Journal: International Journal of Molecular Medicine

Article Title: HELLS inhibits autophagy-dependent ferroptosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma by modulating the Nrf2/HO-1/GPX4 pathway

doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2026.5788

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of HELLS on autophagy-dependent ferroptosis. (A) Relative viability of the sh-HELLS, sh-NC, sh-HELLS + Rapa, sh-NC + Rapa, sh-HELLS + 3-MA, and sh-NC + 3-MA groups at 0, 24, 48 and 72 h. Levels of (B) GSH, (C) MDA and (D) Fe 2+ in the six groups. (E) Representative images illustrating immunofluorescence staining of the ROS probes in the six groups. (F) ROS levels in the six groups. (G and H) Relative mRNA expression levels of (G) ACSL4 and (H) PTGS2 in the six groups. (I) Representative images of immunoblots of 4-HNE, ACSL4, and PTGS2. (J) Relative expression levels of 4-HNE in the six groups. Relative protein expression levels of (K) ACSL4 and (L) PTGS2 in the six groups. * P<0.05, ** P<0.01, *** P<0.001 and **** P<0.0001. HELLS, lymphoid-specific helicase; sh-, short hairpin; NC, negative control; Rapa, rapamycin; 3-MA, 3-Methyladenine; GSH, glutathione; MDA, malondialdehyde; ROS, reactive oxygen species; 4-HNE, 4-hydroxynonenal; ACSL4, acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4; PTGS2, prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2.

Article Snippet: Furthermore, to investigate apoptosis-dependent ferroptosis, cells were initially stimulated with erastin and subsequently treated with either 500 nM rapamycin (Rapa; cat. no. HY-10219; MedChemExpress) or 5 mM 3-methyladenine (3-MA; cat. no. HY-19312; MedChemExpress) for 24 h ( , ).

Techniques: Immunofluorescence, Staining, Expressing, Western Blot, Negative Control