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citrate buffer  (Santa Cruz Biotechnology)


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    Structured Review

    Santa Cruz Biotechnology citrate buffer
    Citrate Buffer, supplied by Santa Cruz Biotechnology, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 93/100, based on 33 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/hybridization+buffer/In+situ+hybridization+buffer/pm17330841-18-44-79
    Average 93 stars, based on 33 article reviews
    citrate buffer - by Bioz Stars, 2026-11
    93/100 stars

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    Related Articles

    Membrane:

    Article Title: Alpha-Lipoic Acid Inhibits Spontaneous Diabetes and Autoimmune Recurrence in Non-Obese Diabetic Mice by Enhancing Differentiation of Regulatory T Cells and Showed Potential for Use in Cell Therapies for the Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes
    Article Snippet: The membrane was blocked with 5% skim milk at room temperature for 1 h and was then incubated in a buffer with a rabbit anti-STAT5 antibody (GeneTex Inc., Alton Pkwy Irvine, CA, USA), anti-acetylated H3 (GeneTex Inc.) or a mouse anti-β-actin antibody (GeneTex Inc.) overnight. .. After washing with PBST (0.05% Tween20 in PBS) three times, the membrane was incubated in the hybridization buffer with a horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG antibody (1:2000; Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc., Dallas, TX, USA) or a HRP-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG antibody (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc.) for 1 h. The membrane was subsequently washed with PBST three times. .. After incubation with the chemiluminescent HRP substrate (Millipore), the signals were detected by the LAS-3000 imaging system (Fujifilm, Tokyo, Japan).

    Article Title: Valproic Acid Suppresses Autoimmune Recurrence and Allograft Rejection in Islet Transplantation through Induction of the Differentiation of Regulatory T Cells and Can Be Used in Cell Therapy for Type 1 Diabetes
    Article Snippet: .. After washing with PBST (0.05% Tween20 in PBS) three times, the membrane was incubated in the hybridization buffer with a horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG antibody (1:2000; Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc., Dallas, TX, USA) or an HRP-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG antibody for 1 h. The membrane is subsequently washed with PBST three times. .. After incubation with the chemiluminescent HRP substrate (Millipore), the signals were detected by the LAS-3000 imaging system (Fujifilm, Tokyo, Japan).

    Incubation:

    Article Title: Alpha-Lipoic Acid Inhibits Spontaneous Diabetes and Autoimmune Recurrence in Non-Obese Diabetic Mice by Enhancing Differentiation of Regulatory T Cells and Showed Potential for Use in Cell Therapies for the Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes
    Article Snippet: The membrane was blocked with 5% skim milk at room temperature for 1 h and was then incubated in a buffer with a rabbit anti-STAT5 antibody (GeneTex Inc., Alton Pkwy Irvine, CA, USA), anti-acetylated H3 (GeneTex Inc.) or a mouse anti-β-actin antibody (GeneTex Inc.) overnight. .. After washing with PBST (0.05% Tween20 in PBS) three times, the membrane was incubated in the hybridization buffer with a horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG antibody (1:2000; Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc., Dallas, TX, USA) or a HRP-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG antibody (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc.) for 1 h. The membrane was subsequently washed with PBST three times. .. After incubation with the chemiluminescent HRP substrate (Millipore), the signals were detected by the LAS-3000 imaging system (Fujifilm, Tokyo, Japan).

    Article Title: Valproic Acid Suppresses Autoimmune Recurrence and Allograft Rejection in Islet Transplantation through Induction of the Differentiation of Regulatory T Cells and Can Be Used in Cell Therapy for Type 1 Diabetes
    Article Snippet: .. After washing with PBST (0.05% Tween20 in PBS) three times, the membrane was incubated in the hybridization buffer with a horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG antibody (1:2000; Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc., Dallas, TX, USA) or an HRP-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG antibody for 1 h. The membrane is subsequently washed with PBST three times. .. After incubation with the chemiluminescent HRP substrate (Millipore), the signals were detected by the LAS-3000 imaging system (Fujifilm, Tokyo, Japan).

    Article Title: Stress Granule Induction in Rat Retinas Damaged by Constant LED Light
    Article Snippet: Subsequently, they were hybridized with Cy3-Oligo(dT) 30 (Sigma-Aldrich Corp.) diluted in hybridization buffer, at a final concentration of 20 nM, ON at 40°C in a humidified chamber. .. Then, samples were rinsed once with Washing Buffer 1 (50% [v/v] formamide 12.6 M, 0.25 M NaCl, 0.075 M Tris Buffer [pH 8.5], and 0.1% [v/v] Tween 20) five minutes at RT in constant shaking, four times with washing buffer 2 (0.05 M NaCl, 0.075 M Tris Buffer [pH 8.5] and 0.1% [v/v] Tween 20) for 15 minutes each in constant shaking and with TBS 5 min. Then, they were blocked with blocking buffer for 2.5 h at RT with continuous shaking and incubated overnight with anti-eIF3 (sc-16377; Santa Cruz Biotechnology) diluted in blocking buffer at 4°C in a humidified chamber. ..

    Article Title: IL-1 and TNF mediates IL-6 signaling at the maternal-fetal interface during intrauterine inflammation
    Article Snippet: .. After In situ hybridization step, the slides were subjected to immunofluorescence staining to co-localize different proteins by incubation with either anti-human vimentin (Cat.# SC7557; dilution 1:200, Santa Cruz), Pancytokeratin (Cat.#SC81714; dilution 1:100, Santa Cruz), CD45 (CD45–2B11; Cat# 14–9457-82; dilution 1:50, Thermofisher) in 10% normal horse serum/0.2% Tween 20 at 4°C overnight. .. Staining was visualized using fluorescently labeled secondary antibodies (AF488; 1:200 dilution; Invitrogen) for 1 hour at room temperature.

    Hybridization:

    Article Title: Alpha-Lipoic Acid Inhibits Spontaneous Diabetes and Autoimmune Recurrence in Non-Obese Diabetic Mice by Enhancing Differentiation of Regulatory T Cells and Showed Potential for Use in Cell Therapies for the Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes
    Article Snippet: The membrane was blocked with 5% skim milk at room temperature for 1 h and was then incubated in a buffer with a rabbit anti-STAT5 antibody (GeneTex Inc., Alton Pkwy Irvine, CA, USA), anti-acetylated H3 (GeneTex Inc.) or a mouse anti-β-actin antibody (GeneTex Inc.) overnight. .. After washing with PBST (0.05% Tween20 in PBS) three times, the membrane was incubated in the hybridization buffer with a horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG antibody (1:2000; Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc., Dallas, TX, USA) or a HRP-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG antibody (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc.) for 1 h. The membrane was subsequently washed with PBST three times. .. After incubation with the chemiluminescent HRP substrate (Millipore), the signals were detected by the LAS-3000 imaging system (Fujifilm, Tokyo, Japan).

    Article Title: Valproic Acid Suppresses Autoimmune Recurrence and Allograft Rejection in Islet Transplantation through Induction of the Differentiation of Regulatory T Cells and Can Be Used in Cell Therapy for Type 1 Diabetes
    Article Snippet: .. After washing with PBST (0.05% Tween20 in PBS) three times, the membrane was incubated in the hybridization buffer with a horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG antibody (1:2000; Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Inc., Dallas, TX, USA) or an HRP-conjugated goat anti-mouse IgG antibody for 1 h. The membrane is subsequently washed with PBST three times. .. After incubation with the chemiluminescent HRP substrate (Millipore), the signals were detected by the LAS-3000 imaging system (Fujifilm, Tokyo, Japan).

    Blocking Assay:

    Article Title: Stress Granule Induction in Rat Retinas Damaged by Constant LED Light
    Article Snippet: Subsequently, they were hybridized with Cy3-Oligo(dT) 30 (Sigma-Aldrich Corp.) diluted in hybridization buffer, at a final concentration of 20 nM, ON at 40°C in a humidified chamber. .. Then, samples were rinsed once with Washing Buffer 1 (50% [v/v] formamide 12.6 M, 0.25 M NaCl, 0.075 M Tris Buffer [pH 8.5], and 0.1% [v/v] Tween 20) five minutes at RT in constant shaking, four times with washing buffer 2 (0.05 M NaCl, 0.075 M Tris Buffer [pH 8.5] and 0.1% [v/v] Tween 20) for 15 minutes each in constant shaking and with TBS 5 min. Then, they were blocked with blocking buffer for 2.5 h at RT with continuous shaking and incubated overnight with anti-eIF3 (sc-16377; Santa Cruz Biotechnology) diluted in blocking buffer at 4°C in a humidified chamber. ..

    In Situ Hybridization:

    Article Title: IL-1 and TNF mediates IL-6 signaling at the maternal-fetal interface during intrauterine inflammation
    Article Snippet: .. After In situ hybridization step, the slides were subjected to immunofluorescence staining to co-localize different proteins by incubation with either anti-human vimentin (Cat.# SC7557; dilution 1:200, Santa Cruz), Pancytokeratin (Cat.#SC81714; dilution 1:100, Santa Cruz), CD45 (CD45–2B11; Cat# 14–9457-82; dilution 1:50, Thermofisher) in 10% normal horse serum/0.2% Tween 20 at 4°C overnight. .. Staining was visualized using fluorescently labeled secondary antibodies (AF488; 1:200 dilution; Invitrogen) for 1 hour at room temperature.

    Article Title: FOXM1-induced miR-552 expression contributes to pancreatic cancer progression by targeting multiple tumor suppressor genes
    Article Snippet: .. Immunohistochemical staining for FOXM1 and in situ hybridization for miR-552 were respectively performed according to the commercial protocol (Outdo Biotech, Shanghai, China) using anti-FOXM1 antibody (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, USA) or 3' and 5' DIG labeled LNA miR-552 probes (Ambion, USA). .. Immunohistochemical staining for FOXM1 and in situ hybridization for miR-552 were respectively performed according to the commercial protocol (Outdo Biotech, Shanghai, China) using anti-FOXM1 antibody (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, USA) or 3' and 5' DIG labeled LNA miR-552 probes (Ambion, USA).

    Article Title: LATS1/2 inactivation in the mammary epithelium drives the evolution of a tumor-associated niche.
    Article Snippet: .. Immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, and RNAscope in situ hybridization The fourth mammary glands were harvested from animals and fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde (Electron Microscopy Sciences, # 15710 or Santa Cruz Biotechnology SC281692) overnight, then dehydrated and embedded in paraffin (Leica Microsystems 39602004). .. Immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, and RNAscope in situ hybridization The fourth mammary glands were harvested from animals and fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde (Electron Microscopy Sciences, # 15710 or Santa Cruz Biotechnology SC281692) overnight, then dehydrated and embedded in paraffin (Leica Microsystems 39602004).

    Immunofluorescence:

    Article Title: IL-1 and TNF mediates IL-6 signaling at the maternal-fetal interface during intrauterine inflammation
    Article Snippet: .. After In situ hybridization step, the slides were subjected to immunofluorescence staining to co-localize different proteins by incubation with either anti-human vimentin (Cat.# SC7557; dilution 1:200, Santa Cruz), Pancytokeratin (Cat.#SC81714; dilution 1:100, Santa Cruz), CD45 (CD45–2B11; Cat# 14–9457-82; dilution 1:50, Thermofisher) in 10% normal horse serum/0.2% Tween 20 at 4°C overnight. .. Staining was visualized using fluorescently labeled secondary antibodies (AF488; 1:200 dilution; Invitrogen) for 1 hour at room temperature.

    Article Title: LATS1/2 inactivation in the mammary epithelium drives the evolution of a tumor-associated niche.
    Article Snippet: .. Immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, and RNAscope in situ hybridization The fourth mammary glands were harvested from animals and fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde (Electron Microscopy Sciences, # 15710 or Santa Cruz Biotechnology SC281692) overnight, then dehydrated and embedded in paraffin (Leica Microsystems 39602004). .. Immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, and RNAscope in situ hybridization The fourth mammary glands were harvested from animals and fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde (Electron Microscopy Sciences, # 15710 or Santa Cruz Biotechnology SC281692) overnight, then dehydrated and embedded in paraffin (Leica Microsystems 39602004).

    Staining:

    Article Title: IL-1 and TNF mediates IL-6 signaling at the maternal-fetal interface during intrauterine inflammation
    Article Snippet: .. After In situ hybridization step, the slides were subjected to immunofluorescence staining to co-localize different proteins by incubation with either anti-human vimentin (Cat.# SC7557; dilution 1:200, Santa Cruz), Pancytokeratin (Cat.#SC81714; dilution 1:100, Santa Cruz), CD45 (CD45–2B11; Cat# 14–9457-82; dilution 1:50, Thermofisher) in 10% normal horse serum/0.2% Tween 20 at 4°C overnight. .. Staining was visualized using fluorescently labeled secondary antibodies (AF488; 1:200 dilution; Invitrogen) for 1 hour at room temperature.

    Article Title: FOXM1-induced miR-552 expression contributes to pancreatic cancer progression by targeting multiple tumor suppressor genes
    Article Snippet: .. Immunohistochemical staining for FOXM1 and in situ hybridization for miR-552 were respectively performed according to the commercial protocol (Outdo Biotech, Shanghai, China) using anti-FOXM1 antibody (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, USA) or 3' and 5' DIG labeled LNA miR-552 probes (Ambion, USA). .. Immunohistochemical staining for FOXM1 and in situ hybridization for miR-552 were respectively performed according to the commercial protocol (Outdo Biotech, Shanghai, China) using anti-FOXM1 antibody (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, USA) or 3' and 5' DIG labeled LNA miR-552 probes (Ambion, USA).

    Article Title: The latency-associated transcript locus of herpes simplex virus 1 is a virulence determinant in human skin.
    Article Snippet: Alternate 6 μm tissue sections were stained with haematoxylin and eosin (H&E), HSV DNA BIO-PROBE (Enzo cat. # ENZ-40838) or LAT ATD19 RNA probe [73] by in situ hybridisation, and by antibodies. .. Antigen retrieval using a citrate buffer in a pressure cooker was performed prior to staining sections with antibodies to the viral ICP0 and cellular PML proteins (Santa Cruz HSV-1 ICP0 Antibody (11060) mouse monoclonal IgG2b cat. # sc-53070 lot # A0313 and PML Antibody (H-238) rabbit polyclonal IgG cat. # sc-5621 lot # J2010). .. H&E staining and in situ hybridisation images were captured using a Leica DM2000 with PL FLUOTAR 10X/0.3 (cat. # 506505) lens and camera DFC290HD.

    Immunohistochemical staining:

    Article Title: FOXM1-induced miR-552 expression contributes to pancreatic cancer progression by targeting multiple tumor suppressor genes
    Article Snippet: .. Immunohistochemical staining for FOXM1 and in situ hybridization for miR-552 were respectively performed according to the commercial protocol (Outdo Biotech, Shanghai, China) using anti-FOXM1 antibody (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, USA) or 3' and 5' DIG labeled LNA miR-552 probes (Ambion, USA). .. Immunohistochemical staining for FOXM1 and in situ hybridization for miR-552 were respectively performed according to the commercial protocol (Outdo Biotech, Shanghai, China) using anti-FOXM1 antibody (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, USA) or 3' and 5' DIG labeled LNA miR-552 probes (Ambion, USA).

    Labeling:

    Article Title: FOXM1-induced miR-552 expression contributes to pancreatic cancer progression by targeting multiple tumor suppressor genes
    Article Snippet: .. Immunohistochemical staining for FOXM1 and in situ hybridization for miR-552 were respectively performed according to the commercial protocol (Outdo Biotech, Shanghai, China) using anti-FOXM1 antibody (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, USA) or 3' and 5' DIG labeled LNA miR-552 probes (Ambion, USA). .. Immunohistochemical staining for FOXM1 and in situ hybridization for miR-552 were respectively performed according to the commercial protocol (Outdo Biotech, Shanghai, China) using anti-FOXM1 antibody (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, USA) or 3' and 5' DIG labeled LNA miR-552 probes (Ambion, USA).

    Immunohistochemistry:

    Article Title: LATS1/2 inactivation in the mammary epithelium drives the evolution of a tumor-associated niche.
    Article Snippet: .. Immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, and RNAscope in situ hybridization The fourth mammary glands were harvested from animals and fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde (Electron Microscopy Sciences, # 15710 or Santa Cruz Biotechnology SC281692) overnight, then dehydrated and embedded in paraffin (Leica Microsystems 39602004). .. Immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, and RNAscope in situ hybridization The fourth mammary glands were harvested from animals and fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde (Electron Microscopy Sciences, # 15710 or Santa Cruz Biotechnology SC281692) overnight, then dehydrated and embedded in paraffin (Leica Microsystems 39602004).

    RNAscope:

    Article Title: LATS1/2 inactivation in the mammary epithelium drives the evolution of a tumor-associated niche.
    Article Snippet: .. Immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, and RNAscope in situ hybridization The fourth mammary glands were harvested from animals and fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde (Electron Microscopy Sciences, # 15710 or Santa Cruz Biotechnology SC281692) overnight, then dehydrated and embedded in paraffin (Leica Microsystems 39602004). .. Immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, and RNAscope in situ hybridization The fourth mammary glands were harvested from animals and fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde (Electron Microscopy Sciences, # 15710 or Santa Cruz Biotechnology SC281692) overnight, then dehydrated and embedded in paraffin (Leica Microsystems 39602004).

    Electron Microscopy:

    Article Title: LATS1/2 inactivation in the mammary epithelium drives the evolution of a tumor-associated niche.
    Article Snippet: .. Immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, and RNAscope in situ hybridization The fourth mammary glands were harvested from animals and fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde (Electron Microscopy Sciences, # 15710 or Santa Cruz Biotechnology SC281692) overnight, then dehydrated and embedded in paraffin (Leica Microsystems 39602004). .. Immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, and RNAscope in situ hybridization The fourth mammary glands were harvested from animals and fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde (Electron Microscopy Sciences, # 15710 or Santa Cruz Biotechnology SC281692) overnight, then dehydrated and embedded in paraffin (Leica Microsystems 39602004).



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    Image Search Results


    (A, B) The C5-hFc-siSOD1 conjugate was dosed in WT mice as a single IV or SC bolus at 1.5 mg/kg (A) or 0.14 to 9 mg/kg siRNA equivalent dose (B). Target knockdown was measured 14 days after administration, using RT-qPCR on total RNA extracts from indicated regions of the CNS. The results are expressed as a ratio to mRNA levels measured in PBS-treated animals after normalization to RpL13 and RpL30 reference genes. (A) Box plots: extends from the 25th to 75th percentiles with center line plotted at the median. Whiskers indicate the smallest and the largest experimental values (n = 8-16 animals per group from 3 independent experiments). (B) Dose-response curves in each CNS region, where experimental results are expressed as means ± SEM, and estimated ED 50 values. (C) Mice were administered with either multi-IV (Q2Dx3) at 1.5 mg/kg or single SC at 4.5 mg/kg siRNA equivalent dose of the C5-hFc-siSOD1 conjugate. Shown are in situ hybridization micrographs showing siSOD1 AS distribution (top panels, miRNAScope®) throughout the brain (sagittal sections) and spinal cord (cross-sections), and corresponding Sod1 mRNA (lower panels, RNAScope®), 14 days after the last IV or single SC (representative animal from n=4 mice per group). (D) Magnifications and neuron-specific co-staining, using a Map2 mRNA-specific probe, in indicated regions of the brain.

    Journal: bioRxiv

    Article Title: Harnessing TfR1 for Cross-Species Systemic Delivery of siRNAs to Deep Brain Regions Using Single-Domain Antibodies

    doi: 10.64898/2026.05.20.726486

    Figure Lengend Snippet: (A, B) The C5-hFc-siSOD1 conjugate was dosed in WT mice as a single IV or SC bolus at 1.5 mg/kg (A) or 0.14 to 9 mg/kg siRNA equivalent dose (B). Target knockdown was measured 14 days after administration, using RT-qPCR on total RNA extracts from indicated regions of the CNS. The results are expressed as a ratio to mRNA levels measured in PBS-treated animals after normalization to RpL13 and RpL30 reference genes. (A) Box plots: extends from the 25th to 75th percentiles with center line plotted at the median. Whiskers indicate the smallest and the largest experimental values (n = 8-16 animals per group from 3 independent experiments). (B) Dose-response curves in each CNS region, where experimental results are expressed as means ± SEM, and estimated ED 50 values. (C) Mice were administered with either multi-IV (Q2Dx3) at 1.5 mg/kg or single SC at 4.5 mg/kg siRNA equivalent dose of the C5-hFc-siSOD1 conjugate. Shown are in situ hybridization micrographs showing siSOD1 AS distribution (top panels, miRNAScope®) throughout the brain (sagittal sections) and spinal cord (cross-sections), and corresponding Sod1 mRNA (lower panels, RNAScope®), 14 days after the last IV or single SC (representative animal from n=4 mice per group). (D) Magnifications and neuron-specific co-staining, using a Map2 mRNA-specific probe, in indicated regions of the brain.

    Article Snippet: For knock-down analysis on tissue sections using in situ hybridization (RNAScope, ACD), left cerebral hemisphere half-slices were cut into one ventral and one dorsal parts and immediately immersed in 10% neutral buffer formalin (NBF) fixative solution for approximately 48h at RT.

    Techniques: Knockdown, Quantitative RT-PCR, In Situ Hybridization, RNAscope, Staining

    (A-B) In situ hybridization micrographs showing siSOD1 AS distribution (miRNAScope®) throughout the brain (sagittal sections) and spinal cord (cross-sections) (A), 14 days after multi-IV bolus (Q2D x3) of the non-binding C5neg- or the TfR1-binding B8V32-hFc-siSOD1 conjugates, at 1.5 mg/kg siRNA. (B) In situ hybridization micrographs showing siSOD1 AS distribution (top panels, miRNAScope®) and corresponding Sod1 mRNA (lower panels, RNAScope®) in retina layers of the same animals (representative animal from n=4 mice per group). Retina layers: GCL, Ganglion Cell Layer; IPL, Inner Plexiform Layer; INL, Inner Nuclear Layer; OPL, Outer Plexiform Layer; ONL, Outer Nuclear Layer; IS, Inner Segments; OS, Outer Segments; RPE, Retinal Pigment Epithelium; Chor, Choroid.

    Journal: bioRxiv

    Article Title: Harnessing TfR1 for Cross-Species Systemic Delivery of siRNAs to Deep Brain Regions Using Single-Domain Antibodies

    doi: 10.64898/2026.05.20.726486

    Figure Lengend Snippet: (A-B) In situ hybridization micrographs showing siSOD1 AS distribution (miRNAScope®) throughout the brain (sagittal sections) and spinal cord (cross-sections) (A), 14 days after multi-IV bolus (Q2D x3) of the non-binding C5neg- or the TfR1-binding B8V32-hFc-siSOD1 conjugates, at 1.5 mg/kg siRNA. (B) In situ hybridization micrographs showing siSOD1 AS distribution (top panels, miRNAScope®) and corresponding Sod1 mRNA (lower panels, RNAScope®) in retina layers of the same animals (representative animal from n=4 mice per group). Retina layers: GCL, Ganglion Cell Layer; IPL, Inner Plexiform Layer; INL, Inner Nuclear Layer; OPL, Outer Plexiform Layer; ONL, Outer Nuclear Layer; IS, Inner Segments; OS, Outer Segments; RPE, Retinal Pigment Epithelium; Chor, Choroid.

    Article Snippet: For knock-down analysis on tissue sections using in situ hybridization (RNAScope, ACD), left cerebral hemisphere half-slices were cut into one ventral and one dorsal parts and immediately immersed in 10% neutral buffer formalin (NBF) fixative solution for approximately 48h at RT.

    Techniques: In Situ Hybridization, Binding Assay, RNAscope

    Cynomolgus monkeys were dosed by 30-min IV infusion three times at 7 days intervals with the B8V32-hFc-siHPRT conjugate, at the same dose previously evaluated in hTfR-KI mice of 1.5 mg/kg siRNA equivalent dose. Plasma samples were collected at indicated timepoints for PK analysis (A). Tissues were recovered at 14 days after last injection to assess target knockdown using RT-qPCR (B) and in situ hybridization in the brain using RNAScope® on one coronal section through the putamen (top panels: approximately -1 to -3 mm from the anterior commissure, based on Calabrese et al. 2015) and one through the hippocampus (lower panels: approximately -11 to -13 mm from the anterior commissure; star indicates an artefact) (C). (D) Neuroinflammation was assessed on brain tissue samples by measurement of mRNA levels of IbA1, GFAP and C3 as markers of microglial reactivity, astrocyte reactivity and complement activation, respectively.

    Journal: bioRxiv

    Article Title: Harnessing TfR1 for Cross-Species Systemic Delivery of siRNAs to Deep Brain Regions Using Single-Domain Antibodies

    doi: 10.64898/2026.05.20.726486

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Cynomolgus monkeys were dosed by 30-min IV infusion three times at 7 days intervals with the B8V32-hFc-siHPRT conjugate, at the same dose previously evaluated in hTfR-KI mice of 1.5 mg/kg siRNA equivalent dose. Plasma samples were collected at indicated timepoints for PK analysis (A). Tissues were recovered at 14 days after last injection to assess target knockdown using RT-qPCR (B) and in situ hybridization in the brain using RNAScope® on one coronal section through the putamen (top panels: approximately -1 to -3 mm from the anterior commissure, based on Calabrese et al. 2015) and one through the hippocampus (lower panels: approximately -11 to -13 mm from the anterior commissure; star indicates an artefact) (C). (D) Neuroinflammation was assessed on brain tissue samples by measurement of mRNA levels of IbA1, GFAP and C3 as markers of microglial reactivity, astrocyte reactivity and complement activation, respectively.

    Article Snippet: For knock-down analysis on tissue sections using in situ hybridization (RNAScope, ACD), left cerebral hemisphere half-slices were cut into one ventral and one dorsal parts and immediately immersed in 10% neutral buffer formalin (NBF) fixative solution for approximately 48h at RT.

    Techniques: Clinical Proteomics, Injection, Knockdown, Quantitative RT-PCR, In Situ Hybridization, RNAscope, Activation Assay