Journal: The Journal of Immunology Author Choice
Article Title: A human self-stimulatory CD4 + T cell antigen-presenting cell subset presents and recognizes agonistic self-antigens to sustain exponential autologous clonal expansion
doi: 10.1093/jimmun/vkag274
Figure Lengend Snippet: Continual TGF-β exposure supported stable IL-2–dependent expansion of FOXP3 ± T cells. (A–C) PBMCs from 3 donors (P1, P2, and P3) were activated for 3 d with PHA and IL-2 in the presence or absence of 10 nM TGF-β. The respective cell lines were then propagated in IL-2 plus TGF-β versus IL-2 alone per the original culture conditions. Mitogens were not included after the first culture. Cells were passaged at equivalent densities of approximately 100,000 cells/mL. Day 0 represents purification and initiation of PBMC cultures, and each data point represents a cell count and a passage. Cell counts were recorded at each passage until the end of the experiment (day 80) or until cultures were lost due to cell death (A). The calculated expansion from a theoretical single cell (y-axis) is displayed against the number of days in culture (x-axis). The fold expansion for each passage was multiplied across all passages to calculate the total cell expansion from a theoretical single cell. Histograms show flow cytometric analysis on days 11 or 18 (B) and day 65 (C) after staining cells with CD3 NovaFluor Blue 610-70S (SK7), CD4 BV421 (OKT4), CD8 AF700 (SK1), CD25 APC-Fire750 (BC96), CD69 PE (FN50), CD80 BV711 (2D10), CD86 BV650 (FUN-1), CTLA4 AF647 (BN13), PDL2 PE-Cy7 (MIH18), PD1 PE-Cy5 (EH12.2H7), HLA-DR BUV395 (G46-6), and FOXP3 AF488 (PCH101). (D) Nonfractionated PBMCs from a healthy volunteer were seeded at 50,000 cells/well in LymphoOne medium in a flat-bottomed 96-well plate (n = 4) and cultured with 10 nM IL-2, 1 nM IL-4, and 1 nM GM-CSF with or without 10 nM TGF-β. Cells were passaged with new media and cytokines after approximately 7 d. Cell counts were initiated once growth was visually evident, and lines were passaged into T12.5 or T25 flasks for the remainder of experiment with 1 nM IL-2 with or without 10 nM TGF-β. IL-4 and GM-CSF were discontinued after 2 wk of culture. T cell expansion calculations were performed as in panel A. (E) The surviving T-APC line at day 40 in panel D is the same line portrayed in panel E (red diamonds). This culture exhibited sustained exponential growth through day 40 and was subsequently propagated through day 120 for a total 10 22 -fold expansion. (F) CD3 + CD4 + JL3.C2 T-APCs and human PBMCs (frozen stocks from a healthy human volunteer) were stained with CD3 BV510 (SK7), CD4 BV421 (OKT4), CD8 SB574 (SK1), CD19 StarBright UV795 (HIB19), CD25 APC-Fire 750 (BC96), FOXP3 Alexa Fluor 488 (150D), and BCL6 Alexa Fluor 647 (IG191E/A8). T-APCs were compared with CD3 + CD4 + and CD3 − CD19 + gated T and B cell PBMC subsets, respectively. (G, H) The phenotypes of a control CD4-purified T-APC line (day 33) and the CD8 + T-APC line from panel E (day 83) were assessed with CD3 NovaFluor Blue 610-70S (SK7), CD4 BV421 (OKT4), CD8 AF700 (SK1), CD25 APC-Fire750 (BC96), HLA-A2 NovaFluor Yellow 730 (BB7.2), FOXP3 AF488 (150D), BCL6 AF647 (K112-91), FASL BUV615 (NOK-1), FAS BUV737 (DX2), CD86 BV650 (FUN-1), CXCR5 BV605 (MU5UBEE), CD69 PE (FN50), and PD1 PE-Cy5 (EH12.2H7). Lines used in these experiments were P1, P2, and P3 (A–C), JL3.C2 (F), V1 (E, H), and V3 (G). FMO, fluorescence minus one; FSC-A, forward scatter area.
Article Snippet: PBMCs were cultured as nonfractionated populations or as purified CD4 + and CD8 + T cell subsets magnetically sorted by REAlease CD4 or CD8 Microbead Kits (Miltenyi Biotec #130-117-037 or #130-117-036).
Techniques: Purification, Cell Characterization, Single Cell, Analysis, Staining, Cell Culture, Control, Fluorescence