Journal: Frontiers in Oncology

Article Title: LPCAT1 as a prognostic biomarker and risk indicator for hepatocellular carcinoma: insights into genes related to lipid metabolism

doi: 10.3389/fonc.2026.1707270

Figure Lengend Snippet: LPCAT1 is upregulated in HCC and shows coordinated associations with ICB activity and immune-stromal infiltration. (A–C) Association of LPCAT1 mRNAexpression levels with advanced T stage (A) , TNM stage (B) , and histologic grade (C) in the TCGA-LIHC cohort. (D, E) GSEA for samples with highLPCAT1 expression (D) and low expression (E) . (F) IHC shows stronger LPCAT1 protein in tumor tissue than in adjacent non-tumor tissue. Scalebar:100mm. (G) LPCAT1 IHC staining was stronger in TNM stage III than in stage I tumors. Scale bar:100mm. (H) Box plot showed the ratio differentiation of 21 kinds of immune cells between LIHC tumor samples with low or high LPCAT1 expression relative to the median of LPCAT1 expression level. P values were adjusted for multiple comparisons using the Benjamini-Hochberg method. **Adjusted p < 0.01, ***adjusted p < 0.001. (I) Immune checkpoint genes expression levels in the high and low LPCAT1 expression in TCGA. **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: Tissue sections (4 μm thick) were stained using a monoclonal antibody against LPCAT1 (1:200, 66044-1-Ig, Proteintech).

Techniques: Activity Assay, Expressing, Immunohistochemistry

Journal: Frontiers in Oncology

Article Title: LPCAT1 as a prognostic biomarker and risk indicator for hepatocellular carcinoma: insights into genes related to lipid metabolism

doi: 10.3389/fonc.2026.1707270

Figure Lengend Snippet: LPCAT1 drives HCC progression and confers therapeutic vulnerability via high-affinity interactions. (A) Western blot validation of LPCAT1 over-expression. (B) EdU proliferation assay showing increased DNA replication in LPCAT1-overexpressing cells. Scale bar:200μm (C) Colony formation assay demonstrating enhanced clonogenic capacity post-LPCAT1 over-expression. Scale bar: 200μm. (D) Wound healing assay was performed to evaluate the cell migration of LPCAT1-overexpressed Hepa1–6 cells. Scale bar: 100μm. (E, F) Transwell assays with/without matrigel coating for migration (E) and invasion (F) quantification. Scale bar:100μm. (G) The docking conformation and interaction force analysis of LPCAT1. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: Tissue sections (4 μm thick) were stained using a monoclonal antibody against LPCAT1 (1:200, 66044-1-Ig, Proteintech).

Techniques: Western Blot, Biomarker Discovery, Over Expression, Proliferation Assay, Colony Assay, Wound Healing Assay, Migration

Journal: Frontiers in Oncology

Article Title: LPCAT1 as a prognostic biomarker and risk indicator for hepatocellular carcinoma: insights into genes related to lipid metabolism

doi: 10.3389/fonc.2026.1707270

Figure Lengend Snippet: Structural dynamics of LPCAT1-kinase inhibitor complexes. (A-C) RMSD plots for (A) sorafenib, (B) lenvatinib, and (C) regorafenib complexes. (D-F) RMSF of LPCAT1 in complex with (D) sorafenib, (E) lenvatinib, and (F) regorafenib. (G-I) Ligand RMSF for (G) sorafenib, (H) lenvatinib, and (I) regorafenib. (J-L) Secondary structure evolution of LPCAT1 bound to (J) sorafenib, (K) lenvatinib, and (L) regorafenib.

Article Snippet: Tissue sections (4 μm thick) were stained using a monoclonal antibody against LPCAT1 (1:200, 66044-1-Ig, Proteintech).

Techniques:

Journal: Frontiers in Oncology

Article Title: LPCAT1 as a prognostic biomarker and risk indicator for hepatocellular carcinoma: insights into genes related to lipid metabolism

doi: 10.3389/fonc.2026.1707270

Figure Lengend Snippet: Interaction landscapes and binding metrics. (A–C) Sorafenib binding mode: (A) Interaction types between sorafenib and LPCAT1. (B) TRP163 distance. (C) PHE513 distance. (D–F) Lenvatinib interaction dynamics: (D) Interaction types between lenvatinib and LPCAT1. (E) CYS514 distance. (F) TRP247 distance. (G–I) regorafenib interaction dynamics: (G) Interaction types between regorafenib and LPCAT1. (H) PHE206 distance. (I) ARG183 distance.

Article Snippet: Tissue sections (4 μm thick) were stained using a monoclonal antibody against LPCAT1 (1:200, 66044-1-Ig, Proteintech).

Techniques: Binding Assay

Journal: Frontiers in Oncology

Article Title: LPCAT1 as a prognostic biomarker and risk indicator for hepatocellular carcinoma: insights into genes related to lipid metabolism

doi: 10.3389/fonc.2026.1707270

Figure Lengend Snippet: Interaction landscapes and binding metrics. (A–C) RMSD plots for (A) PD1-LPCAT1, (B) PDL1-LPCAT1, and (C) CTLA4-LPCAT1. (D–F) Interface residue RMSF for (D) PD1-LPCAT1, (E) PDL1-LPCAT1, and (F) CTLA4-LPCAT1. (G–I) Secondary structure conservation in (G) PD1, (H) PDL1, and (I) CTLA4 complexes.

Article Snippet: Tissue sections (4 μm thick) were stained using a monoclonal antibody against LPCAT1 (1:200, 66044-1-Ig, Proteintech).

Techniques: Binding Assay, Residue

Journal: Cell metabolism

Article Title: Oncogene amplification in growth factor signaling pathways renders cancers dependent on membrane lipid remodeling

doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2019.06.014

Figure Lengend Snippet: KEY RESOURCES TABLE

Article Snippet: Mouse Monoclonal anti-LPCAT1, Clone 8B6E9 (WB 1:10000) , Proteintech , Cat#66044–1-lg; RRID:AB_11045658.

Techniques: Recombinant, Membrane, Transfection, SYBR Green Assay, Bicinchoninic Acid Protein Assay, Negative Control, Empire Assay, Plasmid Preparation, shRNA, Control, Sequencing, Software

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: Resistance to anti-LAG-3 plus anti-PD-1 therapy in head and neck cancer is mediated by Sox9+ tumor cells interaction with Fpr1+ neutrophils

doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-59050-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: A The UMAP plot shows five epithelial subtypes in distinct colors, with bar graphs indicating their quantities. B The UMAP plot (left) shows the distributions of control, resistant, and sensitive groups, with cell proportions (center) and subtype compositions (right). C Heatmap of top 10 signature genes for three groups. D CellChat circle plot shows differences in intercellular communication number and strength between two groups. E The UMAP plot shows 11 immune cell subtypes, with bar graphs indicating their numbers. F The UMAP plot shows 11 immune subtypes across two groups. G CellChat analysis compares epithelial-immune information flow in Resi and Sens groups, with relative (left) and absolute (right) flow shown. H Scatter plot of ANNEXIN pathway signaling in cell clusters from CellChat analysis. Bubble plots from CellChat ( I ) and CellPhoneDB (J) show epithelial subtype communication with Neu1 receptors and ligands. P values were calculated using a permutation test, assessing the significance of cell-cell communication by comparing observed mean expression with a null distribution generated by random permutations ( I ). P values were calculated using a permutation test, which generates a null distribution by randomly shuffling cell labels to determine the specificity of interactions ( J ). P values are one-sided and exact. K Violin plot (left) and FeaturePlot (right) show Anxa1 expression in epithelial cells across groups. The box plot elements are defined as described in the Statistics and Reproducibility section. Each group includes cells from 3 mice. P values were calculated one-way ANOVA. L Violin plot showing Anxa1 expression across epithelial cell subtypes. The box plot elements are defined as described in the Statistics and Reproducibility section. Each group includes cells from 9 mice. P values were calculated one-way ANOVA. M Representative IHC staining and score of Anxa1 in HNSCC. n = 6 control, n = 6 resistant, n = 8 sensitive mice. Scale bar = 65 μm. Data shown as as mean ± SD. P values were calculated one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test. Source data and exact p values are provided as a file.

Article Snippet: Following a previously published method, HL60 cells were incubated with 500 nM ANXA1 (MCE, HY-P7512) for 6 h, or sorted Fpr1+ neutrophils were incubated with 500 nM Anxa1 (MCE, HY-P72078) for 6 h . Following the manufacturer’s instructions, Fpr1+ neutrophils treated with or without Anxa1 were stained with MitoTracker Red (Thermo Fisher, A66443) and Hoechst 33342 (Beyotime, R0305S-6) under light-protected conditions at 37 °C for 20 min. After staining, images were captured using a super-resolution microscope (Nikon, Tokyo, Japan) in SIM mode.

Techniques: Control, Expressing, Generated, Immunohistochemistry

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: Resistance to anti-LAG-3 plus anti-PD-1 therapy in head and neck cancer is mediated by Sox9+ tumor cells interaction with Fpr1+ neutrophils

doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-59050-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: A The experimental design of the HNSCC tumorigenesis model and treatment strategy in the Resi; Anxa1 cKO-Con and Resi; Anxa1 cKO groups. B Representative image of tongue visible lesions in Resi; Anxa1 cKO-Con and Resi; Anxa1 cKO groups. n = 6 mice in each group. Scale bar, 2 mm. C Quantification of HNSCC lesion number and lesion area (mm 3 ) in Resi; Anxa1 cKO-Con and Resi; Anxa1 cKO groups. n = 6 mice in each group. Data shown as mean ± SD. P values are presented by two-tailed unpaired Student’s t test. D Representative H&E staining of HNSCC and Quantification of HNSCC invasion grades in Resi; Anxa1 cKO-Con and Resi; Anxa1 cKO groups. Scale bar, 65 μm. n = 6 mice in each group. Statistical significance was assessed using the Pearson chi-square test. P value is exact and two-sided. Representative IHC staining and IHC Score of Ki67 ( E ), Anxa1 ( F ), and Fpr1 ( G ) in HNSCC of Resi; Anxa1 cKO-Con and Resi; Anxa1 cKO groups. The scale bar is 65 μm. n = 6 mice in each group. Data shown as mean ± SD. P values are presented by two-tailed unpaired Student’s t test. Representative immunofluorescence staining of Gzma+γδT ( H ) or Gzma+Cd8 T ( I ) cells in mouse HNSCC tissues from Resi; Anxa1 cKO-Con and Resi; Anxa1 cKO groups. Epithelial tissues were stained with anti-Gzma antibody (green) and anti-Tcr g/d ( H ) or anti-Cd8a ( I ) antibody (red). Cell nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar, 30 μm. On the right, the corresponding percentages of Gzma+γδT ( H ) or Gzma+Cd8 T ( I ) cells in terms of area and number are provided. n = 6 mice in each group. Data shown as mean ± SD. P values are presented by two-tailed unpaired Student’s t test. Source data and exact p values are provided as a file.

Article Snippet: Following a previously published method, HL60 cells were incubated with 500 nM ANXA1 (MCE, HY-P7512) for 6 h, or sorted Fpr1+ neutrophils were incubated with 500 nM Anxa1 (MCE, HY-P72078) for 6 h . Following the manufacturer’s instructions, Fpr1+ neutrophils treated with or without Anxa1 were stained with MitoTracker Red (Thermo Fisher, A66443) and Hoechst 33342 (Beyotime, R0305S-6) under light-protected conditions at 37 °C for 20 min. After staining, images were captured using a super-resolution microscope (Nikon, Tokyo, Japan) in SIM mode.

Techniques: Two Tailed Test, Staining, Immunohistochemistry, Immunofluorescence

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: Resistance to anti-LAG-3 plus anti-PD-1 therapy in head and neck cancer is mediated by Sox9+ tumor cells interaction with Fpr1+ neutrophils

doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-59050-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: A Venn diagram of genes identified by FindMarkers and SCENIC analyses. B Violin plot (left) shows Sox9 expression across groups, and FeaturePlot (right) depicts Sox9 expression in epithelial cells. The box plot elements are defined as described in the Statistics and Reproducibility section. Each group includes cells from 3 mice. P values were calculated one-way ANOVA. C Violin plot showing Sox9 expression across epithelial cell subtypes. The box plot elements are defined as described in the Statistics and Reproducibility section. Each group includes cells from 9 mice. P values were calculated one-way ANOVA. D Representative IHC staining and score of Sox9 in HNSCC. n = 6 control, n = 6 resistant, n = 8 sensitive mice. Scale bar = 65 μm. Data shown as mean ± SD. P values were calculated one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test. E ChIP of genomic DNA from resistant mouse HNSCC tissues was performed with a Sox9-specific antibody. Left: gel image, right: qPCR analysis of Anxa1 promoter ChIP signal relative to IgG group. Two primer pairs were used. The experiment was independently repeated three times. Data shown as mean ± SD. P values are presented by two-tailed unpaired Student’s t test. F Luciferase reporter assay assessed Anxa1 promoter activity in Moc1 cells. A schematic diagram shows cloning the Anxa1 promoter into the pZX001 vector to generate pGL3 luciferase plasmid. Binding motif information was retrieved from footprintDB database. G The relative activity of the Anxa1 promoter was detected by luciferase assay across the three groups. The experiment was independently repeated three times. Data shown as mean ± SD. P values were calculated one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test. H Representative immunofluorescence colocalization of Anxa1 (red) and Sox9 (green) in Resi mouse HNSCC tissues. Nuclei counterstained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar = 20 μm. Source data and exact p values are provided as a file.

Article Snippet: Following a previously published method, HL60 cells were incubated with 500 nM ANXA1 (MCE, HY-P7512) for 6 h, or sorted Fpr1+ neutrophils were incubated with 500 nM Anxa1 (MCE, HY-P72078) for 6 h . Following the manufacturer’s instructions, Fpr1+ neutrophils treated with or without Anxa1 were stained with MitoTracker Red (Thermo Fisher, A66443) and Hoechst 33342 (Beyotime, R0305S-6) under light-protected conditions at 37 °C for 20 min. After staining, images were captured using a super-resolution microscope (Nikon, Tokyo, Japan) in SIM mode.

Techniques: Expressing, Immunohistochemistry, Control, Two Tailed Test, Luciferase, Reporter Assay, Activity Assay, Cloning, Plasmid Preparation, Binding Assay, Immunofluorescence

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: Resistance to anti-LAG-3 plus anti-PD-1 therapy in head and neck cancer is mediated by Sox9+ tumor cells interaction with Fpr1+ neutrophils

doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-59050-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: A The experimental design of the HNSCC tumorigenesis model and treatment strategy in the Resi; DTR+ and Resi; DTR− groups. B Representative image of tongue visible lesions in Resi; DTR+ and Resi; DTR− groups. n = 6 mice in each group. Scale bar, 2 mm. C Quantification of HNSCC lesion number and lesion area (mm 3 ) in Resi; DTR+ and Resi; DTR− groups. n = 6 mice in each group. Data shown as mean ± SD. P values are presented by two-tailed unpaired Student’s t test. D Representative H&E staining of HNSCC and Quantification of HNSCC invasion grades in Resi; DTR+ and Resi; DTR− groups. Scale bar, 65 μm. n = 6 mice in each group. Statistical significance was assessed using the Pearson chi-square test. P value is exact and two-sided. Representative IHC staining and IHC Score of Ki67 ( E ), Sox9 ( F ), Anxa1 ( G ), and Fpr1 ( H ) in HNSCC of Resi; DTR+ and Resi; DTR− groups. The scale bar is 65 μm. n = 6 mice in each group. Data shown as mean ± SD. P values are presented by two-tailed unpaired Student’s t test. Representative immunofluorescence staining of Gzma+γδT ( I ) or Gzma+Cd8 T ( J ) cells in mouse HNSCC tissues from Resi; DTR+ and Resi; DTR− groups. Epithelial tissues were stained with anti-Gzma antibody (green) and anti-Tcr g/d ( I ) or anti-Cd8a ( J ) antibody (red). Cell nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar, 30 μm. On the right, the corresponding percentages of Gzma+γδT ( I ) or Gzma+Cd8 T ( J ) cells in terms of area and number are provided. n = 6 mice in each group. Data shown as mean ± SD. P values are presented by two-tailed unpaired Student’s t test. Source data and exact p values are provided as a file.

Article Snippet: Following a previously published method, HL60 cells were incubated with 500 nM ANXA1 (MCE, HY-P7512) for 6 h, or sorted Fpr1+ neutrophils were incubated with 500 nM Anxa1 (MCE, HY-P72078) for 6 h . Following the manufacturer’s instructions, Fpr1+ neutrophils treated with or without Anxa1 were stained with MitoTracker Red (Thermo Fisher, A66443) and Hoechst 33342 (Beyotime, R0305S-6) under light-protected conditions at 37 °C for 20 min. After staining, images were captured using a super-resolution microscope (Nikon, Tokyo, Japan) in SIM mode.

Techniques: Two Tailed Test, Staining, Immunohistochemistry, Immunofluorescence