Journal: Genes & Diseases

Article Title: Salt-inducible kinase 1 is a key gene in suppressing EVD68-induced asthma by modulating antiviral immunity

doi: 10.1016/j.gendis.2025.101845

Figure Lengend Snippet: Metformin-mediated activation of SIK1 protects against EV-D68-driven asthma exacerbation in house dust mite (HDM)-sensitized mice. (A) C57BL/6 mice (6–8 weeks) were administered metformin at doses of 100 mg/kg or 250 mg/kg once daily via intraperitoneal injection on day 1 and day 2. On day 3, lung tissues were collected, and the protein level of SIK1 was determined by western blotting analysis. (B) Experimental timeline. C57BL/6 mice (6–8 weeks) were intranasally sensitized with 250 μg kg −1 HDM extract on day 0 and challenged daily with the same dose on days 7–11. On days 12–13, animals received EV-D68 (1 × 10 6 PFU/kg) or DMEM (vehicle) intranasally. Metformin (100 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) was administered once daily on days 12–14. Airway hyper-responsiveness measurements and broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) collection were performed on day 15; lung tissue was used for quantitative PCR analyses. (C) Airway responsiveness to increasing doses of methacholine. (D) Differential cell counts of BALF by Wright-Giemsa staining. (E – H) The indicated genes were detected by quantitative PCR and normalized to GAPDH expression. Values were from three independent experiments and expressed as mean ± standard deviation. ∗ p < 0.05, ∗∗ p < 0.01, and ∗∗∗ p < 0.001.

Article Snippet: C57BL/6 mice (6–8 weeks old, Chongqing Medical University) were randomly divided into three experimental groups that received house-dust-mite (HDM) (Greer labs, USA) sensitization alone, HDM followed by EV-D68 challenge, or HDM plus EV-D68 challenge combined with metformin (MCE, USA) treatment.

Techniques: Activation Assay, Injection, Western Blot, Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Staining, Expressing, Standard Deviation