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3D printed setup for the surrogate with 3D Honeycomb infill and densities ranging from 17 to 27% with blocks disposed at 0°,15°, 30°, and 45° ( a ), its transverse cross-section shown ( b ), and visualized perpendicularly to the printing axis ( c )

Journal: European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery & Traumatology

Article Title: Mechanical validation of 3D-printed orthopaedic surrogate models for screw insertion training

doi: 10.1007/s00590-026-04766-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: 3D printed setup for the surrogate with 3D Honeycomb infill and densities ranging from 17 to 27% with blocks disposed at 0°,15°, 30°, and 45° ( a ), its transverse cross-section shown ( b ), and visualized perpendicularly to the printing axis ( c )

Article Snippet: The 3D printed surrogates were modeled in Autodesk Fusion 360 (Autodesk, San Francisco, CA) and printed using Polylactic Acid filament with tensile modulus of 2.3 GPa ± 0.1 and yield strength of 51 MPa ± 3 (Prusa filament, Beige, PLA) on a Prusa MK4 (Prusa Research, Prague, Czech Republic).

Techniques:

Experimentally obtained Stripping Torque (ST) measured for each of two 3D printed surrogate infill types (Gyroid, 3D Honeycomb) at varying infill densities (%)

Journal: European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery & Traumatology

Article Title: Mechanical validation of 3D-printed orthopaedic surrogate models for screw insertion training

doi: 10.1007/s00590-026-04766-2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Experimentally obtained Stripping Torque (ST) measured for each of two 3D printed surrogate infill types (Gyroid, 3D Honeycomb) at varying infill densities (%)

Article Snippet: The 3D printed surrogates were modeled in Autodesk Fusion 360 (Autodesk, San Francisco, CA) and printed using Polylactic Acid filament with tensile modulus of 2.3 GPa ± 0.1 and yield strength of 51 MPa ± 3 (Prusa filament, Beige, PLA) on a Prusa MK4 (Prusa Research, Prague, Czech Republic).

Techniques: Stripping Membranes