Journal: Cureus

Article Title: Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Safety, Efficacy, and Outcomes: A 10-Year Experience of a Tertiary Care Center in South Lebanon

doi: 10.7759/cureus.84097

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Fluoroscopic imaging showing insertion of a 6 Fr ureteral catheter into the renal collecting system. (B) Retrograde pyelography performed by injecting an iodine-based contrast medium under fluoroscopic guidance. (C) Patient positioned in the prone position, compatible with the C-arm fluoroscopy setup. (D) Chiba needle inserted into the calyx using the “eye-of-the-needle” technique, with confirmation of calyceal access by observing urine flow through the needle. (E) Fluoroscopic imaging of tract dilatation and Amplatz sheath placement into the calyx. The guidewire is correctly positioned, extending into the ureter. (F) Endoscopic view of renal calculi within the calyx using the nephroscope, prior to fragmentation and removal. PCNL: percutaneous nephrolithotomy

Article Snippet: Throughout the last dilator, the working sheath of the nephroscope is placed, through which a 24 Fr rigid nephroscope (Karl Storz Endoskope, Tuttlingen, Germany) is used (Figure ).

Techniques: Imaging