Inhibition:Article Title: Bioactive Plant Compounds as Alternatives Against Antifungal Resistance in the Candida Strains.
Article Snippet: .. Plant/Derivative Compounds/IdentificationMethod Mechanism of Action Candida Species MIC (μg/mL) References Fridericia chica/extract Scutellarein-Oglucuronide and 5-methyl-scutellarein-Oglucuronide/UPLC-ESI- MS Morphogenesis Inhibition C. albicans (ATCC 10231) AR C. albicans (ATCC 18804) C. albicans (ATCC 2091) C. albicans (SC 5314) C. albicans Isolates C. krusei (ATCC 34135) FR+RI 512 512 512 512 256 to 1.024 512 [51] Annona muricata/extract Rutin, kaempferol-3Orutinoside, xylopine, and caffeic acid/UFLC-QTOF-MS Damage to the Fungal Membrane and Envelope C. albicans (ATCC 10231) AR 1000 [36] Origanum vulgare/Essential oil Thymol, 4-terpineol, and γ-terpinene/GC-MS Anti-Adhesion and Morphogenesis Inhibition C. albicans (ATCC 90029) C. albicans (ATCC 10231) AR C. krusei (ATCC 6258) FR+RI C. dubliniensis (CD36) 0.01 0.97 5.33 2.61 [52] Erythrina senegalensis/extract Neobavaisoflavone, alpinumisoflavone, cristacarpine, and 6,8- diprenylgenistein/UPLC- ESI-QTOF-MS/MS Multiple C. albicans (ATCC 10231) AR C. albicans (SC5314) FR C. glabrata (ATCC 2001) AR 15.63 31.25 7.81 [53] Eugenia uniflora/extract Gallic acid and myricitrin/HPLC-DAD Binding to α-14-Sterol Reductase and 1,3-β-Glucan Synthase C. albicans (ATCC 90028) C. dubliniesis (CBS 7987) C. tropicalis (ATCC 13803) C. parapsilosis (ATCC 22019) C. glabrata (ATCC 2001) AR 312.5 312.5 625 312.5 625 [54] Spondias tuberosa/extract Hyperoside and gallic acid/HPLC-DAD and NMR High Levels of Mitochondrial Superoxide Anion, Hyperpolarization, and Lysosomal Membrane Damage C. albicans Isolates C. glabrata 2000 78 [55] Callistemon citrinus/extract Tormentic acid/NMR Membrane Damage C. albicans (NCPF 3255) FR 100 [56] Cinnamomum verum/essential oil Cinnamaldehyde, 1,8-cineole, and α-copaene/GC-MS Unknown C. albicans (ATCC 10231) AR 62.5 [57] Table 2. ..
Membrane:Article Title: Bioactive Plant Compounds as Alternatives Against Antifungal Resistance in the Candida Strains.
Article Snippet: .. Plant/Derivative Compounds/IdentificationMethod Mechanism of Action Candida Species MIC (μg/mL) References Fridericia chica/extract Scutellarein-Oglucuronide and 5-methyl-scutellarein-Oglucuronide/UPLC-ESI- MS Morphogenesis Inhibition C. albicans (ATCC 10231) AR C. albicans (ATCC 18804) C. albicans (ATCC 2091) C. albicans (SC 5314) C. albicans Isolates C. krusei (ATCC 34135) FR+RI 512 512 512 512 256 to 1.024 512 [51] Annona muricata/extract Rutin, kaempferol-3Orutinoside, xylopine, and caffeic acid/UFLC-QTOF-MS Damage to the Fungal Membrane and Envelope C. albicans (ATCC 10231) AR 1000 [36] Origanum vulgare/Essential oil Thymol, 4-terpineol, and γ-terpinene/GC-MS Anti-Adhesion and Morphogenesis Inhibition C. albicans (ATCC 90029) C. albicans (ATCC 10231) AR C. krusei (ATCC 6258) FR+RI C. dubliniensis (CD36) 0.01 0.97 5.33 2.61 [52] Erythrina senegalensis/extract Neobavaisoflavone, alpinumisoflavone, cristacarpine, and 6,8- diprenylgenistein/UPLC- ESI-QTOF-MS/MS Multiple C. albicans (ATCC 10231) AR C. albicans (SC5314) FR C. glabrata (ATCC 2001) AR 15.63 31.25 7.81 [53] Eugenia uniflora/extract Gallic acid and myricitrin/HPLC-DAD Binding to α-14-Sterol Reductase and 1,3-β-Glucan Synthase C. albicans (ATCC 90028) C. dubliniesis (CBS 7987) C. tropicalis (ATCC 13803) C. parapsilosis (ATCC 22019) C. glabrata (ATCC 2001) AR 312.5 312.5 625 312.5 625 [54] Spondias tuberosa/extract Hyperoside and gallic acid/HPLC-DAD and NMR High Levels of Mitochondrial Superoxide Anion, Hyperpolarization, and Lysosomal Membrane Damage C. albicans Isolates C. glabrata 2000 78 [55] Callistemon citrinus/extract Tormentic acid/NMR Membrane Damage C. albicans (NCPF 3255) FR 100 [56] Cinnamomum verum/essential oil Cinnamaldehyde, 1,8-cineole, and α-copaene/GC-MS Unknown C. albicans (ATCC 10231) AR 62.5 [57] Table 2. ..
Binding Assay:Article Title: Bioactive Plant Compounds as Alternatives Against Antifungal Resistance in the Candida Strains.
Article Snippet: .. Plant/Derivative Compounds/IdentificationMethod Mechanism of Action Candida Species MIC (μg/mL) References Fridericia chica/extract Scutellarein-Oglucuronide and 5-methyl-scutellarein-Oglucuronide/UPLC-ESI- MS Morphogenesis Inhibition C. albicans (ATCC 10231) AR C. albicans (ATCC 18804) C. albicans (ATCC 2091) C. albicans (SC 5314) C. albicans Isolates C. krusei (ATCC 34135) FR+RI 512 512 512 512 256 to 1.024 512 [51] Annona muricata/extract Rutin, kaempferol-3Orutinoside, xylopine, and caffeic acid/UFLC-QTOF-MS Damage to the Fungal Membrane and Envelope C. albicans (ATCC 10231) AR 1000 [36] Origanum vulgare/Essential oil Thymol, 4-terpineol, and γ-terpinene/GC-MS Anti-Adhesion and Morphogenesis Inhibition C. albicans (ATCC 90029) C. albicans (ATCC 10231) AR C. krusei (ATCC 6258) FR+RI C. dubliniensis (CD36) 0.01 0.97 5.33 2.61 [52] Erythrina senegalensis/extract Neobavaisoflavone, alpinumisoflavone, cristacarpine, and 6,8- diprenylgenistein/UPLC- ESI-QTOF-MS/MS Multiple C. albicans (ATCC 10231) AR C. albicans (SC5314) FR C. glabrata (ATCC 2001) AR 15.63 31.25 7.81 [53] Eugenia uniflora/extract Gallic acid and myricitrin/HPLC-DAD Binding to α-14-Sterol Reductase and 1,3-β-Glucan Synthase C. albicans (ATCC 90028) C. dubliniesis (CBS 7987) C. tropicalis (ATCC 13803) C. parapsilosis (ATCC 22019) C. glabrata (ATCC 2001) AR 312.5 312.5 625 312.5 625 [54] Spondias tuberosa/extract Hyperoside and gallic acid/HPLC-DAD and NMR High Levels of Mitochondrial Superoxide Anion, Hyperpolarization, and Lysosomal Membrane Damage C. albicans Isolates C. glabrata 2000 78 [55] Callistemon citrinus/extract Tormentic acid/NMR Membrane Damage C. albicans (NCPF 3255) FR 100 [56] Cinnamomum verum/essential oil Cinnamaldehyde, 1,8-cineole, and α-copaene/GC-MS Unknown C. albicans (ATCC 10231) AR 62.5 [57] Table 2. ..
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance:Article Title: Bioactive Plant Compounds as Alternatives Against Antifungal Resistance in the Candida Strains.
Article Snippet: .. Plant/Derivative Compounds/IdentificationMethod Mechanism of Action Candida Species MIC (μg/mL) References Fridericia chica/extract Scutellarein-Oglucuronide and 5-methyl-scutellarein-Oglucuronide/UPLC-ESI- MS Morphogenesis Inhibition C. albicans (ATCC 10231) AR C. albicans (ATCC 18804) C. albicans (ATCC 2091) C. albicans (SC 5314) C. albicans Isolates C. krusei (ATCC 34135) FR+RI 512 512 512 512 256 to 1.024 512 [51] Annona muricata/extract Rutin, kaempferol-3Orutinoside, xylopine, and caffeic acid/UFLC-QTOF-MS Damage to the Fungal Membrane and Envelope C. albicans (ATCC 10231) AR 1000 [36] Origanum vulgare/Essential oil Thymol, 4-terpineol, and γ-terpinene/GC-MS Anti-Adhesion and Morphogenesis Inhibition C. albicans (ATCC 90029) C. albicans (ATCC 10231) AR C. krusei (ATCC 6258) FR+RI C. dubliniensis (CD36) 0.01 0.97 5.33 2.61 [52] Erythrina senegalensis/extract Neobavaisoflavone, alpinumisoflavone, cristacarpine, and 6,8- diprenylgenistein/UPLC- ESI-QTOF-MS/MS Multiple C. albicans (ATCC 10231) AR C. albicans (SC5314) FR C. glabrata (ATCC 2001) AR 15.63 31.25 7.81 [53] Eugenia uniflora/extract Gallic acid and myricitrin/HPLC-DAD Binding to α-14-Sterol Reductase and 1,3-β-Glucan Synthase C. albicans (ATCC 90028) C. dubliniesis (CBS 7987) C. tropicalis (ATCC 13803) C. parapsilosis (ATCC 22019) C. glabrata (ATCC 2001) AR 312.5 312.5 625 312.5 625 [54] Spondias tuberosa/extract Hyperoside and gallic acid/HPLC-DAD and NMR High Levels of Mitochondrial Superoxide Anion, Hyperpolarization, and Lysosomal Membrane Damage C. albicans Isolates C. glabrata 2000 78 [55] Callistemon citrinus/extract Tormentic acid/NMR Membrane Damage C. albicans (NCPF 3255) FR 100 [56] Cinnamomum verum/essential oil Cinnamaldehyde, 1,8-cineole, and α-copaene/GC-MS Unknown C. albicans (ATCC 10231) AR 62.5 [57] Table 2. ..
Activity Assay:Article Title: Combined Effect of Zinc Oxide and Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles on Color Stability and Antifungal Activity of Maxillofacial Silicone Elastomers: An In Vitro Study
Article Snippet: .. The antifungal activity was evaluated using the disk diffusion method against Candida albicans (ATCC 10231). .. The fungal strain was cultured on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar plates (SDA) (Biomark Laboratories, Maharashtra, India) used for antifungal activity susceptibility testing, following the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines.
Diffusion-based Assay:Article Title: Combined Effect of Zinc Oxide and Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles on Color Stability and Antifungal Activity of Maxillofacial Silicone Elastomers: An In Vitro Study
Article Snippet: .. The antifungal activity was evaluated using the disk diffusion method against Candida albicans (ATCC 10231). .. The fungal strain was cultured on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar plates (SDA) (Biomark Laboratories, Maharashtra, India) used for antifungal activity susceptibility testing, following the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines.
Bacteria:Article Title: Oil-based wound care compositions and methods
Article Snippet: .. Colony Forming Units/gram Organism Inoculum/g Day 2 Day 7 Day 14 Day 21 Day 28 Staphylococcus aureus 1 × 106 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 (bacteria) ATCC#6538) Pseudomonas aeruginosa 1 × 106 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 (bacteria) (ATCC#9027) Escherichia coli (bacteria) 1 × 106 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 (ATCC#8739) Candida albicans (yeast) 1 × 105 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 (ATCC#10231) Aspergillus niger (mold) 1 × 105 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 (ATCC#16404) TABLE 4 Log Reduction Calculation from Initial Inoculum. ..
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