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Structured Review

Deepmind Technologies Ltd alphafold2 software
Figure 1. Schematic illustration of our ligand-search protocol and examples of identified metal binding sites in <t>AlphaFold2</t> structures. (a) a flowchart outlining the method. For the protein illustrated in the center of the flowchart, two “regions” are highlighted; these are distinct from one another, and are treated as separate entities when enumerating all possible ligand superpositions. (b) an example of an identified 4Fe-4S cluster coordinated by four cysteine residues (ligand type “4Fe-4S Cys4”; UniProt accession: P08201). (c) an example of a cluster of three closely spaced Zn binding sites coordinated by a total of eight cysteine residues; this cluster is formed by three successful additions of the ligand type “Zn Cys4” (UniProt accession: P05100). In all images of proteins in this figure, the protein is colored by each residue’s pLDDT score with dark blue indicating a “very high confidence” prediction by AlphaFold2 and dark red indicting a “low confidence” prediction.
Alphafold2 Software, supplied by Deepmind Technologies Ltd, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 86/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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Images

1) Product Images from "Identification of Iron-Sulfur (Fe-S) Cluster and Zinc (Zn) Binding Sites Within Proteomes Predicted by DeepMind's AlphaFold2 Program Dramatically Expands the Metalloproteome."

Article Title: Identification of Iron-Sulfur (Fe-S) Cluster and Zinc (Zn) Binding Sites Within Proteomes Predicted by DeepMind's AlphaFold2 Program Dramatically Expands the Metalloproteome.

Journal: Journal of molecular biology

doi: 10.1016/j.jmb.2021.167377

Figure 1. Schematic illustration of our ligand-search protocol and examples of identified metal binding sites in AlphaFold2 structures. (a) a flowchart outlining the method. For the protein illustrated in the center of the flowchart, two “regions” are highlighted; these are distinct from one another, and are treated as separate entities when enumerating all possible ligand superpositions. (b) an example of an identified 4Fe-4S cluster coordinated by four cysteine residues (ligand type “4Fe-4S Cys4”; UniProt accession: P08201). (c) an example of a cluster of three closely spaced Zn binding sites coordinated by a total of eight cysteine residues; this cluster is formed by three successful additions of the ligand type “Zn Cys4” (UniProt accession: P05100). In all images of proteins in this figure, the protein is colored by each residue’s pLDDT score with dark blue indicating a “very high confidence” prediction by AlphaFold2 and dark red indicting a “low confidence” prediction.
Figure Legend Snippet: Figure 1. Schematic illustration of our ligand-search protocol and examples of identified metal binding sites in AlphaFold2 structures. (a) a flowchart outlining the method. For the protein illustrated in the center of the flowchart, two “regions” are highlighted; these are distinct from one another, and are treated as separate entities when enumerating all possible ligand superpositions. (b) an example of an identified 4Fe-4S cluster coordinated by four cysteine residues (ligand type “4Fe-4S Cys4”; UniProt accession: P08201). (c) an example of a cluster of three closely spaced Zn binding sites coordinated by a total of eight cysteine residues; this cluster is formed by three successful additions of the ligand type “Zn Cys4” (UniProt accession: P05100). In all images of proteins in this figure, the protein is colored by each residue’s pLDDT score with dark blue indicating a “very high confidence” prediction by AlphaFold2 and dark red indicting a “low confidence” prediction.

Techniques Used: Binding Assay

Figure 6. Example 4Fe-4S cluster binding sites annotated in UniProt that are not identified in this work. In each image protein chains are shown as transparent cartoons colored using AlphaFold20s pLDDT (i.e. confidence) scores on a spectrum of red (low confidence) to blue (high confidence), coordinating residues are shown as licorice, and iron and sulfur atoms in the 4Fe-4S cluster are shown as yellow and pink spheres, respectively. (a) an example in which AlphaFold2 builds two 4Fe-4S sites out of residues annotated in two different UniProt sites but swaps two cysteine residues between each of the sites: the two UniProt sites are shown with their carbon atoms colored in either cyan or green and the residue numbers for the corresponding sites are displayed above the image with arrows to indicate the cysteines that are swapped. (b) an example in which AlphaFold2 confidently builds a “4Fe-4S Cys4” site as “4Fe-4S Cys3” site and rejects the annotation of the fourth residue. (c) an example in which AlphaFold2 does not build the UniProt-annotated residues into a 4Fe-4S binding site but instead confidently builds the residues in an a helix (opaque blue cartoon).
Figure Legend Snippet: Figure 6. Example 4Fe-4S cluster binding sites annotated in UniProt that are not identified in this work. In each image protein chains are shown as transparent cartoons colored using AlphaFold20s pLDDT (i.e. confidence) scores on a spectrum of red (low confidence) to blue (high confidence), coordinating residues are shown as licorice, and iron and sulfur atoms in the 4Fe-4S cluster are shown as yellow and pink spheres, respectively. (a) an example in which AlphaFold2 builds two 4Fe-4S sites out of residues annotated in two different UniProt sites but swaps two cysteine residues between each of the sites: the two UniProt sites are shown with their carbon atoms colored in either cyan or green and the residue numbers for the corresponding sites are displayed above the image with arrows to indicate the cysteines that are swapped. (b) an example in which AlphaFold2 confidently builds a “4Fe-4S Cys4” site as “4Fe-4S Cys3” site and rejects the annotation of the fourth residue. (c) an example in which AlphaFold2 does not build the UniProt-annotated residues into a 4Fe-4S binding site but instead confidently builds the residues in an a helix (opaque blue cartoon).

Techniques Used: Binding Assay, Residue

Figure 7. Example 2Fe-2S cluster binding sites annotated in UniProt that are not identified in this work; visualization scheme is the same as used in Figure 6. (a) An example in which AlphaFold2 confidently builds disulfide bonds in the annotated UniProt site. (b) An example in which AlphaFold2 confidently builds a potential site that is too constricted to coordinate a 2Fe-2S cluster. (c) An example in which AlphaFold2 builds the fourth coordinating residue in a position that is more than 5 A from the three other coordinating residues. (d) An example in which AlphaFold2 builds a potential 2Fe-2S site with a different fourth coordinating residue (carbon atom colored green) than that which is annotated in UniProt (red arrow).
Figure Legend Snippet: Figure 7. Example 2Fe-2S cluster binding sites annotated in UniProt that are not identified in this work; visualization scheme is the same as used in Figure 6. (a) An example in which AlphaFold2 confidently builds disulfide bonds in the annotated UniProt site. (b) An example in which AlphaFold2 confidently builds a potential site that is too constricted to coordinate a 2Fe-2S cluster. (c) An example in which AlphaFold2 builds the fourth coordinating residue in a position that is more than 5 A from the three other coordinating residues. (d) An example in which AlphaFold2 builds a potential 2Fe-2S site with a different fourth coordinating residue (carbon atom colored green) than that which is annotated in UniProt (red arrow).

Techniques Used: Binding Assay, Residue



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Image Search Results


Relevant hits from  AlphaFold2  predicted structures of Deep-Blue and Vp4 tail proteins submitted to the Dali server to retrieve related structures

Journal: Journal of Virology

Article Title: Deciphering the adsorption machinery of Deep-Blue and Vp4, two myophages targeting members of the Bacillus cereus group

doi: 10.1128/jvi.00745-24

Figure Lengend Snippet: Relevant hits from AlphaFold2 predicted structures of Deep-Blue and Vp4 tail proteins submitted to the Dali server to retrieve related structures

Article Snippet: Recently, the DeepMind’s machine-learning protein structure prediction program AlphaFold2 (AF2) ( ) has been proven to be extremely valuable in obtaining structures of phage tail proteins and of their complexes, as exemplified by the baseplate structure predictions of a few siphophages ( ).

Techniques: Injection, Membrane