Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Decoupled calcium homeostasis and signaling associated with cytoskeletal instability in YWHAG R132C induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cortical neurons

doi: 10.64898/2026.04.01.715876

Figure Lengend Snippet: a) YWHAG R132C/+ neurons have an elevated calcium baseline when compared to isogenic controls ( YWHAG +/+ normalized z-score Mean ± S.E.M = −0.63 ± 0.124, YWHAG R132C/+ = 0.713 ± 0.0730; LME accounting for batch, p<2×10 −16 , n=3 independent biological replicates). Exposure to lovastatin (10 μM) for 1h and 30m was sufficient to lower the calcium baseline, both in YWHAG R132C/+ and control iPSC lines ( YWHAG +/+ normalized z-score Mean ± S.E.M = −1.05 ± 0.154, YWHAG R132C/+ = 0.286 ± 0.162; LME accounting for batch, p=0.00412, n=3 independent biological replicates, no significant genotype-treatment interaction). b) Frequency (Hz) of calcium spikes was not altered by genotype ( YWHAG +/+ Mean frequency ± S.E.M = 3.45 ± 0.485; YWHAG R132C/+ = 3.02 ± 0.248; LME accounting for batch, p=0.09, n=3 independent biological replicates) but lovastatin treatment reduced the frequency in both genotypes ( YWHAG +/+ Mean frequency ± S.E.M = 2.36 ± 0.210; YWHAG R132C/+ = 2.45 ± 0.264; LME accounting for batch, p=1.2×10 −4 ; n=3 independent biological replicates); and c, d) there was a reduction in the amplitude of calcium spikes in YWHAG R132C/+ ( YWHAG +/+ Mean amplitude ± S.E.M = 0.0239 ± 0.00170; YWHAG R132C/+ = 0.0201 ± 0.000343; LME accounting for batch, p=3.1×10 −8 ; n=3 independent biological replicates), which is not rescued by lovastatin ( YWHAG R132C/+ with DMSO = 0.0201 ± 0.000343; YWHAG R132C/+ with lovastatin = 0.0198 ± 0.000511; LME accounting for batch, p=0.98; n=3 independent biological replicates), and the amplitude of YWHAG +/+ calcium spikes remains higher than in YWHAG R132C/+ neurons comparison with ( YWHAG R132C/+ YWHAG +/+ with lovastatin = 0.0224 ± 0.000348, YWHAG R132C/+ with lovastatin = 0.0198 ± 0.000511; LME accounting for batch, p = 0.0018). Colors indicate batches, d) sampling of 20 random calcium traces.

Article Snippet: Neuronal cultures were treated with 10 μM lovastatin (Tocris, 1530) or 10 μM Y27632 (abcam, ab144494) for 1 hour, followed by incubation with Fluo-4 AM dye (Thermo Fisher Scientific, F14201) as described above (a total of 1 hour and 30 minutes of treatment) prior to live cell calcium imaging.

Techniques: Control, Comparison, Sampling

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Decoupled calcium homeostasis and signaling associated with cytoskeletal instability in YWHAG R132C induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cortical neurons

doi: 10.64898/2026.04.01.715876

Figure Lengend Snippet: a) Fold change of YWHAG R132C/+ versus control. N=3 independent biological replicates at d.i.v. 7 and d.i.v. 30, matching the RNAseq timepoints in ). b) Treatment with the ROCK inhibitor Y27632 results in a shift in calcium baseline (stats) c) Western blot quantification of protein expression in YWHAG R132C/+ and isogenic control neurons. Modulation of the ROCK pathway with Y27632 and lovastatin did not alter the protein levels of 14-3-3γ. d) Trypsin-EDTA (0.05%)-induced cytoskeletal destabilization leads to a drastic loss of cytoskeletal proteins and HSP70. This is partially rescued by lovastatin, which restores protein stability. e) Quantification of 14-3-3γ protein levels upon Trypsin-EDTA mediated stress and the lovastatin rescue ( YWHAG +/+ Mean FC lovastatin/DMSO ± S.E.M. = 1.16 ± 0.08, YWHAG R132C/+ = 2.45 ± 0.241; one sample t-test on log2FC lovastatin/DMSO; YWHAG +/+ p=0.161; YWHAG R132C/+ p=0.00395; n=4, independent biological replicates, intensity in arbitrary units).

Article Snippet: Neuronal cultures were treated with 10 μM lovastatin (Tocris, 1530) or 10 μM Y27632 (abcam, ab144494) for 1 hour, followed by incubation with Fluo-4 AM dye (Thermo Fisher Scientific, F14201) as described above (a total of 1 hour and 30 minutes of treatment) prior to live cell calcium imaging.

Techniques: Control, RNA sequencing, Western Blot, Expressing

Journal: Open Research Africa

Article Title: Potentiation of the antimycobacterial activity of bedaquiline, clofazimine, and doxycycline against Mycobacterium smegmatis by several natural product-based compounds is putatively via efflux inhibition

doi: 10.12688/openresafrica.16071.2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Chemical structures of the five compounds screened for antimicrobial activity, namely berberine (BER), piperine (PIP), reserpine (RES), lyoniresinol 3-Alpha-O-Beta-D-glucopyranoside (+)- (LYO-3) and lyoniresinol (LYO).

Article Snippet: Berberine chloride (BER, Cat. No. B3251), reserpine (RES, Cat. No. R0875), piperine (PIP, Cat. No. P49007 ), bedaquiline fumarate (BDQ, Cat. No. SBR00060-10MG), doxycycline hyclate (DOX, Cat. No. D9891), clofazimine (CFZ, Cat. No. C8895), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, Cat. No. D2650), Middlebrook Oleic Albumin Dextrose Catalase Growth Supplement (OADC, Cat. No. M0678), Glycerol (Cat. No. G5516), Middlebrook 7H9 Broth Base (Cat. No. M0178), and Resazurin sodium salt (Cat. No. R7017) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich Merck KGaA (Germany), while lyorisenol-3-alpha (LYO-3) and lyorisenol (LYO) were purchased from ChromaDex (USA).

Techniques: Activity Assay

Journal: Open Research Africa

Article Title: Potentiation of the antimycobacterial activity of bedaquiline, clofazimine, and doxycycline against Mycobacterium smegmatis by several natural product-based compounds is putatively via efflux inhibition

doi: 10.12688/openresafrica.16071.2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Key ligand-protein interactions for Msm MmpL5 in complex with BER (a), PIP (b), LYO-3 (c), RES (d), and LYO (e).

Article Snippet: Berberine chloride (BER, Cat. No. B3251), reserpine (RES, Cat. No. R0875), piperine (PIP, Cat. No. P49007 ), bedaquiline fumarate (BDQ, Cat. No. SBR00060-10MG), doxycycline hyclate (DOX, Cat. No. D9891), clofazimine (CFZ, Cat. No. C8895), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, Cat. No. D2650), Middlebrook Oleic Albumin Dextrose Catalase Growth Supplement (OADC, Cat. No. M0678), Glycerol (Cat. No. G5516), Middlebrook 7H9 Broth Base (Cat. No. M0178), and Resazurin sodium salt (Cat. No. R7017) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich Merck KGaA (Germany), while lyorisenol-3-alpha (LYO-3) and lyorisenol (LYO) were purchased from ChromaDex (USA).

Techniques:

Journal: Open Research Africa

Article Title: Potentiation of the antimycobacterial activity of bedaquiline, clofazimine, and doxycycline against Mycobacterium smegmatis by several natural product-based compounds is putatively via efflux inhibition

doi: 10.12688/openresafrica.16071.2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Comparison of MM-GBSA binding free energy (a) and ligand efficiency (b) for the Msm MmpL5 bound to BER, RES, PIP, LYO-3 and LYO in the first and last 10 ns of the molecular dynamics simulation.

Article Snippet: Berberine chloride (BER, Cat. No. B3251), reserpine (RES, Cat. No. R0875), piperine (PIP, Cat. No. P49007 ), bedaquiline fumarate (BDQ, Cat. No. SBR00060-10MG), doxycycline hyclate (DOX, Cat. No. D9891), clofazimine (CFZ, Cat. No. C8895), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, Cat. No. D2650), Middlebrook Oleic Albumin Dextrose Catalase Growth Supplement (OADC, Cat. No. M0678), Glycerol (Cat. No. G5516), Middlebrook 7H9 Broth Base (Cat. No. M0178), and Resazurin sodium salt (Cat. No. R7017) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich Merck KGaA (Germany), while lyorisenol-3-alpha (LYO-3) and lyorisenol (LYO) were purchased from ChromaDex (USA).

Techniques: Comparison, Binding Assay

Journal: Open Research Africa

Article Title: Potentiation of the antimycobacterial activity of bedaquiline, clofazimine, and doxycycline against Mycobacterium smegmatis by several natural product-based compounds is putatively via efflux inhibition

doi: 10.12688/openresafrica.16071.2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Key ligand-protein interactions for Msm MSMEG_5187 in complex with BER (a), PIP (b), LYO (c), RES (d) and LYO-3 (e) for at least 20% of the simulation time.

Article Snippet: Berberine chloride (BER, Cat. No. B3251), reserpine (RES, Cat. No. R0875), piperine (PIP, Cat. No. P49007 ), bedaquiline fumarate (BDQ, Cat. No. SBR00060-10MG), doxycycline hyclate (DOX, Cat. No. D9891), clofazimine (CFZ, Cat. No. C8895), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, Cat. No. D2650), Middlebrook Oleic Albumin Dextrose Catalase Growth Supplement (OADC, Cat. No. M0678), Glycerol (Cat. No. G5516), Middlebrook 7H9 Broth Base (Cat. No. M0178), and Resazurin sodium salt (Cat. No. R7017) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich Merck KGaA (Germany), while lyorisenol-3-alpha (LYO-3) and lyorisenol (LYO) were purchased from ChromaDex (USA).

Techniques:

Journal: Open Research Africa

Article Title: Potentiation of the antimycobacterial activity of bedaquiline, clofazimine, and doxycycline against Mycobacterium smegmatis by several natural product-based compounds is putatively via efflux inhibition

doi: 10.12688/openresafrica.16071.2

Figure Lengend Snippet: Comparison of MM-GBSA binding free energy (a) and ligand efficiency (b) for Msm MSMEG_5187 in complex with BER, RES, PIP, LYO-3 and LYO in the first and last 10 ns of the molecular dynamics simulation.

Article Snippet: Berberine chloride (BER, Cat. No. B3251), reserpine (RES, Cat. No. R0875), piperine (PIP, Cat. No. P49007 ), bedaquiline fumarate (BDQ, Cat. No. SBR00060-10MG), doxycycline hyclate (DOX, Cat. No. D9891), clofazimine (CFZ, Cat. No. C8895), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, Cat. No. D2650), Middlebrook Oleic Albumin Dextrose Catalase Growth Supplement (OADC, Cat. No. M0678), Glycerol (Cat. No. G5516), Middlebrook 7H9 Broth Base (Cat. No. M0178), and Resazurin sodium salt (Cat. No. R7017) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich Merck KGaA (Germany), while lyorisenol-3-alpha (LYO-3) and lyorisenol (LYO) were purchased from ChromaDex (USA).

Techniques: Comparison, Binding Assay