Journal: International Journal of Biological Sciences
Article Title: PAK1 Promotes Gluconeogenesis Via the ACSS2/KAT2A/PCK1 Complex to Attenuate Steatotic Liver Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury
doi: 10.7150/ijbs.132770
Figure Lengend Snippet: FTY720 mitigates steatotic hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury by suppressing apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress. (A) Chemical structure of FTY720. (B-D) Serum ALT, AST, and total bilirubin in mice after hepatic IR with vehicle or FTY720 treatment (n = 5 mice per group). (E, F) Representative liver immunoblots and quantification of P-PAK1, PAK1, Bcl-2, Bax, and cleaved caspase-3 after IR with vehicle or FTY720 (n = 4 mice per group); actin was the loading control. (G) Representative H&E, F4/80, and Ly6G staining after IR with vehicle or FTY720 (n = 4 mice per group). Scale bar, 50 µm. (H) Representative TUNEL staining after IR with vehicle or FTY720 (n = 4 mice per group). Scale bar, 50 µm. (I) Representative PAS staining after IR with vehicle or FTY720. Scale bars, 200 µm and 50 µm. (J-L) Hepatic malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione levels after IR with vehicle or FTY720 (n = 4 mice per group). One in vivo experiment using the indicated numbers of biologically independent mice. Data are mean ± SD. Unpaired two-sided Student's t tests were used for B-D and J-L, and two-way ANOVA for F. ns, not significant; *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ****P < 0.0001. FTY720, fingolimod; IR, ischemia-reperfusion; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; PAK1, p21-activated kinase 1; P-PAK1, phosphorylated PAK1; PAS, periodic acid-Schiff.
Article Snippet: These included FRAX597 (5 mg/kg, i.p., S7271, Selleck), 3-MPA (35 mg/kg, i.p., HY-128923, MCE), MB-3 (15 mg/kg, i.p., HY-129039, MCE), FTY720 (15 mg/kg, i.p., HY-12005, MCE) or SEW2871 (10 mg/kg, i.p., HY-W008947, MCE).
Techniques: Western Blot, Control, Staining, TUNEL Assay, In Vivo
