Journal: Stem Cell Research & Therapy

Article Title: Harnessing TGF-β signaling to improve testicular organoid development from dissociated testicular cells

doi: 10.1186/s13287-025-04513-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: Gross observation of TO development during TGF-β inhibition. ( A ) Schematic representation of TO culture and small molecules (SB or LY) treatment. The small molecules were added to the culture on day 5 and continued to be added on subsequent days until the end of the 16-day culture period. ( B ) Representative bright-field images of TiTOs on days 0, 8, and 16 of culture. The images illustrate cellular reorganization with different patterns during 16 days of culture, both with and without TGFβ inhibitors. Distinct compartments were observed only in the treated groups on day 8 and were more prominent on day 16 (red arrows). In contrast, cells in the control group formed compact and dense aggregates with no apparent compartmentalization. (Right panel: High magnification). TO: testicular organoid; TiTO: TGF-β inhibitor-derived testicular organoid; SB: SB431542; LY: LY2157299. Scale bars: 500 μm, high magnification: 200 μm

Article Snippet: After 5 days of culture, the medium was supplemented with the TGF-β inhibitors SB (SB431542,10 μM, Cayman) or LY (LY2157299, 5 μM, Medchem Express) for 11 days.

Techniques: Inhibition, Control, Derivative Assay