Journal:

Article Title: Dopamine receptor mRNA and protein expression in the mouse corpus striatum and cerebral cortex during pre- and post-natal development

doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2007.04.043

Figure Lengend Snippet: Expression level of dopamine receptor mRNAs in the proliferative neuroepithelium of the dorsal cerebral wall (A) and the ganglionic eminence (B) on E12 and E15 and the subventricular zone on P60 (C). Since there were no statistically significant differences in the expression level of any of the five mRNAs between the lateral, medial and caudal ganglionic eminences at E12 or E15, we combined the data from the 3 subdivisions. (A) Dorsal cerebral wall demonstrates greater D2-like (DR2, DR3 and DR4) than D1-like receptor expression (t(10)=6.363; p<0.0001). (B) * = D1R and D2R are significantly higher at E15 than at E12 (t(18)=6.382 or 5.38, respectively, p<0.0001 for both), † = D2R expression significantly greater than all other dopamine receptors at E15 (p<0.0001 for all post-hoc comparisons). (C) * = D1R and D2R expression lavels are significantly different between each other and compared to all other receptors (F(4,25)=42.8; p<0.0001; Bonferroni p<0.05, for all comparisons) Mean±SEM values from 3–6 individual brains.

Article Snippet: The following genes were analyzed, each is followed by its corresponding catalogue number D1R (Mm01353211_m1), D2R (Mm00438541_m1), D3R (Mm00432887_m1), D4R (Mm00432893_m1), D5R (Mm00658653_s1), and reference genes 18s rRNA (Hs Hs99999901_s1), β-actin (4352933E), β-2-microglobulin (B2M) (Mm00437762_m1), and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) (4352932E).

Techniques: Expressing

Journal:

Article Title: Dopamine receptor mRNA and protein expression in the mouse corpus striatum and cerebral cortex during pre- and post-natal development

doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2007.04.043

Figure Lengend Snippet: Dopamine receptor mRNA expression in the striatum from E12 to P60 (A, B). D1R and D2R mRNA levels are significantly higher than the other mRNAs (Table 2). Therefore, D1R and D2R expression levels are shown separately in A and D3R, D4R and D5R mRNA are shown in B. Since the striatum is a rostro-caudally elongated structure, we analyzed each mRNA separately for rostral and caudal striatum on P0, P21 and P60 (C, D, E, F, G) (C, * = t(13)=3.394; p<0.005 at P21 rostral versus caudal) (D, * = t(10)=7.673; p<0.0001 at P0 rostral vs. caudal) (E, * = t(22)=3.851; p<0.001 at P60 rostral vs. caudal). We also analyzed mRNA expression separately for dorsal and ventral regions of rostral and caudal divisions. Only D3R mRNA showed significant differences among the four sub-regions with the ventral portion of the rostral striatum showing the highest expression at each (H) (** = P0, F(3,8)=16.58; p<0.001, Bonferroni p<0.01 for all ventro-rostral comparisons; P60, F(3,20)=30.52; p<0.0001, Bonferroni p<0.001 for all ventro-rostral comparisons. Mean±SEM values from 3–6 individual brains. DR = dorsal-rostral; VR = ventral-rostral; DC = dorsal-caudal; VC = ventral-caudal.

Article Snippet: The following genes were analyzed, each is followed by its corresponding catalogue number D1R (Mm01353211_m1), D2R (Mm00438541_m1), D3R (Mm00432887_m1), D4R (Mm00432893_m1), D5R (Mm00658653_s1), and reference genes 18s rRNA (Hs Hs99999901_s1), β-actin (4352933E), β-2-microglobulin (B2M) (Mm00437762_m1), and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) (4352932E).

Techniques: Expressing

Journal:

Article Title: Dopamine receptor mRNA and protein expression in the mouse corpus striatum and cerebral cortex during pre- and post-natal development

doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2007.04.043

Figure Lengend Snippet: Results of statistical analyses of dopamine receptor expression levels at each of E12 to P60 in each brain region Statistical analyses of differences among dopamine receptor expression levels at each age. For each brain region and age, expression levels of the five receptors (D1R, D2R, D3R, D4R and D5R) were analyzed by ANOVA. Differences between a given receptor pair were analyzed by Bonferroni post-test. NS = not significant, for ANOVA p> 0.001 for Bonferroni p> 0.05.

Article Snippet: The following genes were analyzed, each is followed by its corresponding catalogue number D1R (Mm01353211_m1), D2R (Mm00438541_m1), D3R (Mm00432887_m1), D4R (Mm00432893_m1), D5R (Mm00658653_s1), and reference genes 18s rRNA (Hs Hs99999901_s1), β-actin (4352933E), β-2-microglobulin (B2M) (Mm00437762_m1), and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) (4352932E).

Techniques: Expressing

Journal:

Article Title: Dopamine receptor mRNA and protein expression in the mouse corpus striatum and cerebral cortex during pre- and post-natal development

doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2007.04.043

Figure Lengend Snippet: Results of statistical analyses of dopamine receptor expression levels from E12 to P60 Statistical analyses of developmental change in dopamine receptor mRNA expression. For each brain region changes in expression levels of the five receptors (D1R, D2R, D3R, D4R and D5R) during development (developmental interval indicated in parentheses for each region) was analyzed by ANOVA. Differences in the expression levels between specific developmental intervals were analyzed by Bonferroni test. NS = not significant, for ANOVA p> 0.001 for Bonferroni p> 0.05.

Article Snippet: The following genes were analyzed, each is followed by its corresponding catalogue number D1R (Mm01353211_m1), D2R (Mm00438541_m1), D3R (Mm00432887_m1), D4R (Mm00432893_m1), D5R (Mm00658653_s1), and reference genes 18s rRNA (Hs Hs99999901_s1), β-actin (4352933E), β-2-microglobulin (B2M) (Mm00437762_m1), and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) (4352932E).

Techniques: Expressing

Journal:

Article Title: Dopamine receptor mRNA and protein expression in the mouse corpus striatum and cerebral cortex during pre- and post-natal development

doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2007.04.043

Figure Lengend Snippet: Developmental profiles of dopamine receptor mRNAs in the globus pallidus (A, B), frontal sensory-motor cortex (C, D) and cingulate cortex (E, F). D1R and D2R mRNA levels are higher than the other mRNAs; therefore, they are shown separately for each region (A, C, E). D3R, D4R and D5R mRNA are also shown for each region (B, D, F). The data from embryonic mice are shown only for the frontal cortex, because in the other regions we could not identify postmitotic differentiating fields consistently in the sections of the embryonic brain during LCM. In the globus pallidus (A, B) D2R mRNA was significantly higher than all the other mRNA at each age (Table 2) and (B) * = D3R mRNA significantly increases from P0 to P60 while * = D4R mRNA significantly decreases from P0 to P60 (Table 1). In frontal cortex (C, D) D1R mRNA was significantly higher than all the other mRNAs at every age (Table 2) and declined during development (C, * = Significantly different from P21 and P60, see Table 1). D4R mRNA decreased during development (D, * = Significantly different from P21 and P60, see Table 1). D5R mRNA was the highest at P21(D, * = see Table 1). In cingulate cortex (E, F) D1R mRNA was significantly higher than all the other mRNAs at all ages except P0 (Table 2). In the cingulate cortex, only D4R mRNA showed significant changes during development (F, * = different from P21 and P60, see Table 1). Mean±SEM values from 3–6 individual brains.

Article Snippet: The following genes were analyzed, each is followed by its corresponding catalogue number D1R (Mm01353211_m1), D2R (Mm00438541_m1), D3R (Mm00432887_m1), D4R (Mm00432893_m1), D5R (Mm00658653_s1), and reference genes 18s rRNA (Hs Hs99999901_s1), β-actin (4352933E), β-2-microglobulin (B2M) (Mm00437762_m1), and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) (4352932E).

Techniques:

Journal:

Article Title: Dopamine receptor mRNA and protein expression in the mouse corpus striatum and cerebral cortex during pre- and post-natal development

doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2007.04.043

Figure Lengend Snippet: An overview of the ratio between D1-like receptors (summation of D1R and D5R) and D2-like receptors (summation of D2R, D3R and D4R) is shown for each region during development (A; age along the abscissa; 0, 21 and 60 = P0, P21 and P60, respectively). Only the striatum at E15 approximates equipoise (ratio 0.8) between the two dopamine receptor classes. The ventral forebrain represented by the striatum (ST) and globus pallidus (GP) show D2-like dominance in receptor expression, whereas the dorsal forebrain represented by frontal (FC) and cingulate (CC) cortex show D1-like dominance. An immunoblot showing D1R protein expression (B). Membrane fractions from postnatal days 0 and 60 (P0 and P60, respectively) cortex and striatum were analyzed for D1R protein expression. The D1R band (bold arrow) appears between ~ 100 and 75 KD (smaller arrows). The highest levels of protein are seen in the adult striatum and the lowest levels in the adult cortex with intermediate levels at P0 in the cortex and striatum.

Article Snippet: The following genes were analyzed, each is followed by its corresponding catalogue number D1R (Mm01353211_m1), D2R (Mm00438541_m1), D3R (Mm00432887_m1), D4R (Mm00432893_m1), D5R (Mm00658653_s1), and reference genes 18s rRNA (Hs Hs99999901_s1), β-actin (4352933E), β-2-microglobulin (B2M) (Mm00437762_m1), and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) (4352932E).

Techniques: Expressing, Western Blot, Membrane

Journal:

Article Title: Dopamine receptor mRNA and protein expression in the mouse corpus striatum and cerebral cortex during pre- and post-natal development

doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2007.04.043

Figure Lengend Snippet: A summary of the salient differences between ventral (A) and dorsal (B) forebrain with regard to dopamine receptor mRNA expression. For the sake of simplicity, the striatum and globus pallidus are grouped together under ventral forebrain and frontal and cingulate cortices under dorsal forebrain, overlooking differences between each of the 2 regions within a group. Data on prenatal expression are taken from the striatum (E12 and E15) and frontal cortex (E15) only. In both the forebrain regions, D1R and D2R mRNA are by far the most abundant. However, both D1R and D2R mRNA expression is significantly higher in the ventral than dorsal forebrain. D2R mRNA levels are higher than D1R mRNA in the ventral forebrain whereas the opposite is the case in the dorsal forebrain. Whereas both D1R and D2R mRNA increase during development in the ventral forebrain, both show decline in the dorsal forebrain. D3R mRNA shows the most striking developmental change in the ventral forebrain with two peaks separated by a trough anchored around the time of birth. D4R mRNA shows the most striking developmental change in the dorsal forebrain with its high expression level early in development and a rapid decline in the postnatal period. D5R mRNA shows comparable developmental changes in both the regions.

Article Snippet: The following genes were analyzed, each is followed by its corresponding catalogue number D1R (Mm01353211_m1), D2R (Mm00438541_m1), D3R (Mm00432887_m1), D4R (Mm00432893_m1), D5R (Mm00658653_s1), and reference genes 18s rRNA (Hs Hs99999901_s1), β-actin (4352933E), β-2-microglobulin (B2M) (Mm00437762_m1), and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) (4352932E).

Techniques: Expressing