z fa fmk (Selleck Chemicals)
Structured Review

Z Fa Fmk, supplied by Selleck Chemicals, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 93/100, based on 11 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/fa/Z-FA-FMK/pmc09110316-69-4-37
Average 93 stars, based on 11 article reviews
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1) Product Images from "Potential Drug Discovery for COVID-19 Treatment Targeting Cathepsin L Using a Deep Learning-Based Strategy"
Article Title: Potential Drug Discovery for COVID-19 Treatment Targeting Cathepsin L Using a Deep Learning-Based Strategy
Journal: Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal
doi: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.05.023
Figure Legend Snippet: Prediction dataset validation with a cell-free CTSL activity detection system. A, Among the available molecules, the top 50 molecules from the prediction dataset were chosen for verifying the inhibition effect against CTSL in a cell-free system at a single dose of 100 μM. Twelve of the 50 predicted molecules displayed over 50% inhibition against CTSL, and the top 5 were Mg-132, Z-FA-FMK, leupeptin hemisulfate, Mg-101 and calpeptin, with inhibition efficiencies greater than 90%. The data are expressed as the mean of three individual trials. B-F, Five predicted CTSL inhibitors, Mg-132(B), Z-FA-FMK(C), leupeptin hemisulfate(D), Mg-101(E) and calpeptin(F), with inhibition efficiencies greater than 90% at 100 μM were further tested for determination of the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) in the cell-free system. Corresponding molecular structure was drawn by Chemdraw. Non-linear fit to a variable response curve from one representative experiment with three replicates is shown (black lines). The data are expressed as the mean ± s.e.m.
Techniques Used: Activity Assay, Inhibition, Concentration Assay
Figure Legend Snippet: The predicted CTSL inhibitors from bioactive compounds prevent SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus infection in Huh7 cells in vitro. A, Schematic of the predicted CTSL inhibitor assay setup. Huh7 cells were pretreated with different drugs 1 hour(h) before infection with SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus or SARS-CoV-2 B.1.351 (Beta) variant pseudovirus at the same dose (1.3×10 4 TCID 50 /ml). Pseudovirus infection and cell viability were evaluated 24 h later by a luciferase activity and MTT assay, respectively. B-F, Inhibition of pseudovirus infection by different doses of Mg-132 (B), Z-FA-FMK (C), Leupeptin Hemisulfate (D), Mg-101 (E), and Calpeptin (F) and viability of Huh7 cells treated with different doses of the drugs as indicated. Non-linear fit to a variable response curve from one representative experiment with four replicates is shown (red lines). Cytotoxic effect on Huh7 cells exposed to increasing concentrations of drugs in the absence of virus is also shown (blue lines). The CC 50 , EC 50 , and SI values of this graph are indicated. n=4. The data are expressed as the mean ± s.e.m. G-K, Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 B.1.351(Bata) variant pseudovirus infection by different doses of Mg-132 (G), Z-FA-FMK (H), Leupeptin Hemisulfate (I), Mg-101 (J), and Calpeptin (K) and viability of Huh7 cells treated with different doses of the drugs as indicated. Non-linear fit to a variable response curve from one representative experiment with four replicates is shown (purple lines). Cytotoxic effect on Huh7 cells exposed to increasing concentrations of drugs in the absence of virus is also shown (blue lines). The CC 50 , EC 50 , and SI values of this graph are indicated. CC 50 : 50% cytotoxic concentration. EC 50 : half maximal effective concentration. SI: the selectivity index, which is calculated as the ratio of CC 50 and EC 50 . n=4. The data are expressed as the mean ± s.e.m.
Techniques Used: Infection, In Vitro, Variant Assay, Luciferase, Activity Assay, MTT Assay, Inhibition, Concentration Assay
Figure Legend Snippet: The predicted CTSL inhibitors from bioactive compounds prevent live SARS-CoV-2 infection in Huh7 cells in vitro. A, Schematic of the predicted CTSL inhibitor assay setup. Huh7 cells were pretreated with different drugs 1 h before infection with live SARS-CoV-2 at the same dose (0.5 moi), followed by changing to fresh medium with the indicated concentrations of drugs 1 h later. The detection of infected cells was performed 48 h later by using an immunofluorescence assay. B-D, Inhibition of live SARS-CoV-2 infection by different doses of Mg-132 (B), Z-FA-FMK (C), and Leupeptin Hemisulfate (D). Non-linear fit to a variable response curve from one representative experiment with three replicates is shown (blue lines). The EC 50 value of this graph is indicated. n = 3. The data are expressed as the mean ± s.e.m.
Techniques Used: Infection, In Vitro, Immunofluorescence, Inhibition
Figure Legend Snippet: Molecular docking results of CTSL inhibitors in the crystal structure of human CTSL (5MQY). A-G, 3D structure of the human CTSL (5MQY) showing the main residues involved in the protein-ligand interaction of Compound 35 (A), Mg-132 (B), Z-FA-FMK (C), Leupeptin Hemisulfate (D), Calpeptin (E), Mg-101 (F) and Daptomycin (G). Compound 35 is a covalent inhibitor cocrystallized with human CTSL protein in 5MQY, used here as a positive control. Short intermolecular contacts with distances of < 4.0 Å between the ligand fragment (gray) and protein residues (dark green) are shown as dashed yellow lines. Structure visualization was by PyMol.
Techniques Used: Positive Control
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![( A ) scRNA-seq workflow. Created in BioRender. Kadota, C. (2026) https://BioRender.com/ks47d2b . ( B ) UMAP visualization of cell types in TMJ. Chondrocytes are highlighted in blue. ( C ) Proportion of each cell cluster in p75 +/+ and p75 −/− MCCs. ( D ) Pathway analysis of chondrocytes identified by scRNA-seq. ( E ) <t>Stereomicroscope</t> images and gross pellet size. Scale bar, 500 μm. ( F ) Safranin O staining [Top: Whole-pellet view (10×; scale bar, 500 μm); bottom, 40× view of the dotted area. Scale bar, 100 μm] and quantification of Safranin O–positive area, and ( G ) gene expression analyses ( Acan , Ihh , Sox9 , and Col2a1 ) of p75 +/+ and p75 −/− mBMSCs underwent 3D pellet culture ( N = 6 per group). ( H ) Left: Western blotting of p75 NTR , phosphorylated-AKT, AKT, phosphorylated-p38, and p38 in mBMSCs treated with vehicle or BDNF. Right: Quantification of p-AKT/AKT and p-p38/p38 ratios. ( N = 5 independent experiments). ( I ) Gene expression analyses in p75 +/+ and p75 −/− condyles for p75 NTR , Ntrk2 , Bdnf , Trp53 , Bax , Acan , Ihh , Sox9 , Col2a1 , and Mki67 ( N = 5 per group). IF staining for ( J ) Ki-67 and ( K ) TUNEL and quantification of Ki-67 and TUNEL-positive cells in p75 +/+ and p75 −/− TMJ ( N = 5 per group). Blue, DAPI. Scale bar, 50 μm. ( L ) Cell proliferation assay of mBMSCs derived from p75 +/+ and p75 −/− mice ( N = 5 per group). ( M ) Apoptosis assay of mBMSCs derived from p75 +/+ and p75 −/− mice ( N = 5 per group). Statistical significance was determined using unpaired two-sided Student’s t test or two-way ANOVA, as appropriate. Bonferroni correction was applied for pairwise post hoc comparisons following two-way ANOVA. Results are represented as the means ± 1 SEM. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001. N represents the number of mice or experimental replicates.](https://pub-med-central-images-cdn.bioz.com/pub_med_central_ids_ending_with_5922/pmc13685922/pmc13685922__sciadv.aef7786-f6.jpg)