Journal: Bioactive Materials

Article Title: Mechanically sensitized hydrogel microspheres trigger membrane receptor switch for cartilage repair

doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2026.03.017

Figure Lengend Snippet: Mechanism of regulation of chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs by OBNC hydrogels. A) The expression of the Wnt-2b gene. B) The expression of the BMPR-1α gene. C) The expression of the Catenin-β1 gene. D) The expression of Smad 5 and p-Smad 5 as detected by Western blot analysis. E) Quantitative analysis of the Western blot results. F) The expression of Sox-9 and Coll-II were detected by Western blot analysis. G) Quantitative analysis of the Western blot results for the Sox-9 protein. H) Quantitative analysis of the Western blot results for the Coll-II protein. I) The expression of the Coll-II gene. J) The expression of the Sox-9 gene. K) Immunofluorescence staining of MSCs attached to hydrogel microspheres (the dotted line indicates the outline of the microspheres). L) Mechanism of regulation of chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs by OBNC hydrogels. (ns: non-significant, ∗ P < 0.05, ∗∗ P < 0.01, ∗∗∗ P < 0.001).

Article Snippet: Primary antibodies for Sox-9 and COL-II (1:100, GB11021, GB115434 , Servicebio, China) were added and incubated at 4 °C overnight.

Techniques: Expressing, Western Blot, Immunofluorescence, Staining

Journal: Bioactive Materials

Article Title: On-demand mild photothermal cascade platform reprogramming mitochondrial immunity for tendon rejuvenation

doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2026.01.004

Figure Lengend Snippet: Molecular assessment of tendon repair and systemic biosafety. (A) Representative immunofluorescence images of inflammatory, matrix-degrading, tenogenic, and senescence markers, alongside macrophage phenotypes in repaired tendons. (B) Correlation analysis integrating molecular and functional recovery. Bar charts (left Y-axis) display the relative fluorescence intensity of the indicated markers, overlaid with line graphs (right Y-axis) showing the fold change in biomechanical properties (Ultimate Load and Tensile Modulus). Note the inverse correlation between SASP factors (IL-6, MMP13, P16) and mechanical strength. (C) Western blot analysis of the STING pathway, senescence indicators, and heterotopic ossification markers (OCN, SOX9, BMP-2). (D, E) Systemic biosafety evaluation via H&E staining of major organs (D) and blood biochemistry analysis (E) showing no toxicity. Significance: ns, not significant; ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01, ∗∗∗p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: After blocking for 1 h, membranes were incubated overnight at 4 °C with primary antibodies against STING (13647, CST, USA; A21051, Abclonal, China), p-STING (72971, CST, USA; AF7416, Affinity, China), IRF3 (ab68481, Abcam, UK), p-IRF3 (29047, CST, USA), P65 (A22331, Abclonal, China; 8242, CST, USA), p-P65 (AP0124, Abclonal, China), P53 (10442-1-AP, Proteintech, USA), SOX9 (sc-166505, Santa Cruz, USA), BMP-2 (ab284387, abcam, USA), OCN (sc-390877, Santa Cruz, USA), and iNOS (ab178945, Abcam, USA).

Techniques: Immunofluorescence, Functional Assay, Fluorescence, Western Blot, Staining

Journal: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders

Article Title: Experimental study on the in vitro osteogenic and chondrogenic ability of fat stem cells combined with 3D-printed porous scaffolds

doi: 10.1186/s12891-025-09476-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: qPCR detection of gene expressions in the ADSCs cultured on chondrogenic 3DPPCL/DA scafolds(COL II/SOX-9) (Note: n=3, *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01;)

Article Snippet: The positive and negative primers, SOX-9, RUNX-2, ALP, Collagen type II and GAPDH were purchased from Huabio Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China.

Techniques: Cell Culture