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Bio-Rad loading buffer
Loading Buffer, supplied by Bio-Rad, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 99/100, based on 11850 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/laemmli+loading+buffer/4x+Laemmli+Sample+Buffer/pmc12908063-89-14-16
Average 99 stars, based on 11850 article reviews

loading buffer - by Bioz Stars, 2026-10

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Article Title: p38α Signaling Is Associated with Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma Progression and Represents a Potential Therapeutic Vulnerability.
Article Snippet: Cells were collected and homogenized in lysis buffer (50 mM Tris-HCl pH 7.4, 5 mM EDTA, 250 mM NaCl, and 1% Triton X-100) supplemented with protease and phosphatase inhibitors (78443, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Bleiswijk, The Netherlands). .. In total, 20μg of protein extracts from each sample was denatured in 4× Laemmli sample buffer (1610747, Bio-Rad Laboratories, Hercules, CA, USA) and subjected to 4–15% and 7.5% precast TGX Stain-Free polyacrylamide gel (4568024, Bio-Rad Laboratories, Hercules, CA, USA) electrophoresis. .. Proteins were electrotransferred onto a nitrocellulose membrane and blocked with 1× PBS with 1% casein (1610783, Bio-Rad Laboratories, Hercules, CA, USA) for 40 min at room temperature for immunoblot analysis.

Electrophoresis:

Article Title: A Pyrrole-Imidazole Polyamide Targeting Human USF1 Binding Suppresses High Glucose-Induced TGF-β1 and Osteopontin Expression in Human Renal Mesangial Cells.
Article Snippet: Cultured HRMCs were lysed with RIPA buffer (08714, Nacalai Tesque, Kyoto, Japan). .. Equal amounts of total protein were prepared with sample buffer (#161-0747, Bio-Rad Laboratories, Hercules, CA, USA), boiled at 95 ◦C for 5 min, separated on 10% polyacrylamide gels, and transferred to PVDF membranes using an EPS 601 electrophoresis power supply (GE Healthcare, Chicago, IL, USA). ..

Article Title: Lycopene inhibits proliferation, induces apoptosis, and suppresses migration in cervical cancer cells: involvement of PI3K/Akt signaling.
Article Snippet: 1 Laboratorio de Ciencias de la Naturaleza, Departamento de Ciencias de la Naturaleza, Centro Universitario del Sur (CUSur), Universidad de Guadalajara, Ciudad Guzmán, Jalisco, México 2 Departamento de Fisiología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano 1, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080 Ciudad de Mexico, México 3 Centro de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina y Cirugía, UNAM-UABJO, Universidad Autónoma “Benito Juárez” de Oaxaca, 68020 Ciudad Oaxaca de Juárez, México Abstract Cervical cancer remains a major cause of mortality worldwide, highlighting the need for alternative therapeutic strategies.. Lycopene, a dietary carotenoid with known antioxidant properties, has demonstrated anticancer activity in several malignancies; however, its mechanistic effects in cervical cancer remain poorly understood.. We hypothesize that lycopene inhibits the growth of cervical cancer cell lines and certain cancer-related processes.

Western Blot:

Article Title: A common germline 3' UTR variant controls DDIT4 translation efficiency and stress responses in cancer cells.
Article Snippet: .. Prior to western blotting, the lysates were denatured by boiling at 95◦C for 10 min in 1x Laemmli Sample Buffer (Bio-Rad). .. The protein concentration in each sample was determined using PierceTM BCA Protein Assay Kits (Thermo Fisher Scientific).

Article Title: Elucidating the Molecular Impact of DA29‐Induced ClpP Chemoactivation on Mitochondrial Function
Article Snippet: .. Whole‐cell proteins (20‐30 μg), mitochondrial lysates (30 μg) or sucrose gradient fractions (10 μL) were denatured in 4X Laemmli sample buffer (Bio‐Rad) complemented with 10% 2‐mercaptoethanol, separated by SDS‐PAGE and subjected to immunoblotting as described in [ ], using the following primary antibodies: ClpP (#A306224, Antibodies.com), ClpX (#ab168338, Abcam), total OXPHOS cocktail (#ab110413, Abcam), HA‐tag (#3724, Cell Signaling Technology), uL13m (#16241–1‐AP, Proteintech), VDAC1 (#ab186321, Abcam), mS29 (# MA141279 , Thermo Fisher Scientific), α‐tubulin (#T6074, Sigma‐Aldrich) and β‐actin (#A2066, Sigma‐Aldrich). .. Chemiluminescent signals were detected using the Clarity Western ECL substrate (Bio‐Rad) and the ChemiDoc MP Imaging System (Bio‐Rad).

Blocking Assay:

Hemagglutination Assay:

Cell-Signaling:

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$a , Domain architecture of RAP80 and ARISC constructs. FL, full-length; SIM, small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO)-interacting motif; UIM, ubiquitin-interacting motif; AIR, Abraxas1-interacting region; ZnF, zinc finger; MPN, Mpr1, Pad1 N-terminal; CC, coiled coil; UEV, ubiquitin E2 variant; vWFA, von Willebrand factor type A ( left ). Schematics of indicated complexes ( right ). b , SDS-PAGE analysis of ARISC, ARISC–RAP80, and ARISC–RAP80 AIR. c , K63-linked ubiquitin chains (1 µM) were incubated with ARISC or ARISC–RAP80 (5 nM) for the indicated time points. Cleavage activity was analysed by SDS-PAGE and silver staining. Data are representative of two independent experiments. d , K63-Ub2, -Ub4, and - Ub7 chains (1 µM) were incubated with ARISC, ARISC–RAP80, or ARISC–RAP80 AIR (5 nM) for the indicated time points. Cleavage activity was analysed as in c . Data are representative of three independent experiments. e , Schematics ( left ) and SDS-PAGE analysis ( right ) of indicated complexes. dStrepII, double StrepII tag. * indicates Abraxas1 degradation product. f , Alexa-Fluor 488 (AF488) labelled distally (AF488- Cys Ub4 K63R ) blocked K63-Ub4 chains (1.5 µM) were incubated with ARISC–RAP80, ARISC–RAP80 ΔUIMs, or ARISC–RAP80 ΔZnF (10 nM) for the indicated time points. Cleavage activity was analysed by SDS-PAGE and fluorescence scanning ( left ; see Methods ). The disappearance of the K63-Ub4 parent band was quantified using densitometry, and plotted as fraction of substrate consumed (%). Data points are mean ± SEM of two independent experiments ( right ). g , Cyclical and linear K63-Ub5 chains (2 µM) were incubated with ARISC or ARISC–RAP80 (10 nM) for the indicated time points. Cleavage activity was analysed by SDS-PAGE and Oriole staining. Data are representative of two independent experiments. Ub, ubiquitin; DUB, deubiquitylating enzyme. * indicates lower molecular weight ubiquitin species.$

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Mechanism of K63-linked polyubiquitin recognition and cleavage by the BRCA1-A complex

doi: 10.64898/2026.06.05.730395

Figure Lengend Snippet: a , Domain architecture of RAP80 and ARISC constructs. FL, full-length; SIM, small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO)-interacting motif; UIM, ubiquitin-interacting motif; AIR, Abraxas1-interacting region; ZnF, zinc finger; MPN, Mpr1, Pad1 N-terminal; CC, coiled coil; UEV, ubiquitin E2 variant; vWFA, von Willebrand factor type A ( left ). Schematics of indicated complexes ( right ). b , SDS-PAGE analysis of ARISC, ARISC–RAP80, and ARISC–RAP80 AIR. c , K63-linked ubiquitin chains (1 µM) were incubated with ARISC or ARISC–RAP80 (5 nM) for the indicated time points. Cleavage activity was analysed by SDS-PAGE and silver staining. Data are representative of two independent experiments. d , K63-Ub2, -Ub4, and - Ub7 chains (1 µM) were incubated with ARISC, ARISC–RAP80, or ARISC–RAP80 AIR (5 nM) for the indicated time points. Cleavage activity was analysed as in c . Data are representative of three independent experiments. e , Schematics ( left ) and SDS-PAGE analysis ( right ) of indicated complexes. dStrepII, double StrepII tag. * indicates Abraxas1 degradation product. f , Alexa-Fluor 488 (AF488) labelled distally (AF488- Cys Ub4 K63R ) blocked K63-Ub4 chains (1.5 µM) were incubated with ARISC–RAP80, ARISC–RAP80 ΔUIMs, or ARISC–RAP80 ΔZnF (10 nM) for the indicated time points. Cleavage activity was analysed by SDS-PAGE and fluorescence scanning ( left ; see Methods ). The disappearance of the K63-Ub4 parent band was quantified using densitometry, and plotted as fraction of substrate consumed (%). Data points are mean ± SEM of two independent experiments ( right ). g , Cyclical and linear K63-Ub5 chains (2 µM) were incubated with ARISC or ARISC–RAP80 (10 nM) for the indicated time points. Cleavage activity was analysed by SDS-PAGE and Oriole staining. Data are representative of two independent experiments. Ub, ubiquitin; DUB, deubiquitylating enzyme. * indicates lower molecular weight ubiquitin species.

Article Snippet: Reactions were stopped with the addition of 3 μL 4x SDS-PAGE loading dye [240 mM Tris-HCl pH 6.8, 40% (v/v) glycerol, 8% (w/v) SDS, 0.04% (w/v) bromophenol blue, and 5% (v/v) β-Mercaptoethanol], and products were separated on 4-12% or 12% Nu-PAGE Bis-Tris gels (Invitrogen).

Techniques: Construct, Ubiquitin Proteomics, Variant Assay, SDS Page, Incubation, Activity Assay, Silver Staining, Fluorescence, Staining, Molecular Weight

a , K63-Ub2, -Ub4, and -Ub7 chains (1 µM) were incubated with ARISC WT or the indicated ARISC variants (5 nM) for 60 minutes. Cleavage activity was analysed by SDS-PAGE and silver staining. Data are representative of two independent experiments. b, SDS-PAGE analysis of ARISC(E33A)–RAP80, ARISC(E33A) BRCC36(S98K) –RAP80, ARISC(E33A) Abraxas1(Δ42-55) –RAP80, and ARISC(E33A) BRCC45(ΔLoop) –RAP80. dStrepII, double StrepII tag. * indicates Abraxas1 degradation product. c, Spectral shift assays measuring binding of labelled ARISC(E33A)–RAP80 or the indicated mutant complexes (40 nM) to cyclical K63-Ub6 chains (20 µM-0 µM). Data points are mean ± SEM of two independent experiments carried out in technical duplicates. Dissociation constants (K d ) are indicated; CI, confidence interval. d, Representative images of WT or mutants BRCC36 IRIF in HT-29 cells 4 h post irradiation (10 Gy). Scale bar is 10 µm. e, Western blots showing BRCC36 protein levels in HT-29 cells reconstituted with WT or mutants BRCC36 as indicated (l eft ). Scatter plot showing quantification of the BRCC36 IRIF described in d . Data represent mean ± SEM derived from n ≥ 300 nuclei examined over two independent experiments; p values are indicated, unpaired two-tailed t test ( right ). f, K63-Ub2, -Ub4, and -Ub7 chains (1 µM) were incubated with ARISC WT or ARISC Δ42-55 (Abraxas1 Δ42-55) (5 nM) for up to 60 minutes. Cleavage activity was analysed as in a . Data are representative of two independent experiments. DUB, deubiquitylating enzyme; WT, wild type; Ub, ubiquitin.

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Mechanism of K63-linked polyubiquitin recognition and cleavage by the BRCA1-A complex

doi: 10.64898/2026.06.05.730395

Figure Lengend Snippet: a , K63-Ub2, -Ub4, and -Ub7 chains (1 µM) were incubated with ARISC WT or the indicated ARISC variants (5 nM) for 60 minutes. Cleavage activity was analysed by SDS-PAGE and silver staining. Data are representative of two independent experiments. b, SDS-PAGE analysis of ARISC(E33A)–RAP80, ARISC(E33A) BRCC36(S98K) –RAP80, ARISC(E33A) Abraxas1(Δ42-55) –RAP80, and ARISC(E33A) BRCC45(ΔLoop) –RAP80. dStrepII, double StrepII tag. * indicates Abraxas1 degradation product. c, Spectral shift assays measuring binding of labelled ARISC(E33A)–RAP80 or the indicated mutant complexes (40 nM) to cyclical K63-Ub6 chains (20 µM-0 µM). Data points are mean ± SEM of two independent experiments carried out in technical duplicates. Dissociation constants (K d ) are indicated; CI, confidence interval. d, Representative images of WT or mutants BRCC36 IRIF in HT-29 cells 4 h post irradiation (10 Gy). Scale bar is 10 µm. e, Western blots showing BRCC36 protein levels in HT-29 cells reconstituted with WT or mutants BRCC36 as indicated (l eft ). Scatter plot showing quantification of the BRCC36 IRIF described in d . Data represent mean ± SEM derived from n ≥ 300 nuclei examined over two independent experiments; p values are indicated, unpaired two-tailed t test ( right ). f, K63-Ub2, -Ub4, and -Ub7 chains (1 µM) were incubated with ARISC WT or ARISC Δ42-55 (Abraxas1 Δ42-55) (5 nM) for up to 60 minutes. Cleavage activity was analysed as in a . Data are representative of two independent experiments. DUB, deubiquitylating enzyme; WT, wild type; Ub, ubiquitin.

Techniques: Incubation, Activity Assay, SDS Page, Silver Staining, Binding Assay, Mutagenesis, Irradiation, Western Blot, Derivative Assay, Two Tailed Test, Ubiquitin Proteomics

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