sample preparation  (Bio-Rad)

Journal: Nucleic Acids Research

Article Title: Transient SUMOylation inhibition in human pre-adipocytes stably imprints a transcriptional beiging fate

doi: 10.1093/nar/gkag232

Figure Lengend Snippet: Stable mobilization of CEBPs and PPARG upon transient TAK-981 treatment in pre-adipocytes. ( A ) ATAC-seq experimental layout in hTERT A41hWAT-SVF pre-adipocytes. Time series analysis and hierarchical clustering of significant variations in chromatin accessibility at day 0 (D0), 12 h (12h), and day (D7) after TAK-981 treatment. ( C ) GOBP analysis of ATAC-seq clusters 2 and 6 revealed in panel (B). See and for an analysis of all clusters. ( D – F ) Volcano plots displaying the results of ATAC-seq inferred differential TF activity analyses performed at D0, 12h, and D7 after TAK-981 or DMSO treatment. Colored dots indicate significant differentially mobilized TFs (TAK-981 versus DMSO). Differential binding score >0.05 and pAdj <0.001. ( G ) Time series analysis inferred TF activity over time (TAK-981 versus DMSO) at D0, 12h, and D7 after TAK-981 treatment. ( H ) Western blot analysis of CEBPB SUMOylation in DMSO and TAK-981-treated cells. ( I ) Western blot analysis of CEBPB and PPARG in DMSO, rosiglitazone, TAK-981-treated cells and cotreated hTERT A41hWAT-SVF pre-adipocytes. ( J ) Western blot analysis of PPARG in DMSO, rosiglitazone, TAK-981-treated cells and cotreated hASCs.

Article Snippet: Samples for assay for transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing (ATAC-seq) were prepared based on previously published protocols with the Illumina ATAC-seq library preparation kit (20034197) [ – ].

Techniques: Activity Assay, Binding Assay, Western Blot

Journal: Nucleic Acids Research

Article Title: Cryo-EM structures reveal a conserved architecture for raiA noncoding RNA

doi: 10.1093/nar/gkag185

Figure Lengend Snippet: Cryo-EM structure of raiA motif RNA from Nocardioides sp. Iso805N ( Ns-raiA ) at 3.0 Å resolution. ( A ) Cryo-EM density map of Ns-raiA shown in three different views. Individual stem–loops are color-coded as indicated. Pyramid diagrams indicate the orientation of Ns-raiA structure. ( B ) Overlaid cryo-EM densities and models of P1c, P3a, PK1, P5, P6, and P8.

Article Snippet: RNA samples were diluted to ∼30 μM in EM buffer (20 mM HEPES–HCl, pH 7.5, 50 mM KCl, 10 mM MgCl 2 , 0.05% Igepal CA-630) before preparing cryo-EM samples.

Techniques: Cryo-EM Sample Prep

Journal: Nucleic Acids Research

Article Title: Cryo-EM structures reveal a conserved architecture for raiA noncoding RNA

doi: 10.1093/nar/gkag185

Figure Lengend Snippet: Tertiary and secondary structures of Ns-raiA . ( A ) Atomic model of Ns-raiA shown in three different views. Individual stem–loops are color-coded as indicated. Nucleotides in the conserved UU AGAC GUAA linker connecting PK1 and P6 not resolved in the cryo-EM map are shown as a dotted line. Secondary structures of Ns-raiA are shown in the canonical layout ( B ) as proposed in or in a layout that more closely reflects the tertiary structure ( C ). The nucleotides are colored as in the structure in panel (A). Black arrowheads indicate the backbone direction. Non-Watson–Crick base pairs are indicated with Leontis–Westhof nomenclature symbols (inset) .

Article Snippet: RNA samples were diluted to ∼30 μM in EM buffer (20 mM HEPES–HCl, pH 7.5, 50 mM KCl, 10 mM MgCl 2 , 0.05% Igepal CA-630) before preparing cryo-EM samples.

Techniques: Cryo-EM Sample Prep

Journal: Nucleic Acids Research

Article Title: Cryo-EM structures reveal a conserved architecture for raiA noncoding RNA

doi: 10.1093/nar/gkag185

Figure Lengend Snippet: Structural comparison of raiA motif RNAs from Nocardioides sp. Iso805N ( Ns-raiA ) , Clostridium acetobutylicum ( Ca-raiA ), and Mogibacterium pumilum ( Mp-raiA ). Cryo-EM density map (left) and atomic model (right) of Ns-raiA ( A ), Ca-raiA ( B ), and Mp-raiA ( C ). The absence of P2 and distal P7 in Ca-raiA and Mp-raiA , and the absence of P8 in Mp-raiA are indicated by dashed lines. Sequence and secondary structure of Ca-raiA ( D ), and Mp-raiA ( E ). Black arrowheads indicate the backbone direction. Non-Watson–Crick base pairs are labeled as indicated. Insets show the schematics of J1 regions. Zoom-in views of the P1c-P2-P3a junction in Ns-raiA ( F ), and the P1c-P3a junctions in Ca-raiA ( G ) and Mp-raiA ( H ), highlighting the GAA(A) tetraloop fold, shown in the same orientation. Zoom-in views of the interface of P8 and PK1 stems in Ns-raiA ( I ) and Ca-raiA ( J ), and the PK1 stem in Mp-raiA ( K ), shown in the same orientation.

Article Snippet: RNA samples were diluted to ∼30 μM in EM buffer (20 mM HEPES–HCl, pH 7.5, 50 mM KCl, 10 mM MgCl 2 , 0.05% Igepal CA-630) before preparing cryo-EM samples.

Techniques: Comparison, Cryo-EM Sample Prep, Sequencing, Labeling

Journal: Nucleic Acids Research

Article Title: Cryo-EM structures reveal a conserved architecture for raiA noncoding RNA

doi: 10.1093/nar/gkag185

Figure Lengend Snippet: Structural details of P1 and its interactions with the core. ( A ) Overall view of P1 (shown as colored ribbon for backbone and filled bases and sugars) and its position relative to the core (colored ribbon) in the structure of Ns-raiA . Other stems are shown as white ribbons. ( B ) Close-up view of the interface between P1 and the core, in dashed box region in panel (A). The two insert panels highlight the long-range A81-G240-G10 stacking and the G10-G14-C242 base triple, respectively. ( C ) Secondary structure representation of the region shown in panel (B). Long-range stacking interactions are indicated by gray dashed lines, while base triple interactions are marked with green lines. ( D ) Representative 2D class averages of To-raiA (left) and enlargement with structure features labeled (right). ( E ) Cryo-EM density map and ribbon model of To-raiA . ( F ) Sequence conservation of raiA motif RNA mapped onto the Ns-raiA structure. View on left highlights conservation of P1 and on right conservation of the core. Conservation scores were calculated using the ConSurf server .

Article Snippet: RNA samples were diluted to ∼30 μM in EM buffer (20 mM HEPES–HCl, pH 7.5, 50 mM KCl, 10 mM MgCl 2 , 0.05% Igepal CA-630) before preparing cryo-EM samples.

Techniques: Labeling, Cryo-EM Sample Prep, Sequencing