Journal: Current Opinion in Lipidology

Article Title: Impact of mRNA and protein isoforms in lipoprotein metabolism and how to modulate them

doi: 10.1097/MOL.0000000000001026

Figure Lengend Snippet: Overview of various methodologies to switch mRNA and protein isoforms. The illustration depicts both natural and artificial mechanisms that enhance the expression of various isoforms or specific isoforms. Created in BioRender. Cale, J. (2026) https://BioRender.com/h2f7vr5 .

Article Snippet: Likewise, there are many protein isoforms documented in public databases such as The Human Protein Atlas (proteinatlas.org).

Techniques: Expressing

Journal: Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology

Article Title: VEGF-A isoforms induce the expression of APLN in endothelial cells during human prenatal lung development

doi: 10.3389/fcell.2025.1729884

Figure Lengend Snippet: Expression of CAP markers and VEGF-A isoforms during human prenatal lung development. RT-qPCR analysis of the expression of universal capillary marker CA4 and CAP2 specific markers ( SOSTDC1 , HPGD, EDNRB, CA4, APLN, and TBX2 ) (A) and of total VEGF-A ( VEGF-Atot ) as well as each VEGF-A isoform ( VEGF-A121 , VEGF-A145 , VEGF-A165 , VEGF-A189 ) (B) in native human prenatal lungs aged from the late pseudoglandular to the early canalicular stages of development (week 10–20 of GA). Results are shown as a dot plot with mean ± SEM, n = 8–10, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001. (C) Visual summary of the VEGF-A isoforms and CAP2 markers expression during human prenatal lung development. Image created by Biorender.com .

Article Snippet: The rhVEGF-A isoforms come from R&D system (VEGF-A121: cat#4644-VS-010, VEGF-A145: cat#7626-VE-010, VEGF-A165: cat#293-VE-010, VEGF-A189: cat#8147-VE-025).

Techniques: Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR, Marker

Journal: Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology

Article Title: VEGF-A isoforms induce the expression of APLN in endothelial cells during human prenatal lung development

doi: 10.3389/fcell.2025.1729884

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of VEGF-A isoforms on human prenatal lung explant morphology. Representative pictures of the human prenatal lung explant cultures, either untreated or treated with the different VEGF-A isoforms alone or in combinations (VEGF-A121, VEGF-A145, VEGF-A165, VEGF-A189, VEGF-A121-145, and VEGF-A121-145–189) for 48 h. Photos were taken at time 0 (left, (A) and at 48 h (right, (B) . At 48 h, hematoxylin-eosin staining was performed to evaluate the histology of the explants (C) . Scale bar indicated by 50 µm.

Article Snippet: The rhVEGF-A isoforms come from R&D system (VEGF-A121: cat#4644-VS-010, VEGF-A145: cat#7626-VE-010, VEGF-A165: cat#293-VE-010, VEGF-A189: cat#8147-VE-025).

Techniques: Staining

Journal: Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology

Article Title: VEGF-A isoforms induce the expression of APLN in endothelial cells during human prenatal lung development

doi: 10.3389/fcell.2025.1729884

Figure Lengend Snippet: Impact of VEGF-A isoforms on endothelial cell proliferation in human prenatal lung explants. (A–G) Representative pictures of human prenatal lung explants, aged from the late pseudoglandular to the early canalicular stage (16–21 weeks of GA), untreated (A) or treated with VEGF-A121 (B) , VEGF-A145 (C) , VEGF-A165 (D) , VEGF-A189 (E) , VEGF-A121-145 (F) or VEGF-A121-145-189 (G) for 48 h, stained for CD31 (red) and Ki67 (green) by IF. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue). (H,I) Associated quantification of the number of CD31-positive cells (H) and the percentage of Ki67-CD31double-positive cells (I) . Results are shown as a dot plot with mean ± SEM, n = 3–9. Scale bar indicated by 50 µm.

Article Snippet: The rhVEGF-A isoforms come from R&D system (VEGF-A121: cat#4644-VS-010, VEGF-A145: cat#7626-VE-010, VEGF-A165: cat#293-VE-010, VEGF-A189: cat#8147-VE-025).

Techniques: Staining

Journal: Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology

Article Title: VEGF-A isoforms induce the expression of APLN in endothelial cells during human prenatal lung development

doi: 10.3389/fcell.2025.1729884

Figure Lengend Snippet: Impact of VEGF-A isoforms on the expression of CAP2 markers in human prenatal lung explants. RT-qPCR analysis of the expression of CAP2 markers ( HPGD , EDNRB , CA4, and APLN ) in human prenatal lung explants aged from the late pseudoglandular to the early canalicular stage (16–21 weeks of GA), untreated or treated with the different VEGF-A isoforms alone or in combinations (VEGF-A121, VEGF-A145, VEGF-A165, VEGF-A189, VEGF-A121-145, and VEGF-A121-145–189) for 48 h. Results are shown as a dot plot with mean ± SEM, n = 4–15, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01.

Article Snippet: The rhVEGF-A isoforms come from R&D system (VEGF-A121: cat#4644-VS-010, VEGF-A145: cat#7626-VE-010, VEGF-A165: cat#293-VE-010, VEGF-A189: cat#8147-VE-025).

Techniques: Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR

Journal: Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology

Article Title: VEGF-A isoforms induce the expression of APLN in endothelial cells during human prenatal lung development

doi: 10.3389/fcell.2025.1729884

Figure Lengend Snippet: VEGF-A isoforms induce APLN expression in endothelial cells. (A–G) Representative pictures of human prenatal lung explants, aged from the late pseudoglandular to the early canalicular stage (16–21 weeks of GA), untreated (A) or treated with VEGF-A121 (B) , VEGF-A145 (C) , VEGF-A165 (D) , VEGF-A189 (E) , VEGF-A121-145 (F) or VEGF-A121-145-189 (G) for 48 h, stained for CD31 (green) and Claudin-5 (white) by IF, and for APLN (red) by FISH. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue). (H,I) Associated quantification of the percentage of APLN + cells (H) and the percentage of APLN + CD31 + CLDN5+ cells (I) . Results are shown as a dot plot with mean ± SEM, n = 4, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01. Scale bar indicated by 50 µm.

Article Snippet: The rhVEGF-A isoforms come from R&D system (VEGF-A121: cat#4644-VS-010, VEGF-A145: cat#7626-VE-010, VEGF-A165: cat#293-VE-010, VEGF-A189: cat#8147-VE-025).

Techniques: Expressing, Staining