of <t>SCF</t> expression in tumors and correlation analysis between SCF and MCs; (C) <t>ELISA</t> detection of SCF levels in tumor tissues and adjacent tissues; (D) Correlation analysis between TAMC density and SCF concentration in HCC tumor tissues; (E): Flow cytometry identification of expanded hMCs at week 4; (F, G) Transwell assay for hMC migration capacity; (H, I) Flow cytometry for hMC proliferation; (J, K) Flow cytometry for hMC cell cycle. Data are presented as mean ± SD. Figure (B) used independent samples t ‐tests ( n = 59). (D) Spearman 's rank correlation analysis ( n = 59); (G/I/K), one‐way ANOVA with Tukey's post‐hoc multiple comparison test ( N = 3). * indicates p < 0.05; *** indicates p < 0.001.
    Stem Cell Factor Scf, supplied by Novus Biologicals, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 94/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/stem+cell+factor/Recombinant+Human+SCF%2Fc-kit+Ligand+Protein/10__1016_slash_j__scr__2026__103992-34-41-45
    Average 94 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    stem cell factor scf - by Bioz Stars, 2026-11
    94/100 stars
      Buy from Supplier

    94
    Thermo Fisher stem cell factor
    HCC cells promote MC migration and sustain MC proliferation. (A, B) Timer3.0 database analysis of <t>SCF</t> expression in tumors and correlation analysis between SCF and MCs; (C) <t>ELISA</t> detection of SCF levels in tumor tissues and adjacent tissues; (D) Correlation analysis between TAMC density and SCF concentration in HCC tumor tissues; (E): Flow cytometry identification of expanded hMCs at week 4; (F, G) Transwell assay for hMC migration capacity; (H, I) Flow cytometry for hMC proliferation; (J, K) Flow cytometry for hMC cell cycle. Data are presented as mean ± SD. Figure (B) used independent samples t ‐tests ( n = 59). (D) Spearman 's rank correlation analysis ( n = 59); (G/I/K), one‐way ANOVA with Tukey's post‐hoc multiple comparison test ( N = 3). * indicates p < 0.05; *** indicates p < 0.001.
    Stem Cell Factor, supplied by Thermo Fisher, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 94/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/stem+cell+factor/Stem-Cell+Factor%2Fc-Kit+Inhibitor/pmc13052131-45-48-52
    Average 94 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    stem cell factor - by Bioz Stars, 2026-11
    94/100 stars
      Buy from Supplier

    93
    Cell Signaling Technology Inc recombinant mouse stem cell factor scf
    HCC cells promote MC migration and sustain MC proliferation. (A, B) Timer3.0 database analysis of <t>SCF</t> expression in tumors and correlation analysis between SCF and MCs; (C) <t>ELISA</t> detection of SCF levels in tumor tissues and adjacent tissues; (D) Correlation analysis between TAMC density and SCF concentration in HCC tumor tissues; (E): Flow cytometry identification of expanded hMCs at week 4; (F, G) Transwell assay for hMC migration capacity; (H, I) Flow cytometry for hMC proliferation; (J, K) Flow cytometry for hMC cell cycle. Data are presented as mean ± SD. Figure (B) used independent samples t ‐tests ( n = 59). (D) Spearman 's rank correlation analysis ( n = 59); (G/I/K), one‐way ANOVA with Tukey's post‐hoc multiple comparison test ( N = 3). * indicates p < 0.05; *** indicates p < 0.001.
    Recombinant Mouse Stem Cell Factor Scf, supplied by Cell Signaling Technology Inc, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 93/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/stem+cell+factor/Mouse+Stem+Cell+Factor/pm41888897-163-0-16
    Average 93 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    recombinant mouse stem cell factor scf - by Bioz Stars, 2026-11
    93/100 stars
      Buy from Supplier

    95
    Miltenyi Biotec stem cell factor
    HCC cells promote MC migration and sustain MC proliferation. (A, B) Timer3.0 database analysis of <t>SCF</t> expression in tumors and correlation analysis between SCF and MCs; (C) <t>ELISA</t> detection of SCF levels in tumor tissues and adjacent tissues; (D) Correlation analysis between TAMC density and SCF concentration in HCC tumor tissues; (E): Flow cytometry identification of expanded hMCs at week 4; (F, G) Transwell assay for hMC migration capacity; (H, I) Flow cytometry for hMC proliferation; (J, K) Flow cytometry for hMC cell cycle. Data are presented as mean ± SD. Figure (B) used independent samples t ‐tests ( n = 59). (D) Spearman 's rank correlation analysis ( n = 59); (G/I/K), one‐way ANOVA with Tukey's post‐hoc multiple comparison test ( N = 3). * indicates p < 0.05; *** indicates p < 0.001.
    Stem Cell Factor, supplied by Miltenyi Biotec, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 95/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/stem+cell+factor/Human+SCF%2C+research+grade/bio_rxiv__64898__2026__03__19__712939-413-19-22
    Average 95 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    stem cell factor - by Bioz Stars, 2026-11
    95/100 stars
      Buy from Supplier

    Image Search Results


    HCC cells promote MC migration and sustain MC proliferation. (A, B) Timer3.0 database analysis of SCF expression in tumors and correlation analysis between SCF and MCs; (C) ELISA detection of SCF levels in tumor tissues and adjacent tissues; (D) Correlation analysis between TAMC density and SCF concentration in HCC tumor tissues; (E): Flow cytometry identification of expanded hMCs at week 4; (F, G) Transwell assay for hMC migration capacity; (H, I) Flow cytometry for hMC proliferation; (J, K) Flow cytometry for hMC cell cycle. Data are presented as mean ± SD. Figure (B) used independent samples t ‐tests ( n = 59). (D) Spearman 's rank correlation analysis ( n = 59); (G/I/K), one‐way ANOVA with Tukey's post‐hoc multiple comparison test ( N = 3). * indicates p < 0.05; *** indicates p < 0.001.

    Journal: Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology

    Article Title: Tumor‐Associated Mast Cells Drive Immunosuppression and Resistance to Anti‐PD‐1 Therapy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Through CCL17/CCR4‐mediated Regulatory T‐Cell Recruitment

    doi: 10.1002/jbt.71127

    Figure Lengend Snippet: HCC cells promote MC migration and sustain MC proliferation. (A, B) Timer3.0 database analysis of SCF expression in tumors and correlation analysis between SCF and MCs; (C) ELISA detection of SCF levels in tumor tissues and adjacent tissues; (D) Correlation analysis between TAMC density and SCF concentration in HCC tumor tissues; (E): Flow cytometry identification of expanded hMCs at week 4; (F, G) Transwell assay for hMC migration capacity; (H, I) Flow cytometry for hMC proliferation; (J, K) Flow cytometry for hMC cell cycle. Data are presented as mean ± SD. Figure (B) used independent samples t ‐tests ( n = 59). (D) Spearman 's rank correlation analysis ( n = 59); (G/I/K), one‐way ANOVA with Tukey's post‐hoc multiple comparison test ( N = 3). * indicates p < 0.05; *** indicates p < 0.001.

    Article Snippet: The following kits were utilized: human SCF ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐H1299, Elabscience), human CCL1 ELISA kit (ab314600, Abcam), human CCL5 ELISA kit (ab174446, Abcam), human CCL17 ELISA kit (ab183366, Abcam), Human CCL22 ELISA Kit (ab242931, Abcam), Human CCL28 ELISA Kit (ab99988, Abcam), Human Granzyme B ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐H1617, Elabscience), Human Interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐H0108, Elabscience), Human TNF‐α ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐H0109, Elabscience), Human Perforin 1 ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐H1123, Elabscience), Mouse Granzyme B ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐M0594, Elabscience), Mouse IFN‐γ ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐M0048, Elabscience), Mouse TNF‐α ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐M3063, Elabscience), and Mouse Perforin ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐M0890, Elabscience).

    Techniques: Migration, Analysis, Expressing, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Concentration Assay, Flow Cytometry, Transwell Assay, Comparison, X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy

    TAMCs recruit Tregs into the tumor microenvironment by secreting chemokines. (A) ELISA detection of CCL1, CCL5, CCL17, CCL22, and CCL28 secretion by TAMCs (after subtracting CCL1, CCL5, CCL17, CCL22, and CCL28 levels in TCCS); (B) ELISA detection of CCL17 levels in tumor tissues and adjacent tissues; (C) Correlation analysis between TAMCs and CCL17 concentration; D: Correlation analysis between Tregs and CCL17 concentration; (E, F) Transwell migration assay to assess Treg migration capacity. Data are presented as mean ± SD. (A, B), independent samples t ‐tests ( N = 3); (C, D) Spearman 's rank correlation analysis ( n = 59); (F), one‐way ANOVA and Tukey's multiple comparison test ( N = 3). * indicates p < 0.05, ** indicates p < 0.01, *** indicates p < 0.001.

    Journal: Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology

    Article Title: Tumor‐Associated Mast Cells Drive Immunosuppression and Resistance to Anti‐PD‐1 Therapy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Through CCL17/CCR4‐mediated Regulatory T‐Cell Recruitment

    doi: 10.1002/jbt.71127

    Figure Lengend Snippet: TAMCs recruit Tregs into the tumor microenvironment by secreting chemokines. (A) ELISA detection of CCL1, CCL5, CCL17, CCL22, and CCL28 secretion by TAMCs (after subtracting CCL1, CCL5, CCL17, CCL22, and CCL28 levels in TCCS); (B) ELISA detection of CCL17 levels in tumor tissues and adjacent tissues; (C) Correlation analysis between TAMCs and CCL17 concentration; D: Correlation analysis between Tregs and CCL17 concentration; (E, F) Transwell migration assay to assess Treg migration capacity. Data are presented as mean ± SD. (A, B), independent samples t ‐tests ( N = 3); (C, D) Spearman 's rank correlation analysis ( n = 59); (F), one‐way ANOVA and Tukey's multiple comparison test ( N = 3). * indicates p < 0.05, ** indicates p < 0.01, *** indicates p < 0.001.

    Article Snippet: The following kits were utilized: human SCF ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐H1299, Elabscience), human CCL1 ELISA kit (ab314600, Abcam), human CCL5 ELISA kit (ab174446, Abcam), human CCL17 ELISA kit (ab183366, Abcam), Human CCL22 ELISA Kit (ab242931, Abcam), Human CCL28 ELISA Kit (ab99988, Abcam), Human Granzyme B ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐H1617, Elabscience), Human Interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐H0108, Elabscience), Human TNF‐α ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐H0109, Elabscience), Human Perforin 1 ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐H1123, Elabscience), Mouse Granzyme B ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐M0594, Elabscience), Mouse IFN‐γ ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐M0048, Elabscience), Mouse TNF‐α ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐M3063, Elabscience), and Mouse Perforin ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐M0890, Elabscience).

    Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Analysis, Concentration Assay, Transwell Migration Assay, Migration, Comparison

    The TAMCs‐Tregs axis inhibits CD8 + T cell function. (A, B) Flow cytometry analysis of Treg‐mediated suppression of CD8 + T cell proliferation; (C–F) ELISA for Granzyme B, IFN‐γ, TNF‐α, and Perforin in supernatants from CD8 + T cell proliferation assays. Data are presented as mean ± SD. One‐way ANOVA was performed, followed by Tukey's multiple comparison test for post‐hoc analysis ( N = 3). * indicates p < 0.05, ** indicates p < 0.01, *** indicates p < 0.001.

    Journal: Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology

    Article Title: Tumor‐Associated Mast Cells Drive Immunosuppression and Resistance to Anti‐PD‐1 Therapy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Through CCL17/CCR4‐mediated Regulatory T‐Cell Recruitment

    doi: 10.1002/jbt.71127

    Figure Lengend Snippet: The TAMCs‐Tregs axis inhibits CD8 + T cell function. (A, B) Flow cytometry analysis of Treg‐mediated suppression of CD8 + T cell proliferation; (C–F) ELISA for Granzyme B, IFN‐γ, TNF‐α, and Perforin in supernatants from CD8 + T cell proliferation assays. Data are presented as mean ± SD. One‐way ANOVA was performed, followed by Tukey's multiple comparison test for post‐hoc analysis ( N = 3). * indicates p < 0.05, ** indicates p < 0.01, *** indicates p < 0.001.

    Article Snippet: The following kits were utilized: human SCF ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐H1299, Elabscience), human CCL1 ELISA kit (ab314600, Abcam), human CCL5 ELISA kit (ab174446, Abcam), human CCL17 ELISA kit (ab183366, Abcam), Human CCL22 ELISA Kit (ab242931, Abcam), Human CCL28 ELISA Kit (ab99988, Abcam), Human Granzyme B ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐H1617, Elabscience), Human Interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐H0108, Elabscience), Human TNF‐α ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐H0109, Elabscience), Human Perforin 1 ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐H1123, Elabscience), Mouse Granzyme B ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐M0594, Elabscience), Mouse IFN‐γ ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐M0048, Elabscience), Mouse TNF‐α ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐M3063, Elabscience), and Mouse Perforin ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐M0890, Elabscience).

    Techniques: Cell Function Assay, Flow Cytometry, Analysis, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Comparison

    Combination therapy of anti‐PD‐1 antibody and CCR4 antagonists reshapes the tumor immune microenvironment in HCC. (A–F) Flow cytometry analysis of immune cell proportions (MCs, Tregs, CD8 + T cells) in tumor tissue; G–K: ELISA detection of Granzyme B, IFN‐γ, TNF‐α, Perforin, and CCL17 levels. Data are presented as mean ± SD. One‐way ANOVA was performed, followed by Tukey's multiple comparison test for post‐hoc analysis ( n = 6). * indicates p < 0.05, ** indicates p < 0.01, *** indicates p < 0.001.

    Journal: Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology

    Article Title: Tumor‐Associated Mast Cells Drive Immunosuppression and Resistance to Anti‐PD‐1 Therapy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Through CCL17/CCR4‐mediated Regulatory T‐Cell Recruitment

    doi: 10.1002/jbt.71127

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Combination therapy of anti‐PD‐1 antibody and CCR4 antagonists reshapes the tumor immune microenvironment in HCC. (A–F) Flow cytometry analysis of immune cell proportions (MCs, Tregs, CD8 + T cells) in tumor tissue; G–K: ELISA detection of Granzyme B, IFN‐γ, TNF‐α, Perforin, and CCL17 levels. Data are presented as mean ± SD. One‐way ANOVA was performed, followed by Tukey's multiple comparison test for post‐hoc analysis ( n = 6). * indicates p < 0.05, ** indicates p < 0.01, *** indicates p < 0.001.

    Article Snippet: The following kits were utilized: human SCF ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐H1299, Elabscience), human CCL1 ELISA kit (ab314600, Abcam), human CCL5 ELISA kit (ab174446, Abcam), human CCL17 ELISA kit (ab183366, Abcam), Human CCL22 ELISA Kit (ab242931, Abcam), Human CCL28 ELISA Kit (ab99988, Abcam), Human Granzyme B ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐H1617, Elabscience), Human Interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐H0108, Elabscience), Human TNF‐α ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐H0109, Elabscience), Human Perforin 1 ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐H1123, Elabscience), Mouse Granzyme B ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐M0594, Elabscience), Mouse IFN‐γ ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐M0048, Elabscience), Mouse TNF‐α ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐M3063, Elabscience), and Mouse Perforin ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐M0890, Elabscience).

    Techniques: Flow Cytometry, Analysis, Immune Cell, Tissue, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Comparison

    Validation of the synergistic antitumor efficacy of the triple‐drug therapy in an in situ Hepa1‐6 HCC model. (A) Representative images of in situ tumors; (B): Tumor volume in each group; (C) Tumor weight in each group; (D) Average ratio of liver weight to body weight; (E, F): Ki67 immunohistochemical staining and quantitative analysis; (G–L) Flow cytometry detection of the proportions of various immune cells (mast cells, Tregs, CD8 + T cells); (M) ELISA detection of Granzyme B, IFN‐γ, TNF‐α, and perforin levels. Data are presented as mean ± SD. One‐way ANOVA was performed, followed by Tukey's multiple comparison test for post‐hoc analysis ( n = 6).

    Journal: Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology

    Article Title: Tumor‐Associated Mast Cells Drive Immunosuppression and Resistance to Anti‐PD‐1 Therapy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Through CCL17/CCR4‐mediated Regulatory T‐Cell Recruitment

    doi: 10.1002/jbt.71127

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Validation of the synergistic antitumor efficacy of the triple‐drug therapy in an in situ Hepa1‐6 HCC model. (A) Representative images of in situ tumors; (B): Tumor volume in each group; (C) Tumor weight in each group; (D) Average ratio of liver weight to body weight; (E, F): Ki67 immunohistochemical staining and quantitative analysis; (G–L) Flow cytometry detection of the proportions of various immune cells (mast cells, Tregs, CD8 + T cells); (M) ELISA detection of Granzyme B, IFN‐γ, TNF‐α, and perforin levels. Data are presented as mean ± SD. One‐way ANOVA was performed, followed by Tukey's multiple comparison test for post‐hoc analysis ( n = 6).

    Article Snippet: The following kits were utilized: human SCF ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐H1299, Elabscience), human CCL1 ELISA kit (ab314600, Abcam), human CCL5 ELISA kit (ab174446, Abcam), human CCL17 ELISA kit (ab183366, Abcam), Human CCL22 ELISA Kit (ab242931, Abcam), Human CCL28 ELISA Kit (ab99988, Abcam), Human Granzyme B ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐H1617, Elabscience), Human Interferon‐γ (IFN‐γ) ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐H0108, Elabscience), Human TNF‐α ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐H0109, Elabscience), Human Perforin 1 ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐H1123, Elabscience), Mouse Granzyme B ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐M0594, Elabscience), Mouse IFN‐γ ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐M0048, Elabscience), Mouse TNF‐α ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐M3063, Elabscience), and Mouse Perforin ELISA Kit (E‐EL‐M0890, Elabscience).

    Techniques: Biomarker Discovery, In Situ, Immunohistochemical staining, Staining, Analysis, Flow Cytometry, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Comparison