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high glucose  (Thermo Fisher)
99
Thermo Fisher high glucose
High Glucose, supplied by Thermo Fisher, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 99/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/glucose/D(%2B)-Glucose/pmc12811471-83-16-24
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high glucose - by Bioz Stars, 2026-10
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2 dg mptp group  (MedChemExpress)
99
MedChemExpress 2 dg mptp group
H4K12la regulates HIF‐1α expression in PD models, and inhibition of lactylation <t>by</t> <t>2‐DG</t> ameliorates related pathologies. (A) Western blotting analysis of H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels in SN4741 cells treated with 0.5 mM MPP + , NaLa, Lac, or NaCl for 24 h (N = 3). (B) Representative immunofluorescence images of SN4741 cells showing H4K12la (green) and HIF‐1α (red) expression in the nucleus under the indicated treatments. DAPI (blue) stains nuclei. Scale bar, 100 µm. Insets show 2 × magnifications of the boxed regions. (C) Quantitative analysis of the relative fluorescence intensity of H4K12la and HIF‐1α. (D,E) Western blotting analysis and quantification of H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels in the (D) striatum and (E) substantia nigra of MPTP‐induced PD mice (n = 3). (F, G) RT‐qPCR analysis of HIF‐1α mRNA levels in the (F) striatum and (G) substantia nigra of MPTP‐induced PD mice (n = 3). (H,I) Cells transfected with H4‐WT or H4‐K12R were treated with MPP + . H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels were assessed by Western blotting (N = 3). (J) Intracellular lactate levels in MPP + ‐treated SN4741 cells with or without 2‐DG treatment (N = 3). (K) Western blotting analysis of H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels in MPP + ‐treated SN4741 cells with or without 2‐DG co‐treatment (N = 3). (L) Representative immunofluorescence images of SN4741 cells showing that 2‐DG co‐treatment reduces MPP + ‐treated elevations of H4K12la (green) and HIF‐1α (red). Scale bar, 100 µm. (M) Corresponding quantification of fluorescence intensity for H4K12la and HIF‐1α. (N,O) Lactate levels in the (N) substantia nigra and (O) striatum homogenates of MPTP‐induced PD mice with or without 2‐DG treatment (n = 3). (P,Q) Western blotting analysis and quantification of H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels in the (P) striatum and (Q) substantia nigra of MPTP‐induced PD mice with or without 2‐DG treatment (n = 3). (R) Representative immunofluorescence images of midbrain sections from MPTP‐induced PD mice with or without 2‐DG treatment, showing TH (red) and H4K12la (green) expression. Scale bar, 200 µm (n = 3). Data are presented as mean ± SEM. ns, not significant, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, and *** p < 0.001. Statistical significance was determined by one‐way ANOVA or Student's t‐test as appropriate. Lac, lactate; NaLa, sodium lactate; NaCl, sodium chloride; 2‐DG, 2‐deoxy‐D‐glucose. “n” refers to the number of mice per group. “N” refers to the number of biologically independent experiments.
2 Dg Mptp Group, supplied by MedChemExpress, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 99/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/glucose/2-Deoxy-D-glucose/pmc13650024-90-3-13
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2 dg mptp group - by Bioz Stars, 2026-10
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continuous glucose monitor (cgm  (Dexcom Inc)
90
Dexcom Inc continuous glucose monitor (cgm
H4K12la regulates HIF‐1α expression in PD models, and inhibition of lactylation <t>by</t> <t>2‐DG</t> ameliorates related pathologies. (A) Western blotting analysis of H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels in SN4741 cells treated with 0.5 mM MPP + , NaLa, Lac, or NaCl for 24 h (N = 3). (B) Representative immunofluorescence images of SN4741 cells showing H4K12la (green) and HIF‐1α (red) expression in the nucleus under the indicated treatments. DAPI (blue) stains nuclei. Scale bar, 100 µm. Insets show 2 × magnifications of the boxed regions. (C) Quantitative analysis of the relative fluorescence intensity of H4K12la and HIF‐1α. (D,E) Western blotting analysis and quantification of H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels in the (D) striatum and (E) substantia nigra of MPTP‐induced PD mice (n = 3). (F, G) RT‐qPCR analysis of HIF‐1α mRNA levels in the (F) striatum and (G) substantia nigra of MPTP‐induced PD mice (n = 3). (H,I) Cells transfected with H4‐WT or H4‐K12R were treated with MPP + . H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels were assessed by Western blotting (N = 3). (J) Intracellular lactate levels in MPP + ‐treated SN4741 cells with or without 2‐DG treatment (N = 3). (K) Western blotting analysis of H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels in MPP + ‐treated SN4741 cells with or without 2‐DG co‐treatment (N = 3). (L) Representative immunofluorescence images of SN4741 cells showing that 2‐DG co‐treatment reduces MPP + ‐treated elevations of H4K12la (green) and HIF‐1α (red). Scale bar, 100 µm. (M) Corresponding quantification of fluorescence intensity for H4K12la and HIF‐1α. (N,O) Lactate levels in the (N) substantia nigra and (O) striatum homogenates of MPTP‐induced PD mice with or without 2‐DG treatment (n = 3). (P,Q) Western blotting analysis and quantification of H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels in the (P) striatum and (Q) substantia nigra of MPTP‐induced PD mice with or without 2‐DG treatment (n = 3). (R) Representative immunofluorescence images of midbrain sections from MPTP‐induced PD mice with or without 2‐DG treatment, showing TH (red) and H4K12la (green) expression. Scale bar, 200 µm (n = 3). Data are presented as mean ± SEM. ns, not significant, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, and *** p < 0.001. Statistical significance was determined by one‐way ANOVA or Student's t‐test as appropriate. Lac, lactate; NaLa, sodium lactate; NaCl, sodium chloride; 2‐DG, 2‐deoxy‐D‐glucose. “n” refers to the number of mice per group. “N” refers to the number of biologically independent experiments.
Continuous Glucose Monitor (Cgm, supplied by Dexcom Inc, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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continuous glucose monitor (cgm - by Bioz Stars, 2026-10
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continuous glucose monitor g6 professional  (Dexcom Inc)
90
Dexcom Inc continuous glucose monitor g6 professional
H4K12la regulates HIF‐1α expression in PD models, and inhibition of lactylation <t>by</t> <t>2‐DG</t> ameliorates related pathologies. (A) Western blotting analysis of H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels in SN4741 cells treated with 0.5 mM MPP + , NaLa, Lac, or NaCl for 24 h (N = 3). (B) Representative immunofluorescence images of SN4741 cells showing H4K12la (green) and HIF‐1α (red) expression in the nucleus under the indicated treatments. DAPI (blue) stains nuclei. Scale bar, 100 µm. Insets show 2 × magnifications of the boxed regions. (C) Quantitative analysis of the relative fluorescence intensity of H4K12la and HIF‐1α. (D,E) Western blotting analysis and quantification of H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels in the (D) striatum and (E) substantia nigra of MPTP‐induced PD mice (n = 3). (F, G) RT‐qPCR analysis of HIF‐1α mRNA levels in the (F) striatum and (G) substantia nigra of MPTP‐induced PD mice (n = 3). (H,I) Cells transfected with H4‐WT or H4‐K12R were treated with MPP + . H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels were assessed by Western blotting (N = 3). (J) Intracellular lactate levels in MPP + ‐treated SN4741 cells with or without 2‐DG treatment (N = 3). (K) Western blotting analysis of H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels in MPP + ‐treated SN4741 cells with or without 2‐DG co‐treatment (N = 3). (L) Representative immunofluorescence images of SN4741 cells showing that 2‐DG co‐treatment reduces MPP + ‐treated elevations of H4K12la (green) and HIF‐1α (red). Scale bar, 100 µm. (M) Corresponding quantification of fluorescence intensity for H4K12la and HIF‐1α. (N,O) Lactate levels in the (N) substantia nigra and (O) striatum homogenates of MPTP‐induced PD mice with or without 2‐DG treatment (n = 3). (P,Q) Western blotting analysis and quantification of H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels in the (P) striatum and (Q) substantia nigra of MPTP‐induced PD mice with or without 2‐DG treatment (n = 3). (R) Representative immunofluorescence images of midbrain sections from MPTP‐induced PD mice with or without 2‐DG treatment, showing TH (red) and H4K12la (green) expression. Scale bar, 200 µm (n = 3). Data are presented as mean ± SEM. ns, not significant, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, and *** p < 0.001. Statistical significance was determined by one‐way ANOVA or Student's t‐test as appropriate. Lac, lactate; NaLa, sodium lactate; NaCl, sodium chloride; 2‐DG, 2‐deoxy‐D‐glucose. “n” refers to the number of mice per group. “N” refers to the number of biologically independent experiments.
Continuous Glucose Monitor G6 Professional, supplied by Dexcom Inc, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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continuous glucose monitor g6 professional - by Bioz Stars, 2026-10
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hepatic glucose  (Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Research Institute Co Ltd)
86
Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Research Institute Co Ltd hepatic glucose
H4K12la regulates HIF‐1α expression in PD models, and inhibition of lactylation <t>by</t> <t>2‐DG</t> ameliorates related pathologies. (A) Western blotting analysis of H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels in SN4741 cells treated with 0.5 mM MPP + , NaLa, Lac, or NaCl for 24 h (N = 3). (B) Representative immunofluorescence images of SN4741 cells showing H4K12la (green) and HIF‐1α (red) expression in the nucleus under the indicated treatments. DAPI (blue) stains nuclei. Scale bar, 100 µm. Insets show 2 × magnifications of the boxed regions. (C) Quantitative analysis of the relative fluorescence intensity of H4K12la and HIF‐1α. (D,E) Western blotting analysis and quantification of H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels in the (D) striatum and (E) substantia nigra of MPTP‐induced PD mice (n = 3). (F, G) RT‐qPCR analysis of HIF‐1α mRNA levels in the (F) striatum and (G) substantia nigra of MPTP‐induced PD mice (n = 3). (H,I) Cells transfected with H4‐WT or H4‐K12R were treated with MPP + . H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels were assessed by Western blotting (N = 3). (J) Intracellular lactate levels in MPP + ‐treated SN4741 cells with or without 2‐DG treatment (N = 3). (K) Western blotting analysis of H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels in MPP + ‐treated SN4741 cells with or without 2‐DG co‐treatment (N = 3). (L) Representative immunofluorescence images of SN4741 cells showing that 2‐DG co‐treatment reduces MPP + ‐treated elevations of H4K12la (green) and HIF‐1α (red). Scale bar, 100 µm. (M) Corresponding quantification of fluorescence intensity for H4K12la and HIF‐1α. (N,O) Lactate levels in the (N) substantia nigra and (O) striatum homogenates of MPTP‐induced PD mice with or without 2‐DG treatment (n = 3). (P,Q) Western blotting analysis and quantification of H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels in the (P) striatum and (Q) substantia nigra of MPTP‐induced PD mice with or without 2‐DG treatment (n = 3). (R) Representative immunofluorescence images of midbrain sections from MPTP‐induced PD mice with or without 2‐DG treatment, showing TH (red) and H4K12la (green) expression. Scale bar, 200 µm (n = 3). Data are presented as mean ± SEM. ns, not significant, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, and *** p < 0.001. Statistical significance was determined by one‐way ANOVA or Student's t‐test as appropriate. Lac, lactate; NaLa, sodium lactate; NaCl, sodium chloride; 2‐DG, 2‐deoxy‐D‐glucose. “n” refers to the number of mice per group. “N” refers to the number of biologically independent experiments.
Hepatic Glucose, supplied by Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Research Institute Co Ltd, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 86/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/glucose/glucose+hepatic/pmc13266238-144-0-11
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hepatic glucose - by Bioz Stars, 2026-10
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d glucose solution  (Valiant Co Ltd)
92
Valiant Co Ltd d glucose solution
H4K12la regulates HIF‐1α expression in PD models, and inhibition of lactylation <t>by</t> <t>2‐DG</t> ameliorates related pathologies. (A) Western blotting analysis of H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels in SN4741 cells treated with 0.5 mM MPP + , NaLa, Lac, or NaCl for 24 h (N = 3). (B) Representative immunofluorescence images of SN4741 cells showing H4K12la (green) and HIF‐1α (red) expression in the nucleus under the indicated treatments. DAPI (blue) stains nuclei. Scale bar, 100 µm. Insets show 2 × magnifications of the boxed regions. (C) Quantitative analysis of the relative fluorescence intensity of H4K12la and HIF‐1α. (D,E) Western blotting analysis and quantification of H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels in the (D) striatum and (E) substantia nigra of MPTP‐induced PD mice (n = 3). (F, G) RT‐qPCR analysis of HIF‐1α mRNA levels in the (F) striatum and (G) substantia nigra of MPTP‐induced PD mice (n = 3). (H,I) Cells transfected with H4‐WT or H4‐K12R were treated with MPP + . H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels were assessed by Western blotting (N = 3). (J) Intracellular lactate levels in MPP + ‐treated SN4741 cells with or without 2‐DG treatment (N = 3). (K) Western blotting analysis of H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels in MPP + ‐treated SN4741 cells with or without 2‐DG co‐treatment (N = 3). (L) Representative immunofluorescence images of SN4741 cells showing that 2‐DG co‐treatment reduces MPP + ‐treated elevations of H4K12la (green) and HIF‐1α (red). Scale bar, 100 µm. (M) Corresponding quantification of fluorescence intensity for H4K12la and HIF‐1α. (N,O) Lactate levels in the (N) substantia nigra and (O) striatum homogenates of MPTP‐induced PD mice with or without 2‐DG treatment (n = 3). (P,Q) Western blotting analysis and quantification of H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels in the (P) striatum and (Q) substantia nigra of MPTP‐induced PD mice with or without 2‐DG treatment (n = 3). (R) Representative immunofluorescence images of midbrain sections from MPTP‐induced PD mice with or without 2‐DG treatment, showing TH (red) and H4K12la (green) expression. Scale bar, 200 µm (n = 3). Data are presented as mean ± SEM. ns, not significant, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, and *** p < 0.001. Statistical significance was determined by one‐way ANOVA or Student's t‐test as appropriate. Lac, lactate; NaLa, sodium lactate; NaCl, sodium chloride; 2‐DG, 2‐deoxy‐D‐glucose. “n” refers to the number of mice per group. “N” refers to the number of biologically independent experiments.
D Glucose Solution, supplied by Valiant Co Ltd, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 92/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/glucose/D-(%2B)-Dextrose/pmc12816905-85-27-29
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d glucose solution - by Bioz Stars, 2026-10
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high glucose dmem  (Beijing Solarbio Science)
93
Beijing Solarbio Science high glucose dmem
H4K12la regulates HIF‐1α expression in PD models, and inhibition of lactylation <t>by</t> <t>2‐DG</t> ameliorates related pathologies. (A) Western blotting analysis of H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels in SN4741 cells treated with 0.5 mM MPP + , NaLa, Lac, or NaCl for 24 h (N = 3). (B) Representative immunofluorescence images of SN4741 cells showing H4K12la (green) and HIF‐1α (red) expression in the nucleus under the indicated treatments. DAPI (blue) stains nuclei. Scale bar, 100 µm. Insets show 2 × magnifications of the boxed regions. (C) Quantitative analysis of the relative fluorescence intensity of H4K12la and HIF‐1α. (D,E) Western blotting analysis and quantification of H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels in the (D) striatum and (E) substantia nigra of MPTP‐induced PD mice (n = 3). (F, G) RT‐qPCR analysis of HIF‐1α mRNA levels in the (F) striatum and (G) substantia nigra of MPTP‐induced PD mice (n = 3). (H,I) Cells transfected with H4‐WT or H4‐K12R were treated with MPP + . H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels were assessed by Western blotting (N = 3). (J) Intracellular lactate levels in MPP + ‐treated SN4741 cells with or without 2‐DG treatment (N = 3). (K) Western blotting analysis of H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels in MPP + ‐treated SN4741 cells with or without 2‐DG co‐treatment (N = 3). (L) Representative immunofluorescence images of SN4741 cells showing that 2‐DG co‐treatment reduces MPP + ‐treated elevations of H4K12la (green) and HIF‐1α (red). Scale bar, 100 µm. (M) Corresponding quantification of fluorescence intensity for H4K12la and HIF‐1α. (N,O) Lactate levels in the (N) substantia nigra and (O) striatum homogenates of MPTP‐induced PD mice with or without 2‐DG treatment (n = 3). (P,Q) Western blotting analysis and quantification of H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels in the (P) striatum and (Q) substantia nigra of MPTP‐induced PD mice with or without 2‐DG treatment (n = 3). (R) Representative immunofluorescence images of midbrain sections from MPTP‐induced PD mice with or without 2‐DG treatment, showing TH (red) and H4K12la (green) expression. Scale bar, 200 µm (n = 3). Data are presented as mean ± SEM. ns, not significant, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, and *** p < 0.001. Statistical significance was determined by one‐way ANOVA or Student's t‐test as appropriate. Lac, lactate; NaLa, sodium lactate; NaCl, sodium chloride; 2‐DG, 2‐deoxy‐D‐glucose. “n” refers to the number of mice per group. “N” refers to the number of biologically independent experiments.
High Glucose Dmem, supplied by Beijing Solarbio Science, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 93/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/glucose/DMEM+High+Sugar+Medium/pmc13656027-51-7-11
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high glucose dmem - by Bioz Stars, 2026-10
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13c u 13c glucose  (MedChemExpress)
95
MedChemExpress 13c u 13c glucose
H4K12la regulates HIF‐1α expression in PD models, and inhibition of lactylation <t>by</t> <t>2‐DG</t> ameliorates related pathologies. (A) Western blotting analysis of H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels in SN4741 cells treated with 0.5 mM MPP + , NaLa, Lac, or NaCl for 24 h (N = 3). (B) Representative immunofluorescence images of SN4741 cells showing H4K12la (green) and HIF‐1α (red) expression in the nucleus under the indicated treatments. DAPI (blue) stains nuclei. Scale bar, 100 µm. Insets show 2 × magnifications of the boxed regions. (C) Quantitative analysis of the relative fluorescence intensity of H4K12la and HIF‐1α. (D,E) Western blotting analysis and quantification of H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels in the (D) striatum and (E) substantia nigra of MPTP‐induced PD mice (n = 3). (F, G) RT‐qPCR analysis of HIF‐1α mRNA levels in the (F) striatum and (G) substantia nigra of MPTP‐induced PD mice (n = 3). (H,I) Cells transfected with H4‐WT or H4‐K12R were treated with MPP + . H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels were assessed by Western blotting (N = 3). (J) Intracellular lactate levels in MPP + ‐treated SN4741 cells with or without 2‐DG treatment (N = 3). (K) Western blotting analysis of H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels in MPP + ‐treated SN4741 cells with or without 2‐DG co‐treatment (N = 3). (L) Representative immunofluorescence images of SN4741 cells showing that 2‐DG co‐treatment reduces MPP + ‐treated elevations of H4K12la (green) and HIF‐1α (red). Scale bar, 100 µm. (M) Corresponding quantification of fluorescence intensity for H4K12la and HIF‐1α. (N,O) Lactate levels in the (N) substantia nigra and (O) striatum homogenates of MPTP‐induced PD mice with or without 2‐DG treatment (n = 3). (P,Q) Western blotting analysis and quantification of H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels in the (P) striatum and (Q) substantia nigra of MPTP‐induced PD mice with or without 2‐DG treatment (n = 3). (R) Representative immunofluorescence images of midbrain sections from MPTP‐induced PD mice with or without 2‐DG treatment, showing TH (red) and H4K12la (green) expression. Scale bar, 200 µm (n = 3). Data are presented as mean ± SEM. ns, not significant, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, and *** p < 0.001. Statistical significance was determined by one‐way ANOVA or Student's t‐test as appropriate. Lac, lactate; NaLa, sodium lactate; NaCl, sodium chloride; 2‐DG, 2‐deoxy‐D‐glucose. “n” refers to the number of mice per group. “N” refers to the number of biologically independent experiments.
13c U 13c Glucose, supplied by MedChemExpress, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 95/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
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13c u 13c glucose - by Bioz Stars, 2026-10
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high glucose dulbecco  (Cytiva Europe)
94
Cytiva Europe high glucose dulbecco
H4K12la regulates HIF‐1α expression in PD models, and inhibition of lactylation <t>by</t> <t>2‐DG</t> ameliorates related pathologies. (A) Western blotting analysis of H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels in SN4741 cells treated with 0.5 mM MPP + , NaLa, Lac, or NaCl for 24 h (N = 3). (B) Representative immunofluorescence images of SN4741 cells showing H4K12la (green) and HIF‐1α (red) expression in the nucleus under the indicated treatments. DAPI (blue) stains nuclei. Scale bar, 100 µm. Insets show 2 × magnifications of the boxed regions. (C) Quantitative analysis of the relative fluorescence intensity of H4K12la and HIF‐1α. (D,E) Western blotting analysis and quantification of H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels in the (D) striatum and (E) substantia nigra of MPTP‐induced PD mice (n = 3). (F, G) RT‐qPCR analysis of HIF‐1α mRNA levels in the (F) striatum and (G) substantia nigra of MPTP‐induced PD mice (n = 3). (H,I) Cells transfected with H4‐WT or H4‐K12R were treated with MPP + . H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels were assessed by Western blotting (N = 3). (J) Intracellular lactate levels in MPP + ‐treated SN4741 cells with or without 2‐DG treatment (N = 3). (K) Western blotting analysis of H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels in MPP + ‐treated SN4741 cells with or without 2‐DG co‐treatment (N = 3). (L) Representative immunofluorescence images of SN4741 cells showing that 2‐DG co‐treatment reduces MPP + ‐treated elevations of H4K12la (green) and HIF‐1α (red). Scale bar, 100 µm. (M) Corresponding quantification of fluorescence intensity for H4K12la and HIF‐1α. (N,O) Lactate levels in the (N) substantia nigra and (O) striatum homogenates of MPTP‐induced PD mice with or without 2‐DG treatment (n = 3). (P,Q) Western blotting analysis and quantification of H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels in the (P) striatum and (Q) substantia nigra of MPTP‐induced PD mice with or without 2‐DG treatment (n = 3). (R) Representative immunofluorescence images of midbrain sections from MPTP‐induced PD mice with or without 2‐DG treatment, showing TH (red) and H4K12la (green) expression. Scale bar, 200 µm (n = 3). Data are presented as mean ± SEM. ns, not significant, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, and *** p < 0.001. Statistical significance was determined by one‐way ANOVA or Student's t‐test as appropriate. Lac, lactate; NaLa, sodium lactate; NaCl, sodium chloride; 2‐DG, 2‐deoxy‐D‐glucose. “n” refers to the number of mice per group. “N” refers to the number of biologically independent experiments.
High Glucose Dulbecco, supplied by Cytiva Europe, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 94/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/glucose/HyClone+DMEM%2Fhigh+glucose/10__1016_slash_j__apmt__2026__103439-54-0-15
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high glucose dulbecco - by Bioz Stars, 2026-10
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dmem high glucose medium  (Beijing Solarbio Science)
99
Beijing Solarbio Science dmem high glucose medium
H4K12la regulates HIF‐1α expression in PD models, and inhibition of lactylation <t>by</t> <t>2‐DG</t> ameliorates related pathologies. (A) Western blotting analysis of H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels in SN4741 cells treated with 0.5 mM MPP + , NaLa, Lac, or NaCl for 24 h (N = 3). (B) Representative immunofluorescence images of SN4741 cells showing H4K12la (green) and HIF‐1α (red) expression in the nucleus under the indicated treatments. DAPI (blue) stains nuclei. Scale bar, 100 µm. Insets show 2 × magnifications of the boxed regions. (C) Quantitative analysis of the relative fluorescence intensity of H4K12la and HIF‐1α. (D,E) Western blotting analysis and quantification of H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels in the (D) striatum and (E) substantia nigra of MPTP‐induced PD mice (n = 3). (F, G) RT‐qPCR analysis of HIF‐1α mRNA levels in the (F) striatum and (G) substantia nigra of MPTP‐induced PD mice (n = 3). (H,I) Cells transfected with H4‐WT or H4‐K12R were treated with MPP + . H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels were assessed by Western blotting (N = 3). (J) Intracellular lactate levels in MPP + ‐treated SN4741 cells with or without 2‐DG treatment (N = 3). (K) Western blotting analysis of H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels in MPP + ‐treated SN4741 cells with or without 2‐DG co‐treatment (N = 3). (L) Representative immunofluorescence images of SN4741 cells showing that 2‐DG co‐treatment reduces MPP + ‐treated elevations of H4K12la (green) and HIF‐1α (red). Scale bar, 100 µm. (M) Corresponding quantification of fluorescence intensity for H4K12la and HIF‐1α. (N,O) Lactate levels in the (N) substantia nigra and (O) striatum homogenates of MPTP‐induced PD mice with or without 2‐DG treatment (n = 3). (P,Q) Western blotting analysis and quantification of H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels in the (P) striatum and (Q) substantia nigra of MPTP‐induced PD mice with or without 2‐DG treatment (n = 3). (R) Representative immunofluorescence images of midbrain sections from MPTP‐induced PD mice with or without 2‐DG treatment, showing TH (red) and H4K12la (green) expression. Scale bar, 200 µm (n = 3). Data are presented as mean ± SEM. ns, not significant, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, and *** p < 0.001. Statistical significance was determined by one‐way ANOVA or Student's t‐test as appropriate. Lac, lactate; NaLa, sodium lactate; NaCl, sodium chloride; 2‐DG, 2‐deoxy‐D‐glucose. “n” refers to the number of mice per group. “N” refers to the number of biologically independent experiments.
Dmem High Glucose Medium, supplied by Beijing Solarbio Science, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 99/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
https://www.bioz.com/product/glucose/Medium/pmc13640990-101-0-8
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H4K12la regulates HIF‐1α expression in PD models, and inhibition of lactylation by 2‐DG ameliorates related pathologies. (A) Western blotting analysis of H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels in SN4741 cells treated with 0.5 mM MPP + , NaLa, Lac, or NaCl for 24 h (N = 3). (B) Representative immunofluorescence images of SN4741 cells showing H4K12la (green) and HIF‐1α (red) expression in the nucleus under the indicated treatments. DAPI (blue) stains nuclei. Scale bar, 100 µm. Insets show 2 × magnifications of the boxed regions. (C) Quantitative analysis of the relative fluorescence intensity of H4K12la and HIF‐1α. (D,E) Western blotting analysis and quantification of H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels in the (D) striatum and (E) substantia nigra of MPTP‐induced PD mice (n = 3). (F, G) RT‐qPCR analysis of HIF‐1α mRNA levels in the (F) striatum and (G) substantia nigra of MPTP‐induced PD mice (n = 3). (H,I) Cells transfected with H4‐WT or H4‐K12R were treated with MPP + . H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels were assessed by Western blotting (N = 3). (J) Intracellular lactate levels in MPP + ‐treated SN4741 cells with or without 2‐DG treatment (N = 3). (K) Western blotting analysis of H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels in MPP + ‐treated SN4741 cells with or without 2‐DG co‐treatment (N = 3). (L) Representative immunofluorescence images of SN4741 cells showing that 2‐DG co‐treatment reduces MPP + ‐treated elevations of H4K12la (green) and HIF‐1α (red). Scale bar, 100 µm. (M) Corresponding quantification of fluorescence intensity for H4K12la and HIF‐1α. (N,O) Lactate levels in the (N) substantia nigra and (O) striatum homogenates of MPTP‐induced PD mice with or without 2‐DG treatment (n = 3). (P,Q) Western blotting analysis and quantification of H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels in the (P) striatum and (Q) substantia nigra of MPTP‐induced PD mice with or without 2‐DG treatment (n = 3). (R) Representative immunofluorescence images of midbrain sections from MPTP‐induced PD mice with or without 2‐DG treatment, showing TH (red) and H4K12la (green) expression. Scale bar, 200 µm (n = 3). Data are presented as mean ± SEM. ns, not significant, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, and *** p < 0.001. Statistical significance was determined by one‐way ANOVA or Student's t‐test as appropriate. Lac, lactate; NaLa, sodium lactate; NaCl, sodium chloride; 2‐DG, 2‐deoxy‐D‐glucose. “n” refers to the number of mice per group. “N” refers to the number of biologically independent experiments.

Journal: Advanced Science

Article Title: H4K12 Lactylation Impairs Dopaminergic Neuron Energy Metabolism via the HIF‐1α/NDUFS1 Pathway in Parkinson's Disease

doi: 10.1002/advs.78220

Figure Lengend Snippet: H4K12la regulates HIF‐1α expression in PD models, and inhibition of lactylation by 2‐DG ameliorates related pathologies. (A) Western blotting analysis of H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels in SN4741 cells treated with 0.5 mM MPP + , NaLa, Lac, or NaCl for 24 h (N = 3). (B) Representative immunofluorescence images of SN4741 cells showing H4K12la (green) and HIF‐1α (red) expression in the nucleus under the indicated treatments. DAPI (blue) stains nuclei. Scale bar, 100 µm. Insets show 2 × magnifications of the boxed regions. (C) Quantitative analysis of the relative fluorescence intensity of H4K12la and HIF‐1α. (D,E) Western blotting analysis and quantification of H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels in the (D) striatum and (E) substantia nigra of MPTP‐induced PD mice (n = 3). (F, G) RT‐qPCR analysis of HIF‐1α mRNA levels in the (F) striatum and (G) substantia nigra of MPTP‐induced PD mice (n = 3). (H,I) Cells transfected with H4‐WT or H4‐K12R were treated with MPP + . H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels were assessed by Western blotting (N = 3). (J) Intracellular lactate levels in MPP + ‐treated SN4741 cells with or without 2‐DG treatment (N = 3). (K) Western blotting analysis of H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels in MPP + ‐treated SN4741 cells with or without 2‐DG co‐treatment (N = 3). (L) Representative immunofluorescence images of SN4741 cells showing that 2‐DG co‐treatment reduces MPP + ‐treated elevations of H4K12la (green) and HIF‐1α (red). Scale bar, 100 µm. (M) Corresponding quantification of fluorescence intensity for H4K12la and HIF‐1α. (N,O) Lactate levels in the (N) substantia nigra and (O) striatum homogenates of MPTP‐induced PD mice with or without 2‐DG treatment (n = 3). (P,Q) Western blotting analysis and quantification of H4K12la and HIF‐1α protein levels in the (P) striatum and (Q) substantia nigra of MPTP‐induced PD mice with or without 2‐DG treatment (n = 3). (R) Representative immunofluorescence images of midbrain sections from MPTP‐induced PD mice with or without 2‐DG treatment, showing TH (red) and H4K12la (green) expression. Scale bar, 200 µm (n = 3). Data are presented as mean ± SEM. ns, not significant, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, and *** p < 0.001. Statistical significance was determined by one‐way ANOVA or Student's t‐test as appropriate. Lac, lactate; NaLa, sodium lactate; NaCl, sodium chloride; 2‐DG, 2‐deoxy‐D‐glucose. “n” refers to the number of mice per group. “N” refers to the number of biologically independent experiments.

Article Snippet: Mice in the 2‐DG + MPTP group were pretreated with 2‐DG (400 mg/kg, MCE, #HY‐13966) via intraperitoneal injection once daily for 3 days prior to MPTP administration.

Techniques: Expressing, Inhibition, Western Blot, Analysis, Immunofluorescence, Fluorescence, Quantitative RT-PCR, Transfection

2‐DG ameliorates energy metabolism deficits, provides neuroprotection, and improves motor function in PD models by regulating H4K12la. (A,B) Measurement of (A) the ATP levels and (B) NAD + /NADH ratio in SN4741 cells treated with MPP + , with or without 2‐DG (N = 3). (C) Experimental schedule. (D–G) Measurement of the ATP levels and NAD + /NADH ratio in the (D,E) striatum and (F,G) substantia nigra of MPTP‐induced mice treated with or without 2‐DG (n = 3). (H) Representative immunohistochemical images and quantitative analysis of TH expression in the midbrain of mice treated with MPTP, with or without 2‐DG (n = 3). Scale bar, 200 µm. (I,J) Western blotting analysis and quantification of ATPB protein levels in the (I) striatum and (J) substantia nigra of mice treated with MPTP, with or without 2‐DG (n = 3). (K) RT‐qPCR analysis of TH mRNA levels in the substantia nigra of mice treated with MPTP, with or without 2‐DG (n = 3). (L–N) Behavioral assessments of MPTP‐induced mice with or without 2‐DG treatment: (L) time in the pole climbing test. (M) open‐field test showing representative images of mouse movement trajectories and total distance traveled. (N) Scores in the grasping test. n = 7 per group. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, and *** p < 0.001. Statistical significance was determined by one‐way ANOVA or Student's t‐test as appropriate. ATPB, ATP synthase subunit beta. “n” refers to the number of mice per group. “N” refers to the number of biologically independent experiments.

Journal: Advanced Science

Article Title: H4K12 Lactylation Impairs Dopaminergic Neuron Energy Metabolism via the HIF‐1α/NDUFS1 Pathway in Parkinson's Disease

doi: 10.1002/advs.78220

Figure Lengend Snippet: 2‐DG ameliorates energy metabolism deficits, provides neuroprotection, and improves motor function in PD models by regulating H4K12la. (A,B) Measurement of (A) the ATP levels and (B) NAD + /NADH ratio in SN4741 cells treated with MPP + , with or without 2‐DG (N = 3). (C) Experimental schedule. (D–G) Measurement of the ATP levels and NAD + /NADH ratio in the (D,E) striatum and (F,G) substantia nigra of MPTP‐induced mice treated with or without 2‐DG (n = 3). (H) Representative immunohistochemical images and quantitative analysis of TH expression in the midbrain of mice treated with MPTP, with or without 2‐DG (n = 3). Scale bar, 200 µm. (I,J) Western blotting analysis and quantification of ATPB protein levels in the (I) striatum and (J) substantia nigra of mice treated with MPTP, with or without 2‐DG (n = 3). (K) RT‐qPCR analysis of TH mRNA levels in the substantia nigra of mice treated with MPTP, with or without 2‐DG (n = 3). (L–N) Behavioral assessments of MPTP‐induced mice with or without 2‐DG treatment: (L) time in the pole climbing test. (M) open‐field test showing representative images of mouse movement trajectories and total distance traveled. (N) Scores in the grasping test. n = 7 per group. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, and *** p < 0.001. Statistical significance was determined by one‐way ANOVA or Student's t‐test as appropriate. ATPB, ATP synthase subunit beta. “n” refers to the number of mice per group. “N” refers to the number of biologically independent experiments.

Article Snippet: Mice in the 2‐DG + MPTP group were pretreated with 2‐DG (400 mg/kg, MCE, #HY‐13966) via intraperitoneal injection once daily for 3 days prior to MPTP administration.

Techniques: Immunohistochemical staining, Analysis, Expressing, Western Blot, Quantitative RT-PCR