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fty720 (s)-p  (Cayman Chemical)


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    Cayman Chemical fty720 (s)-p
    Effects of cytotoxicity observed with <t>FTY720</t> (S)-P exposure on HepG2 cells after 24–48 and 72 h treatment. The cells were treated with 0.3125–10 μM concentrations.
    Fty720 (S) P, supplied by Cayman Chemical, used in various techniques. Bioz Stars score: 90/100, based on 1 PubMed citations. ZERO BIAS - scores, article reviews, protocol conditions and more
    https://www.bioz.com/product/fty720-p/fty720/pmc12050031-46-0-5
    Average 90 stars, based on 1 article reviews
    fty720 (s)-p - by Bioz Stars, 2026-10
    90/100 stars

    Images

    1) Product Images from "In vitro investigation of the toxicological mechanisms of Fingolimod (S)-phosphate in HEPG2 cells"

    Article Title: In vitro investigation of the toxicological mechanisms of Fingolimod (S)-phosphate in HEPG2 cells

    Journal: Toxicology Research

    doi: 10.1093/toxres/tfaf064

    Effects of cytotoxicity observed with FTY720 (S)-P exposure on HepG2 cells after 24–48 and 72 h treatment. The cells were treated with 0.3125–10 μM concentrations.
    Figure Legend Snippet: Effects of cytotoxicity observed with FTY720 (S)-P exposure on HepG2 cells after 24–48 and 72 h treatment. The cells were treated with 0.3125–10 μM concentrations.

    Techniques Used:

    Effects of FTY720-S(P) (0.3125–10 μM) on cell viability by A) MTT, B) LDH and C) NRU assays in HepG2 cells after 72 h treatments. The cells were treated with 0.3125–10 μM concentrations. Data are expressed as mean ± SD, * P < 0.05 and * * P < 0.01 versus the control group.
    Figure Legend Snippet: Effects of FTY720-S(P) (0.3125–10 μM) on cell viability by A) MTT, B) LDH and C) NRU assays in HepG2 cells after 72 h treatments. The cells were treated with 0.3125–10 μM concentrations. Data are expressed as mean ± SD, * P < 0.05 and * * P < 0.01 versus the control group.

    Techniques Used: Control

    Changes in the ATP content observed with FTY720 (S)-P exposure on HepG2 cells after 72 h treatment. The cells were treated with 0.625–10 μM concentrations. Data are expressed as mean ± SD, * P < 0.05 versus the control group.
    Figure Legend Snippet: Changes in the ATP content observed with FTY720 (S)-P exposure on HepG2 cells after 72 h treatment. The cells were treated with 0.625–10 μM concentrations. Data are expressed as mean ± SD, * P < 0.05 versus the control group.

    Techniques Used: Control

    Changes in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) observed with FTY720 (S)-P exposure on HepG2 cells after 72 h treatment. A) Quadrants of JC-1 aggregates (PE channel) and monomers (FITC channel), B) MMP levels. The cells were treated with 0.625–10 μM concentrations. Data are expressed as mean ± SD, * P < 0.05 and * * P < 0.01 versus the control group.
    Figure Legend Snippet: Changes in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) observed with FTY720 (S)-P exposure on HepG2 cells after 72 h treatment. A) Quadrants of JC-1 aggregates (PE channel) and monomers (FITC channel), B) MMP levels. The cells were treated with 0.625–10 μM concentrations. Data are expressed as mean ± SD, * P < 0.05 and * * P < 0.01 versus the control group.

    Techniques Used: Membrane, Control

    Oxidative stress production observed with FTY720 (S)-P exposure on HepG2 cells after 72 h treatment. A) Cellular ROS production, B) mitochondrial ROS production. The cells were treated with 0,625–10 μM concentrations. Data are expressed as mean ± SD, * P < 0.05, * * P < 0.01 versus the control group.
    Figure Legend Snippet: Oxidative stress production observed with FTY720 (S)-P exposure on HepG2 cells after 72 h treatment. A) Cellular ROS production, B) mitochondrial ROS production. The cells were treated with 0,625–10 μM concentrations. Data are expressed as mean ± SD, * P < 0.05, * * P < 0.01 versus the control group.

    Techniques Used: Control

    Changes in antioxidant enzyme levels observed with FTY720 (S)-P exposure on HepG2 cells after 72 h treatment. A) Total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), B) glutathione (GSH), (C) catalase (CAT). The cells were treated with 0.625–10 μM concentrations. Data are expressed as mean ± SD, * P < 0.05, * * P < 0.01 versus the control group.
    Figure Legend Snippet: Changes in antioxidant enzyme levels observed with FTY720 (S)-P exposure on HepG2 cells after 72 h treatment. A) Total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), B) glutathione (GSH), (C) catalase (CAT). The cells were treated with 0.625–10 μM concentrations. Data are expressed as mean ± SD, * P < 0.05, * * P < 0.01 versus the control group.

    Techniques Used: Control

    Molecular docking of FTY720 (S)-P depicted as 2D and 3D simulations within the binding sites of human SIRT3 (A) and SIRT5 (B), utilizing the X-ray crystallographic structures with PDB codes 4JSR and 5XHS, respectively.
    Figure Legend Snippet: Molecular docking of FTY720 (S)-P depicted as 2D and 3D simulations within the binding sites of human SIRT3 (A) and SIRT5 (B), utilizing the X-ray crystallographic structures with PDB codes 4JSR and 5XHS, respectively.

    Techniques Used: Binding Assay

    The Interaction profiles and docking scores of FTY720 (S)-P within the binding pocket of the SIRT3 (PDB ID: 4JSR) and SIRT5 (PDB ID: 5XHS) proteins.
    Figure Legend Snippet: The Interaction profiles and docking scores of FTY720 (S)-P within the binding pocket of the SIRT3 (PDB ID: 4JSR) and SIRT5 (PDB ID: 5XHS) proteins.

    Techniques Used: Binding Assay

    Related Articles

    Functional Assay:

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, USA) was dissolved directly in the OptiMEM/BSA vehicle.

    Article Title: FTY720 Reduces Lipid Accumulation by Upregulating ABCA1 through Liver X Receptor and Sphingosine Kinase 2 Signaling in Macrophages
    Article Snippet: FTY720, FTY720-P, W146, SEW2871, VPC23019, FTY720, PF-543, and SLM6031434 were purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA).

    Article Title: Pseudoirreversible inhibition elicits persistent efficacy of a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 antagonist.
    Article Snippet: In functional reversibility assays, serial dilutions of the test compound and serial dilutions of FTY720-P (Cayman) were co-incubated with membranes followed by the same operations as noted above.

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1 phosphate receptor agonists for neuroprotection
    Article Snippet: Ozanimod, Compound 1, and Compound 3 were synthesized and dissolved in 100% DMSO to 10 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. FTY720-P was purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, Mich.) and dissolved in anhydrous DMSO to 0.5 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. For the experiments using rat primary astrocytes, eight-point concentration-response curves were generated for AKT and ERK phosphorylation in primary rat astrocytes cultures in response to a 10-minute treatment with ozanimod (100 nM-46 pM), Compound 3 (10 nM-5 pM), Compound 1 (10 nM-5 pM), or FTY720-P (10 nM-5 pM).

    Article Title: FTY720 Protects Against Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury by Preventing the Redistribution of Tight Junction Proteins and Decreases Inflammation in the Subacute Phase in an Experimental Stroke Model
    Article Snippet: The cells were then randomly divided into the following groups ( n = 5 per group): (1) control group, no OGD; (2) vehicle group, OGD without treatment; (3) FTY720 group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720 added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (4) FTY720-P group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (5) FTY720-P and pertussis toxin (PTX) group, OGD with FTY720-P (100 nM) and PTX (100 ng/mL, Fujifilm) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion.

    Article Title: Sphingosine-1-phosphate suppresses GLUT activity through PP2A and counteracts hyperglycemia in diabetic red blood cells
    Article Snippet: Washed RBCs (100 × 10 6 cells/ml) were incubated with 1 μM sphingosine (D-erythro, Enzo Life Sciences GmbH, Lörrach, Germany) 1 μM FTY720 (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) or 1 μM FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) at 37 °C for 30 min in Tyrode buffer (NaCl 113 mM, KCl 4.7 mM, KH 2 PO 4 0.6 mM, Na 2 HPO 4 0.6 mM, MgSO 4 1.2 mM, NaHCO 3 12 mM, KHCO 3 10 mM, HEPES 10 mM, Taurine 30 mM, pH 7.0 at 37 °C) under continuously gentle shaking (Thermoshaker, Haep Labor Consult, Bovenden, Germany).

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (100006408), W146 (10009109), JTE013 (10009458), TY52156 (19119), CYM5520 (17638), ANA-12 (14309), and Afatinib (11492) were purchased from Cayman Chemical (MI, United States).

    Binding Assay:

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, USA) was dissolved directly in the OptiMEM/BSA vehicle.

    Article Title: FTY720 Reduces Lipid Accumulation by Upregulating ABCA1 through Liver X Receptor and Sphingosine Kinase 2 Signaling in Macrophages
    Article Snippet: FTY720, FTY720-P, W146, SEW2871, VPC23019, FTY720, PF-543, and SLM6031434 were purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA).

    Article Title: Pseudoirreversible inhibition elicits persistent efficacy of a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 antagonist.
    Article Snippet: In functional reversibility assays, serial dilutions of the test compound and serial dilutions of FTY720-P (Cayman) were co-incubated with membranes followed by the same operations as noted above.

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1 phosphate receptor agonists for neuroprotection
    Article Snippet: Ozanimod, Compound 1, and Compound 3 were synthesized and dissolved in 100% DMSO to 10 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. FTY720-P was purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, Mich.) and dissolved in anhydrous DMSO to 0.5 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. For the experiments using rat primary astrocytes, eight-point concentration-response curves were generated for AKT and ERK phosphorylation in primary rat astrocytes cultures in response to a 10-minute treatment with ozanimod (100 nM-46 pM), Compound 3 (10 nM-5 pM), Compound 1 (10 nM-5 pM), or FTY720-P (10 nM-5 pM).

    Article Title: FTY720 Protects Against Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury by Preventing the Redistribution of Tight Junction Proteins and Decreases Inflammation in the Subacute Phase in an Experimental Stroke Model
    Article Snippet: The cells were then randomly divided into the following groups ( n = 5 per group): (1) control group, no OGD; (2) vehicle group, OGD without treatment; (3) FTY720 group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720 added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (4) FTY720-P group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (5) FTY720-P and pertussis toxin (PTX) group, OGD with FTY720-P (100 nM) and PTX (100 ng/mL, Fujifilm) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion.

    Article Title: Sphingosine-1-phosphate suppresses GLUT activity through PP2A and counteracts hyperglycemia in diabetic red blood cells
    Article Snippet: Washed RBCs (100 × 10 6 cells/ml) were incubated with 1 μM sphingosine (D-erythro, Enzo Life Sciences GmbH, Lörrach, Germany) 1 μM FTY720 (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) or 1 μM FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) at 37 °C for 30 min in Tyrode buffer (NaCl 113 mM, KCl 4.7 mM, KH 2 PO 4 0.6 mM, Na 2 HPO 4 0.6 mM, MgSO 4 1.2 mM, NaHCO 3 12 mM, KHCO 3 10 mM, HEPES 10 mM, Taurine 30 mM, pH 7.0 at 37 °C) under continuously gentle shaking (Thermoshaker, Haep Labor Consult, Bovenden, Germany).

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (100006408), W146 (10009109), JTE013 (10009458), TY52156 (19119), CYM5520 (17638), ANA-12 (14309), and Afatinib (11492) were purchased from Cayman Chemical (MI, United States).

    Activity Assay:

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, USA) was dissolved directly in the OptiMEM/BSA vehicle.

    Article Title: FTY720 Reduces Lipid Accumulation by Upregulating ABCA1 through Liver X Receptor and Sphingosine Kinase 2 Signaling in Macrophages
    Article Snippet: FTY720, FTY720-P, W146, SEW2871, VPC23019, FTY720, PF-543, and SLM6031434 were purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA).

    Article Title: Pseudoirreversible inhibition elicits persistent efficacy of a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 antagonist.
    Article Snippet: In functional reversibility assays, serial dilutions of the test compound and serial dilutions of FTY720-P (Cayman) were co-incubated with membranes followed by the same operations as noted above.

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1 phosphate receptor agonists for neuroprotection
    Article Snippet: Ozanimod, Compound 1, and Compound 3 were synthesized and dissolved in 100% DMSO to 10 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. FTY720-P was purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, Mich.) and dissolved in anhydrous DMSO to 0.5 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. For the experiments using rat primary astrocytes, eight-point concentration-response curves were generated for AKT and ERK phosphorylation in primary rat astrocytes cultures in response to a 10-minute treatment with ozanimod (100 nM-46 pM), Compound 3 (10 nM-5 pM), Compound 1 (10 nM-5 pM), or FTY720-P (10 nM-5 pM).

    Article Title: FTY720 Protects Against Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury by Preventing the Redistribution of Tight Junction Proteins and Decreases Inflammation in the Subacute Phase in an Experimental Stroke Model
    Article Snippet: The cells were then randomly divided into the following groups ( n = 5 per group): (1) control group, no OGD; (2) vehicle group, OGD without treatment; (3) FTY720 group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720 added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (4) FTY720-P group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (5) FTY720-P and pertussis toxin (PTX) group, OGD with FTY720-P (100 nM) and PTX (100 ng/mL, Fujifilm) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion.

    Article Title: Sphingosine-1-phosphate suppresses GLUT activity through PP2A and counteracts hyperglycemia in diabetic red blood cells
    Article Snippet: Washed RBCs (100 × 10 6 cells/ml) were incubated with 1 μM sphingosine (D-erythro, Enzo Life Sciences GmbH, Lörrach, Germany) 1 μM FTY720 (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) or 1 μM FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) at 37 °C for 30 min in Tyrode buffer (NaCl 113 mM, KCl 4.7 mM, KH 2 PO 4 0.6 mM, Na 2 HPO 4 0.6 mM, MgSO 4 1.2 mM, NaHCO 3 12 mM, KHCO 3 10 mM, HEPES 10 mM, Taurine 30 mM, pH 7.0 at 37 °C) under continuously gentle shaking (Thermoshaker, Haep Labor Consult, Bovenden, Germany).

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (100006408), W146 (10009109), JTE013 (10009458), TY52156 (19119), CYM5520 (17638), ANA-12 (14309), and Afatinib (11492) were purchased from Cayman Chemical (MI, United States).

    Concentration Assay:

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, USA) was dissolved directly in the OptiMEM/BSA vehicle.

    Article Title: FTY720 Reduces Lipid Accumulation by Upregulating ABCA1 through Liver X Receptor and Sphingosine Kinase 2 Signaling in Macrophages
    Article Snippet: FTY720, FTY720-P, W146, SEW2871, VPC23019, FTY720, PF-543, and SLM6031434 were purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA).

    Article Title: Pseudoirreversible inhibition elicits persistent efficacy of a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 antagonist.
    Article Snippet: In functional reversibility assays, serial dilutions of the test compound and serial dilutions of FTY720-P (Cayman) were co-incubated with membranes followed by the same operations as noted above.

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1 phosphate receptor agonists for neuroprotection
    Article Snippet: Ozanimod, Compound 1, and Compound 3 were synthesized and dissolved in 100% DMSO to 10 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. FTY720-P was purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, Mich.) and dissolved in anhydrous DMSO to 0.5 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. For the experiments using rat primary astrocytes, eight-point concentration-response curves were generated for AKT and ERK phosphorylation in primary rat astrocytes cultures in response to a 10-minute treatment with ozanimod (100 nM-46 pM), Compound 3 (10 nM-5 pM), Compound 1 (10 nM-5 pM), or FTY720-P (10 nM-5 pM).

    Article Title: FTY720 Protects Against Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury by Preventing the Redistribution of Tight Junction Proteins and Decreases Inflammation in the Subacute Phase in an Experimental Stroke Model
    Article Snippet: The cells were then randomly divided into the following groups ( n = 5 per group): (1) control group, no OGD; (2) vehicle group, OGD without treatment; (3) FTY720 group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720 added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (4) FTY720-P group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (5) FTY720-P and pertussis toxin (PTX) group, OGD with FTY720-P (100 nM) and PTX (100 ng/mL, Fujifilm) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion.

    Article Title: Sphingosine-1-phosphate suppresses GLUT activity through PP2A and counteracts hyperglycemia in diabetic red blood cells
    Article Snippet: Washed RBCs (100 × 10 6 cells/ml) were incubated with 1 μM sphingosine (D-erythro, Enzo Life Sciences GmbH, Lörrach, Germany) 1 μM FTY720 (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) or 1 μM FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) at 37 °C for 30 min in Tyrode buffer (NaCl 113 mM, KCl 4.7 mM, KH 2 PO 4 0.6 mM, Na 2 HPO 4 0.6 mM, MgSO 4 1.2 mM, NaHCO 3 12 mM, KHCO 3 10 mM, HEPES 10 mM, Taurine 30 mM, pH 7.0 at 37 °C) under continuously gentle shaking (Thermoshaker, Haep Labor Consult, Bovenden, Germany).

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (100006408), W146 (10009109), JTE013 (10009458), TY52156 (19119), CYM5520 (17638), ANA-12 (14309), and Afatinib (11492) were purchased from Cayman Chemical (MI, United States).

    Modification:

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, USA) was dissolved directly in the OptiMEM/BSA vehicle.

    Article Title: FTY720 Reduces Lipid Accumulation by Upregulating ABCA1 through Liver X Receptor and Sphingosine Kinase 2 Signaling in Macrophages
    Article Snippet: FTY720, FTY720-P, W146, SEW2871, VPC23019, FTY720, PF-543, and SLM6031434 were purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA).

    Article Title: Pseudoirreversible inhibition elicits persistent efficacy of a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 antagonist.
    Article Snippet: In functional reversibility assays, serial dilutions of the test compound and serial dilutions of FTY720-P (Cayman) were co-incubated with membranes followed by the same operations as noted above.

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1 phosphate receptor agonists for neuroprotection
    Article Snippet: Ozanimod, Compound 1, and Compound 3 were synthesized and dissolved in 100% DMSO to 10 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. FTY720-P was purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, Mich.) and dissolved in anhydrous DMSO to 0.5 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. For the experiments using rat primary astrocytes, eight-point concentration-response curves were generated for AKT and ERK phosphorylation in primary rat astrocytes cultures in response to a 10-minute treatment with ozanimod (100 nM-46 pM), Compound 3 (10 nM-5 pM), Compound 1 (10 nM-5 pM), or FTY720-P (10 nM-5 pM).

    Article Title: FTY720 Protects Against Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury by Preventing the Redistribution of Tight Junction Proteins and Decreases Inflammation in the Subacute Phase in an Experimental Stroke Model
    Article Snippet: The cells were then randomly divided into the following groups ( n = 5 per group): (1) control group, no OGD; (2) vehicle group, OGD without treatment; (3) FTY720 group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720 added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (4) FTY720-P group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (5) FTY720-P and pertussis toxin (PTX) group, OGD with FTY720-P (100 nM) and PTX (100 ng/mL, Fujifilm) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion.

    Article Title: Sphingosine-1-phosphate suppresses GLUT activity through PP2A and counteracts hyperglycemia in diabetic red blood cells
    Article Snippet: Washed RBCs (100 × 10 6 cells/ml) were incubated with 1 μM sphingosine (D-erythro, Enzo Life Sciences GmbH, Lörrach, Germany) 1 μM FTY720 (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) or 1 μM FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) at 37 °C for 30 min in Tyrode buffer (NaCl 113 mM, KCl 4.7 mM, KH 2 PO 4 0.6 mM, Na 2 HPO 4 0.6 mM, MgSO 4 1.2 mM, NaHCO 3 12 mM, KHCO 3 10 mM, HEPES 10 mM, Taurine 30 mM, pH 7.0 at 37 °C) under continuously gentle shaking (Thermoshaker, Haep Labor Consult, Bovenden, Germany).

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (100006408), W146 (10009109), JTE013 (10009458), TY52156 (19119), CYM5520 (17638), ANA-12 (14309), and Afatinib (11492) were purchased from Cayman Chemical (MI, United States).

    Incubation:

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, USA) was dissolved directly in the OptiMEM/BSA vehicle.

    Article Title: FTY720 Reduces Lipid Accumulation by Upregulating ABCA1 through Liver X Receptor and Sphingosine Kinase 2 Signaling in Macrophages
    Article Snippet: FTY720, FTY720-P, W146, SEW2871, VPC23019, FTY720, PF-543, and SLM6031434 were purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA).

    Article Title: Pseudoirreversible inhibition elicits persistent efficacy of a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 antagonist.
    Article Snippet: In functional reversibility assays, serial dilutions of the test compound and serial dilutions of FTY720-P (Cayman) were co-incubated with membranes followed by the same operations as noted above.

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1 phosphate receptor agonists for neuroprotection
    Article Snippet: Ozanimod, Compound 1, and Compound 3 were synthesized and dissolved in 100% DMSO to 10 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. FTY720-P was purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, Mich.) and dissolved in anhydrous DMSO to 0.5 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. For the experiments using rat primary astrocytes, eight-point concentration-response curves were generated for AKT and ERK phosphorylation in primary rat astrocytes cultures in response to a 10-minute treatment with ozanimod (100 nM-46 pM), Compound 3 (10 nM-5 pM), Compound 1 (10 nM-5 pM), or FTY720-P (10 nM-5 pM).

    Article Title: FTY720 Protects Against Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury by Preventing the Redistribution of Tight Junction Proteins and Decreases Inflammation in the Subacute Phase in an Experimental Stroke Model
    Article Snippet: The cells were then randomly divided into the following groups ( n = 5 per group): (1) control group, no OGD; (2) vehicle group, OGD without treatment; (3) FTY720 group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720 added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (4) FTY720-P group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (5) FTY720-P and pertussis toxin (PTX) group, OGD with FTY720-P (100 nM) and PTX (100 ng/mL, Fujifilm) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion.

    Article Title: Sphingosine-1-phosphate suppresses GLUT activity through PP2A and counteracts hyperglycemia in diabetic red blood cells
    Article Snippet: Washed RBCs (100 × 10 6 cells/ml) were incubated with 1 μM sphingosine (D-erythro, Enzo Life Sciences GmbH, Lörrach, Germany) 1 μM FTY720 (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) or 1 μM FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) at 37 °C for 30 min in Tyrode buffer (NaCl 113 mM, KCl 4.7 mM, KH 2 PO 4 0.6 mM, Na 2 HPO 4 0.6 mM, MgSO 4 1.2 mM, NaHCO 3 12 mM, KHCO 3 10 mM, HEPES 10 mM, Taurine 30 mM, pH 7.0 at 37 °C) under continuously gentle shaking (Thermoshaker, Haep Labor Consult, Bovenden, Germany).

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (100006408), W146 (10009109), JTE013 (10009458), TY52156 (19119), CYM5520 (17638), ANA-12 (14309), and Afatinib (11492) were purchased from Cayman Chemical (MI, United States).

    Gentle:

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, USA) was dissolved directly in the OptiMEM/BSA vehicle.

    Article Title: FTY720 Reduces Lipid Accumulation by Upregulating ABCA1 through Liver X Receptor and Sphingosine Kinase 2 Signaling in Macrophages
    Article Snippet: FTY720, FTY720-P, W146, SEW2871, VPC23019, FTY720, PF-543, and SLM6031434 were purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA).

    Article Title: Pseudoirreversible inhibition elicits persistent efficacy of a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 antagonist.
    Article Snippet: In functional reversibility assays, serial dilutions of the test compound and serial dilutions of FTY720-P (Cayman) were co-incubated with membranes followed by the same operations as noted above.

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1 phosphate receptor agonists for neuroprotection
    Article Snippet: Ozanimod, Compound 1, and Compound 3 were synthesized and dissolved in 100% DMSO to 10 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. FTY720-P was purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, Mich.) and dissolved in anhydrous DMSO to 0.5 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. For the experiments using rat primary astrocytes, eight-point concentration-response curves were generated for AKT and ERK phosphorylation in primary rat astrocytes cultures in response to a 10-minute treatment with ozanimod (100 nM-46 pM), Compound 3 (10 nM-5 pM), Compound 1 (10 nM-5 pM), or FTY720-P (10 nM-5 pM).

    Article Title: FTY720 Protects Against Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury by Preventing the Redistribution of Tight Junction Proteins and Decreases Inflammation in the Subacute Phase in an Experimental Stroke Model
    Article Snippet: The cells were then randomly divided into the following groups ( n = 5 per group): (1) control group, no OGD; (2) vehicle group, OGD without treatment; (3) FTY720 group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720 added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (4) FTY720-P group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (5) FTY720-P and pertussis toxin (PTX) group, OGD with FTY720-P (100 nM) and PTX (100 ng/mL, Fujifilm) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion.

    Article Title: Sphingosine-1-phosphate suppresses GLUT activity through PP2A and counteracts hyperglycemia in diabetic red blood cells
    Article Snippet: Washed RBCs (100 × 10 6 cells/ml) were incubated with 1 μM sphingosine (D-erythro, Enzo Life Sciences GmbH, Lörrach, Germany) 1 μM FTY720 (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) or 1 μM FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) at 37 °C for 30 min in Tyrode buffer (NaCl 113 mM, KCl 4.7 mM, KH 2 PO 4 0.6 mM, Na 2 HPO 4 0.6 mM, MgSO 4 1.2 mM, NaHCO 3 12 mM, KHCO 3 10 mM, HEPES 10 mM, Taurine 30 mM, pH 7.0 at 37 °C) under continuously gentle shaking (Thermoshaker, Haep Labor Consult, Bovenden, Germany).

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (100006408), W146 (10009109), JTE013 (10009458), TY52156 (19119), CYM5520 (17638), ANA-12 (14309), and Afatinib (11492) were purchased from Cayman Chemical (MI, United States).

    Staining:

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, USA) was dissolved directly in the OptiMEM/BSA vehicle.

    Article Title: FTY720 Reduces Lipid Accumulation by Upregulating ABCA1 through Liver X Receptor and Sphingosine Kinase 2 Signaling in Macrophages
    Article Snippet: FTY720, FTY720-P, W146, SEW2871, VPC23019, FTY720, PF-543, and SLM6031434 were purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA).

    Article Title: Pseudoirreversible inhibition elicits persistent efficacy of a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 antagonist.
    Article Snippet: In functional reversibility assays, serial dilutions of the test compound and serial dilutions of FTY720-P (Cayman) were co-incubated with membranes followed by the same operations as noted above.

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1 phosphate receptor agonists for neuroprotection
    Article Snippet: Ozanimod, Compound 1, and Compound 3 were synthesized and dissolved in 100% DMSO to 10 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. FTY720-P was purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, Mich.) and dissolved in anhydrous DMSO to 0.5 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. For the experiments using rat primary astrocytes, eight-point concentration-response curves were generated for AKT and ERK phosphorylation in primary rat astrocytes cultures in response to a 10-minute treatment with ozanimod (100 nM-46 pM), Compound 3 (10 nM-5 pM), Compound 1 (10 nM-5 pM), or FTY720-P (10 nM-5 pM).

    Article Title: FTY720 Protects Against Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury by Preventing the Redistribution of Tight Junction Proteins and Decreases Inflammation in the Subacute Phase in an Experimental Stroke Model
    Article Snippet: The cells were then randomly divided into the following groups ( n = 5 per group): (1) control group, no OGD; (2) vehicle group, OGD without treatment; (3) FTY720 group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720 added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (4) FTY720-P group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (5) FTY720-P and pertussis toxin (PTX) group, OGD with FTY720-P (100 nM) and PTX (100 ng/mL, Fujifilm) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion.

    Article Title: Sphingosine-1-phosphate suppresses GLUT activity through PP2A and counteracts hyperglycemia in diabetic red blood cells
    Article Snippet: Washed RBCs (100 × 10 6 cells/ml) were incubated with 1 μM sphingosine (D-erythro, Enzo Life Sciences GmbH, Lörrach, Germany) 1 μM FTY720 (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) or 1 μM FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) at 37 °C for 30 min in Tyrode buffer (NaCl 113 mM, KCl 4.7 mM, KH 2 PO 4 0.6 mM, Na 2 HPO 4 0.6 mM, MgSO 4 1.2 mM, NaHCO 3 12 mM, KHCO 3 10 mM, HEPES 10 mM, Taurine 30 mM, pH 7.0 at 37 °C) under continuously gentle shaking (Thermoshaker, Haep Labor Consult, Bovenden, Germany).

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (100006408), W146 (10009109), JTE013 (10009458), TY52156 (19119), CYM5520 (17638), ANA-12 (14309), and Afatinib (11492) were purchased from Cayman Chemical (MI, United States).

    Expressing:

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, USA) was dissolved directly in the OptiMEM/BSA vehicle.

    Article Title: FTY720 Reduces Lipid Accumulation by Upregulating ABCA1 through Liver X Receptor and Sphingosine Kinase 2 Signaling in Macrophages
    Article Snippet: FTY720, FTY720-P, W146, SEW2871, VPC23019, FTY720, PF-543, and SLM6031434 were purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA).

    Article Title: Pseudoirreversible inhibition elicits persistent efficacy of a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 antagonist.
    Article Snippet: In functional reversibility assays, serial dilutions of the test compound and serial dilutions of FTY720-P (Cayman) were co-incubated with membranes followed by the same operations as noted above.

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1 phosphate receptor agonists for neuroprotection
    Article Snippet: Ozanimod, Compound 1, and Compound 3 were synthesized and dissolved in 100% DMSO to 10 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. FTY720-P was purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, Mich.) and dissolved in anhydrous DMSO to 0.5 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. For the experiments using rat primary astrocytes, eight-point concentration-response curves were generated for AKT and ERK phosphorylation in primary rat astrocytes cultures in response to a 10-minute treatment with ozanimod (100 nM-46 pM), Compound 3 (10 nM-5 pM), Compound 1 (10 nM-5 pM), or FTY720-P (10 nM-5 pM).

    Article Title: FTY720 Protects Against Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury by Preventing the Redistribution of Tight Junction Proteins and Decreases Inflammation in the Subacute Phase in an Experimental Stroke Model
    Article Snippet: The cells were then randomly divided into the following groups ( n = 5 per group): (1) control group, no OGD; (2) vehicle group, OGD without treatment; (3) FTY720 group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720 added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (4) FTY720-P group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (5) FTY720-P and pertussis toxin (PTX) group, OGD with FTY720-P (100 nM) and PTX (100 ng/mL, Fujifilm) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion.

    Article Title: Sphingosine-1-phosphate suppresses GLUT activity through PP2A and counteracts hyperglycemia in diabetic red blood cells
    Article Snippet: Washed RBCs (100 × 10 6 cells/ml) were incubated with 1 μM sphingosine (D-erythro, Enzo Life Sciences GmbH, Lörrach, Germany) 1 μM FTY720 (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) or 1 μM FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) at 37 °C for 30 min in Tyrode buffer (NaCl 113 mM, KCl 4.7 mM, KH 2 PO 4 0.6 mM, Na 2 HPO 4 0.6 mM, MgSO 4 1.2 mM, NaHCO 3 12 mM, KHCO 3 10 mM, HEPES 10 mM, Taurine 30 mM, pH 7.0 at 37 °C) under continuously gentle shaking (Thermoshaker, Haep Labor Consult, Bovenden, Germany).

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (100006408), W146 (10009109), JTE013 (10009458), TY52156 (19119), CYM5520 (17638), ANA-12 (14309), and Afatinib (11492) were purchased from Cayman Chemical (MI, United States).

    Western Blot:

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, USA) was dissolved directly in the OptiMEM/BSA vehicle.

    Article Title: FTY720 Reduces Lipid Accumulation by Upregulating ABCA1 through Liver X Receptor and Sphingosine Kinase 2 Signaling in Macrophages
    Article Snippet: FTY720, FTY720-P, W146, SEW2871, VPC23019, FTY720, PF-543, and SLM6031434 were purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA).

    Article Title: Pseudoirreversible inhibition elicits persistent efficacy of a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 antagonist.
    Article Snippet: In functional reversibility assays, serial dilutions of the test compound and serial dilutions of FTY720-P (Cayman) were co-incubated with membranes followed by the same operations as noted above.

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1 phosphate receptor agonists for neuroprotection
    Article Snippet: Ozanimod, Compound 1, and Compound 3 were synthesized and dissolved in 100% DMSO to 10 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. FTY720-P was purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, Mich.) and dissolved in anhydrous DMSO to 0.5 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. For the experiments using rat primary astrocytes, eight-point concentration-response curves were generated for AKT and ERK phosphorylation in primary rat astrocytes cultures in response to a 10-minute treatment with ozanimod (100 nM-46 pM), Compound 3 (10 nM-5 pM), Compound 1 (10 nM-5 pM), or FTY720-P (10 nM-5 pM).

    Article Title: FTY720 Protects Against Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury by Preventing the Redistribution of Tight Junction Proteins and Decreases Inflammation in the Subacute Phase in an Experimental Stroke Model
    Article Snippet: The cells were then randomly divided into the following groups ( n = 5 per group): (1) control group, no OGD; (2) vehicle group, OGD without treatment; (3) FTY720 group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720 added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (4) FTY720-P group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (5) FTY720-P and pertussis toxin (PTX) group, OGD with FTY720-P (100 nM) and PTX (100 ng/mL, Fujifilm) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion.

    Article Title: Sphingosine-1-phosphate suppresses GLUT activity through PP2A and counteracts hyperglycemia in diabetic red blood cells
    Article Snippet: Washed RBCs (100 × 10 6 cells/ml) were incubated with 1 μM sphingosine (D-erythro, Enzo Life Sciences GmbH, Lörrach, Germany) 1 μM FTY720 (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) or 1 μM FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) at 37 °C for 30 min in Tyrode buffer (NaCl 113 mM, KCl 4.7 mM, KH 2 PO 4 0.6 mM, Na 2 HPO 4 0.6 mM, MgSO 4 1.2 mM, NaHCO 3 12 mM, KHCO 3 10 mM, HEPES 10 mM, Taurine 30 mM, pH 7.0 at 37 °C) under continuously gentle shaking (Thermoshaker, Haep Labor Consult, Bovenden, Germany).

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (100006408), W146 (10009109), JTE013 (10009458), TY52156 (19119), CYM5520 (17638), ANA-12 (14309), and Afatinib (11492) were purchased from Cayman Chemical (MI, United States).

    Quantitative RT-PCR:

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, USA) was dissolved directly in the OptiMEM/BSA vehicle.

    Article Title: FTY720 Reduces Lipid Accumulation by Upregulating ABCA1 through Liver X Receptor and Sphingosine Kinase 2 Signaling in Macrophages
    Article Snippet: FTY720, FTY720-P, W146, SEW2871, VPC23019, FTY720, PF-543, and SLM6031434 were purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA).

    Article Title: Pseudoirreversible inhibition elicits persistent efficacy of a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 antagonist.
    Article Snippet: In functional reversibility assays, serial dilutions of the test compound and serial dilutions of FTY720-P (Cayman) were co-incubated with membranes followed by the same operations as noted above.

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1 phosphate receptor agonists for neuroprotection
    Article Snippet: Ozanimod, Compound 1, and Compound 3 were synthesized and dissolved in 100% DMSO to 10 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. FTY720-P was purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, Mich.) and dissolved in anhydrous DMSO to 0.5 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. For the experiments using rat primary astrocytes, eight-point concentration-response curves were generated for AKT and ERK phosphorylation in primary rat astrocytes cultures in response to a 10-minute treatment with ozanimod (100 nM-46 pM), Compound 3 (10 nM-5 pM), Compound 1 (10 nM-5 pM), or FTY720-P (10 nM-5 pM).

    Article Title: FTY720 Protects Against Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury by Preventing the Redistribution of Tight Junction Proteins and Decreases Inflammation in the Subacute Phase in an Experimental Stroke Model
    Article Snippet: The cells were then randomly divided into the following groups ( n = 5 per group): (1) control group, no OGD; (2) vehicle group, OGD without treatment; (3) FTY720 group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720 added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (4) FTY720-P group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (5) FTY720-P and pertussis toxin (PTX) group, OGD with FTY720-P (100 nM) and PTX (100 ng/mL, Fujifilm) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion.

    Article Title: Sphingosine-1-phosphate suppresses GLUT activity through PP2A and counteracts hyperglycemia in diabetic red blood cells
    Article Snippet: Washed RBCs (100 × 10 6 cells/ml) were incubated with 1 μM sphingosine (D-erythro, Enzo Life Sciences GmbH, Lörrach, Germany) 1 μM FTY720 (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) or 1 μM FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) at 37 °C for 30 min in Tyrode buffer (NaCl 113 mM, KCl 4.7 mM, KH 2 PO 4 0.6 mM, Na 2 HPO 4 0.6 mM, MgSO 4 1.2 mM, NaHCO 3 12 mM, KHCO 3 10 mM, HEPES 10 mM, Taurine 30 mM, pH 7.0 at 37 °C) under continuously gentle shaking (Thermoshaker, Haep Labor Consult, Bovenden, Germany).

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (100006408), W146 (10009109), JTE013 (10009458), TY52156 (19119), CYM5520 (17638), ANA-12 (14309), and Afatinib (11492) were purchased from Cayman Chemical (MI, United States).

    Transfection:

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, USA) was dissolved directly in the OptiMEM/BSA vehicle.

    Article Title: FTY720 Reduces Lipid Accumulation by Upregulating ABCA1 through Liver X Receptor and Sphingosine Kinase 2 Signaling in Macrophages
    Article Snippet: FTY720, FTY720-P, W146, SEW2871, VPC23019, FTY720, PF-543, and SLM6031434 were purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA).

    Article Title: Pseudoirreversible inhibition elicits persistent efficacy of a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 antagonist.
    Article Snippet: In functional reversibility assays, serial dilutions of the test compound and serial dilutions of FTY720-P (Cayman) were co-incubated with membranes followed by the same operations as noted above.

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1 phosphate receptor agonists for neuroprotection
    Article Snippet: Ozanimod, Compound 1, and Compound 3 were synthesized and dissolved in 100% DMSO to 10 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. FTY720-P was purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, Mich.) and dissolved in anhydrous DMSO to 0.5 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. For the experiments using rat primary astrocytes, eight-point concentration-response curves were generated for AKT and ERK phosphorylation in primary rat astrocytes cultures in response to a 10-minute treatment with ozanimod (100 nM-46 pM), Compound 3 (10 nM-5 pM), Compound 1 (10 nM-5 pM), or FTY720-P (10 nM-5 pM).

    Article Title: FTY720 Protects Against Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury by Preventing the Redistribution of Tight Junction Proteins and Decreases Inflammation in the Subacute Phase in an Experimental Stroke Model
    Article Snippet: The cells were then randomly divided into the following groups ( n = 5 per group): (1) control group, no OGD; (2) vehicle group, OGD without treatment; (3) FTY720 group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720 added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (4) FTY720-P group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (5) FTY720-P and pertussis toxin (PTX) group, OGD with FTY720-P (100 nM) and PTX (100 ng/mL, Fujifilm) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion.

    Article Title: Sphingosine-1-phosphate suppresses GLUT activity through PP2A and counteracts hyperglycemia in diabetic red blood cells
    Article Snippet: Washed RBCs (100 × 10 6 cells/ml) were incubated with 1 μM sphingosine (D-erythro, Enzo Life Sciences GmbH, Lörrach, Germany) 1 μM FTY720 (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) or 1 μM FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) at 37 °C for 30 min in Tyrode buffer (NaCl 113 mM, KCl 4.7 mM, KH 2 PO 4 0.6 mM, Na 2 HPO 4 0.6 mM, MgSO 4 1.2 mM, NaHCO 3 12 mM, KHCO 3 10 mM, HEPES 10 mM, Taurine 30 mM, pH 7.0 at 37 °C) under continuously gentle shaking (Thermoshaker, Haep Labor Consult, Bovenden, Germany).

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (100006408), W146 (10009109), JTE013 (10009458), TY52156 (19119), CYM5520 (17638), ANA-12 (14309), and Afatinib (11492) were purchased from Cayman Chemical (MI, United States).

    Negative Control:

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, USA) was dissolved directly in the OptiMEM/BSA vehicle.

    Article Title: FTY720 Reduces Lipid Accumulation by Upregulating ABCA1 through Liver X Receptor and Sphingosine Kinase 2 Signaling in Macrophages
    Article Snippet: FTY720, FTY720-P, W146, SEW2871, VPC23019, FTY720, PF-543, and SLM6031434 were purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA).

    Article Title: Pseudoirreversible inhibition elicits persistent efficacy of a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 antagonist.
    Article Snippet: In functional reversibility assays, serial dilutions of the test compound and serial dilutions of FTY720-P (Cayman) were co-incubated with membranes followed by the same operations as noted above.

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1 phosphate receptor agonists for neuroprotection
    Article Snippet: Ozanimod, Compound 1, and Compound 3 were synthesized and dissolved in 100% DMSO to 10 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. FTY720-P was purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, Mich.) and dissolved in anhydrous DMSO to 0.5 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. For the experiments using rat primary astrocytes, eight-point concentration-response curves were generated for AKT and ERK phosphorylation in primary rat astrocytes cultures in response to a 10-minute treatment with ozanimod (100 nM-46 pM), Compound 3 (10 nM-5 pM), Compound 1 (10 nM-5 pM), or FTY720-P (10 nM-5 pM).

    Article Title: FTY720 Protects Against Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury by Preventing the Redistribution of Tight Junction Proteins and Decreases Inflammation in the Subacute Phase in an Experimental Stroke Model
    Article Snippet: The cells were then randomly divided into the following groups ( n = 5 per group): (1) control group, no OGD; (2) vehicle group, OGD without treatment; (3) FTY720 group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720 added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (4) FTY720-P group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (5) FTY720-P and pertussis toxin (PTX) group, OGD with FTY720-P (100 nM) and PTX (100 ng/mL, Fujifilm) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion.

    Article Title: Sphingosine-1-phosphate suppresses GLUT activity through PP2A and counteracts hyperglycemia in diabetic red blood cells
    Article Snippet: Washed RBCs (100 × 10 6 cells/ml) were incubated with 1 μM sphingosine (D-erythro, Enzo Life Sciences GmbH, Lörrach, Germany) 1 μM FTY720 (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) or 1 μM FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) at 37 °C for 30 min in Tyrode buffer (NaCl 113 mM, KCl 4.7 mM, KH 2 PO 4 0.6 mM, Na 2 HPO 4 0.6 mM, MgSO 4 1.2 mM, NaHCO 3 12 mM, KHCO 3 10 mM, HEPES 10 mM, Taurine 30 mM, pH 7.0 at 37 °C) under continuously gentle shaking (Thermoshaker, Haep Labor Consult, Bovenden, Germany).

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (100006408), W146 (10009109), JTE013 (10009458), TY52156 (19119), CYM5520 (17638), ANA-12 (14309), and Afatinib (11492) were purchased from Cayman Chemical (MI, United States).

    Extraction:

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, USA) was dissolved directly in the OptiMEM/BSA vehicle.

    Article Title: FTY720 Reduces Lipid Accumulation by Upregulating ABCA1 through Liver X Receptor and Sphingosine Kinase 2 Signaling in Macrophages
    Article Snippet: FTY720, FTY720-P, W146, SEW2871, VPC23019, FTY720, PF-543, and SLM6031434 were purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA).

    Article Title: Pseudoirreversible inhibition elicits persistent efficacy of a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 antagonist.
    Article Snippet: In functional reversibility assays, serial dilutions of the test compound and serial dilutions of FTY720-P (Cayman) were co-incubated with membranes followed by the same operations as noted above.

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1 phosphate receptor agonists for neuroprotection
    Article Snippet: Ozanimod, Compound 1, and Compound 3 were synthesized and dissolved in 100% DMSO to 10 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. FTY720-P was purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, Mich.) and dissolved in anhydrous DMSO to 0.5 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. For the experiments using rat primary astrocytes, eight-point concentration-response curves were generated for AKT and ERK phosphorylation in primary rat astrocytes cultures in response to a 10-minute treatment with ozanimod (100 nM-46 pM), Compound 3 (10 nM-5 pM), Compound 1 (10 nM-5 pM), or FTY720-P (10 nM-5 pM).

    Article Title: FTY720 Protects Against Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury by Preventing the Redistribution of Tight Junction Proteins and Decreases Inflammation in the Subacute Phase in an Experimental Stroke Model
    Article Snippet: The cells were then randomly divided into the following groups ( n = 5 per group): (1) control group, no OGD; (2) vehicle group, OGD without treatment; (3) FTY720 group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720 added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (4) FTY720-P group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (5) FTY720-P and pertussis toxin (PTX) group, OGD with FTY720-P (100 nM) and PTX (100 ng/mL, Fujifilm) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion.

    Article Title: Sphingosine-1-phosphate suppresses GLUT activity through PP2A and counteracts hyperglycemia in diabetic red blood cells
    Article Snippet: Washed RBCs (100 × 10 6 cells/ml) were incubated with 1 μM sphingosine (D-erythro, Enzo Life Sciences GmbH, Lörrach, Germany) 1 μM FTY720 (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) or 1 μM FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) at 37 °C for 30 min in Tyrode buffer (NaCl 113 mM, KCl 4.7 mM, KH 2 PO 4 0.6 mM, Na 2 HPO 4 0.6 mM, MgSO 4 1.2 mM, NaHCO 3 12 mM, KHCO 3 10 mM, HEPES 10 mM, Taurine 30 mM, pH 7.0 at 37 °C) under continuously gentle shaking (Thermoshaker, Haep Labor Consult, Bovenden, Germany).

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (100006408), W146 (10009109), JTE013 (10009458), TY52156 (19119), CYM5520 (17638), ANA-12 (14309), and Afatinib (11492) were purchased from Cayman Chemical (MI, United States).

    Synthesized:

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, USA) was dissolved directly in the OptiMEM/BSA vehicle.

    Article Title: FTY720 Reduces Lipid Accumulation by Upregulating ABCA1 through Liver X Receptor and Sphingosine Kinase 2 Signaling in Macrophages
    Article Snippet: FTY720, FTY720-P, W146, SEW2871, VPC23019, FTY720, PF-543, and SLM6031434 were purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA).

    Article Title: Pseudoirreversible inhibition elicits persistent efficacy of a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 antagonist.
    Article Snippet: In functional reversibility assays, serial dilutions of the test compound and serial dilutions of FTY720-P (Cayman) were co-incubated with membranes followed by the same operations as noted above.

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1 phosphate receptor agonists for neuroprotection
    Article Snippet: Ozanimod, Compound 1, and Compound 3 were synthesized and dissolved in 100% DMSO to 10 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. FTY720-P was purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, Mich.) and dissolved in anhydrous DMSO to 0.5 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. For the experiments using rat primary astrocytes, eight-point concentration-response curves were generated for AKT and ERK phosphorylation in primary rat astrocytes cultures in response to a 10-minute treatment with ozanimod (100 nM-46 pM), Compound 3 (10 nM-5 pM), Compound 1 (10 nM-5 pM), or FTY720-P (10 nM-5 pM).

    Article Title: FTY720 Protects Against Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury by Preventing the Redistribution of Tight Junction Proteins and Decreases Inflammation in the Subacute Phase in an Experimental Stroke Model
    Article Snippet: The cells were then randomly divided into the following groups ( n = 5 per group): (1) control group, no OGD; (2) vehicle group, OGD without treatment; (3) FTY720 group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720 added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (4) FTY720-P group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (5) FTY720-P and pertussis toxin (PTX) group, OGD with FTY720-P (100 nM) and PTX (100 ng/mL, Fujifilm) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion.

    Article Title: Sphingosine-1-phosphate suppresses GLUT activity through PP2A and counteracts hyperglycemia in diabetic red blood cells
    Article Snippet: Washed RBCs (100 × 10 6 cells/ml) were incubated with 1 μM sphingosine (D-erythro, Enzo Life Sciences GmbH, Lörrach, Germany) 1 μM FTY720 (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) or 1 μM FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) at 37 °C for 30 min in Tyrode buffer (NaCl 113 mM, KCl 4.7 mM, KH 2 PO 4 0.6 mM, Na 2 HPO 4 0.6 mM, MgSO 4 1.2 mM, NaHCO 3 12 mM, KHCO 3 10 mM, HEPES 10 mM, Taurine 30 mM, pH 7.0 at 37 °C) under continuously gentle shaking (Thermoshaker, Haep Labor Consult, Bovenden, Germany).

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (100006408), W146 (10009109), JTE013 (10009458), TY52156 (19119), CYM5520 (17638), ANA-12 (14309), and Afatinib (11492) were purchased from Cayman Chemical (MI, United States).

    Generated:

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, USA) was dissolved directly in the OptiMEM/BSA vehicle.

    Article Title: FTY720 Reduces Lipid Accumulation by Upregulating ABCA1 through Liver X Receptor and Sphingosine Kinase 2 Signaling in Macrophages
    Article Snippet: FTY720, FTY720-P, W146, SEW2871, VPC23019, FTY720, PF-543, and SLM6031434 were purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA).

    Article Title: Pseudoirreversible inhibition elicits persistent efficacy of a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 antagonist.
    Article Snippet: In functional reversibility assays, serial dilutions of the test compound and serial dilutions of FTY720-P (Cayman) were co-incubated with membranes followed by the same operations as noted above.

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1 phosphate receptor agonists for neuroprotection
    Article Snippet: Ozanimod, Compound 1, and Compound 3 were synthesized and dissolved in 100% DMSO to 10 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. FTY720-P was purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, Mich.) and dissolved in anhydrous DMSO to 0.5 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. For the experiments using rat primary astrocytes, eight-point concentration-response curves were generated for AKT and ERK phosphorylation in primary rat astrocytes cultures in response to a 10-minute treatment with ozanimod (100 nM-46 pM), Compound 3 (10 nM-5 pM), Compound 1 (10 nM-5 pM), or FTY720-P (10 nM-5 pM).

    Article Title: FTY720 Protects Against Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury by Preventing the Redistribution of Tight Junction Proteins and Decreases Inflammation in the Subacute Phase in an Experimental Stroke Model
    Article Snippet: The cells were then randomly divided into the following groups ( n = 5 per group): (1) control group, no OGD; (2) vehicle group, OGD without treatment; (3) FTY720 group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720 added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (4) FTY720-P group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (5) FTY720-P and pertussis toxin (PTX) group, OGD with FTY720-P (100 nM) and PTX (100 ng/mL, Fujifilm) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion.

    Article Title: Sphingosine-1-phosphate suppresses GLUT activity through PP2A and counteracts hyperglycemia in diabetic red blood cells
    Article Snippet: Washed RBCs (100 × 10 6 cells/ml) were incubated with 1 μM sphingosine (D-erythro, Enzo Life Sciences GmbH, Lörrach, Germany) 1 μM FTY720 (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) or 1 μM FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) at 37 °C for 30 min in Tyrode buffer (NaCl 113 mM, KCl 4.7 mM, KH 2 PO 4 0.6 mM, Na 2 HPO 4 0.6 mM, MgSO 4 1.2 mM, NaHCO 3 12 mM, KHCO 3 10 mM, HEPES 10 mM, Taurine 30 mM, pH 7.0 at 37 °C) under continuously gentle shaking (Thermoshaker, Haep Labor Consult, Bovenden, Germany).

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (100006408), W146 (10009109), JTE013 (10009458), TY52156 (19119), CYM5520 (17638), ANA-12 (14309), and Afatinib (11492) were purchased from Cayman Chemical (MI, United States).

    Phospho-proteomics:

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, USA) was dissolved directly in the OptiMEM/BSA vehicle.

    Article Title: FTY720 Reduces Lipid Accumulation by Upregulating ABCA1 through Liver X Receptor and Sphingosine Kinase 2 Signaling in Macrophages
    Article Snippet: FTY720, FTY720-P, W146, SEW2871, VPC23019, FTY720, PF-543, and SLM6031434 were purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA).

    Article Title: Pseudoirreversible inhibition elicits persistent efficacy of a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 antagonist.
    Article Snippet: In functional reversibility assays, serial dilutions of the test compound and serial dilutions of FTY720-P (Cayman) were co-incubated with membranes followed by the same operations as noted above.

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1 phosphate receptor agonists for neuroprotection
    Article Snippet: Ozanimod, Compound 1, and Compound 3 were synthesized and dissolved in 100% DMSO to 10 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. FTY720-P was purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, Mich.) and dissolved in anhydrous DMSO to 0.5 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. For the experiments using rat primary astrocytes, eight-point concentration-response curves were generated for AKT and ERK phosphorylation in primary rat astrocytes cultures in response to a 10-minute treatment with ozanimod (100 nM-46 pM), Compound 3 (10 nM-5 pM), Compound 1 (10 nM-5 pM), or FTY720-P (10 nM-5 pM).

    Article Title: FTY720 Protects Against Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury by Preventing the Redistribution of Tight Junction Proteins and Decreases Inflammation in the Subacute Phase in an Experimental Stroke Model
    Article Snippet: The cells were then randomly divided into the following groups ( n = 5 per group): (1) control group, no OGD; (2) vehicle group, OGD without treatment; (3) FTY720 group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720 added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (4) FTY720-P group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (5) FTY720-P and pertussis toxin (PTX) group, OGD with FTY720-P (100 nM) and PTX (100 ng/mL, Fujifilm) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion.

    Article Title: Sphingosine-1-phosphate suppresses GLUT activity through PP2A and counteracts hyperglycemia in diabetic red blood cells
    Article Snippet: Washed RBCs (100 × 10 6 cells/ml) were incubated with 1 μM sphingosine (D-erythro, Enzo Life Sciences GmbH, Lörrach, Germany) 1 μM FTY720 (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) or 1 μM FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) at 37 °C for 30 min in Tyrode buffer (NaCl 113 mM, KCl 4.7 mM, KH 2 PO 4 0.6 mM, Na 2 HPO 4 0.6 mM, MgSO 4 1.2 mM, NaHCO 3 12 mM, KHCO 3 10 mM, HEPES 10 mM, Taurine 30 mM, pH 7.0 at 37 °C) under continuously gentle shaking (Thermoshaker, Haep Labor Consult, Bovenden, Germany).

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (100006408), W146 (10009109), JTE013 (10009458), TY52156 (19119), CYM5520 (17638), ANA-12 (14309), and Afatinib (11492) were purchased from Cayman Chemical (MI, United States).

    Immunohistochemistry:

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, USA) was dissolved directly in the OptiMEM/BSA vehicle.

    Article Title: FTY720 Reduces Lipid Accumulation by Upregulating ABCA1 through Liver X Receptor and Sphingosine Kinase 2 Signaling in Macrophages
    Article Snippet: FTY720, FTY720-P, W146, SEW2871, VPC23019, FTY720, PF-543, and SLM6031434 were purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA).

    Article Title: Pseudoirreversible inhibition elicits persistent efficacy of a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 antagonist.
    Article Snippet: In functional reversibility assays, serial dilutions of the test compound and serial dilutions of FTY720-P (Cayman) were co-incubated with membranes followed by the same operations as noted above.

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1 phosphate receptor agonists for neuroprotection
    Article Snippet: Ozanimod, Compound 1, and Compound 3 were synthesized and dissolved in 100% DMSO to 10 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. FTY720-P was purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, Mich.) and dissolved in anhydrous DMSO to 0.5 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. For the experiments using rat primary astrocytes, eight-point concentration-response curves were generated for AKT and ERK phosphorylation in primary rat astrocytes cultures in response to a 10-minute treatment with ozanimod (100 nM-46 pM), Compound 3 (10 nM-5 pM), Compound 1 (10 nM-5 pM), or FTY720-P (10 nM-5 pM).

    Article Title: FTY720 Protects Against Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury by Preventing the Redistribution of Tight Junction Proteins and Decreases Inflammation in the Subacute Phase in an Experimental Stroke Model
    Article Snippet: The cells were then randomly divided into the following groups ( n = 5 per group): (1) control group, no OGD; (2) vehicle group, OGD without treatment; (3) FTY720 group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720 added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (4) FTY720-P group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (5) FTY720-P and pertussis toxin (PTX) group, OGD with FTY720-P (100 nM) and PTX (100 ng/mL, Fujifilm) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion.

    Article Title: Sphingosine-1-phosphate suppresses GLUT activity through PP2A and counteracts hyperglycemia in diabetic red blood cells
    Article Snippet: Washed RBCs (100 × 10 6 cells/ml) were incubated with 1 μM sphingosine (D-erythro, Enzo Life Sciences GmbH, Lörrach, Germany) 1 μM FTY720 (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) or 1 μM FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) at 37 °C for 30 min in Tyrode buffer (NaCl 113 mM, KCl 4.7 mM, KH 2 PO 4 0.6 mM, Na 2 HPO 4 0.6 mM, MgSO 4 1.2 mM, NaHCO 3 12 mM, KHCO 3 10 mM, HEPES 10 mM, Taurine 30 mM, pH 7.0 at 37 °C) under continuously gentle shaking (Thermoshaker, Haep Labor Consult, Bovenden, Germany).

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (100006408), W146 (10009109), JTE013 (10009458), TY52156 (19119), CYM5520 (17638), ANA-12 (14309), and Afatinib (11492) were purchased from Cayman Chemical (MI, United States).

    TUNEL Assay:

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, USA) was dissolved directly in the OptiMEM/BSA vehicle.

    Article Title: FTY720 Reduces Lipid Accumulation by Upregulating ABCA1 through Liver X Receptor and Sphingosine Kinase 2 Signaling in Macrophages
    Article Snippet: FTY720, FTY720-P, W146, SEW2871, VPC23019, FTY720, PF-543, and SLM6031434 were purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA).

    Article Title: Pseudoirreversible inhibition elicits persistent efficacy of a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 antagonist.
    Article Snippet: In functional reversibility assays, serial dilutions of the test compound and serial dilutions of FTY720-P (Cayman) were co-incubated with membranes followed by the same operations as noted above.

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1 phosphate receptor agonists for neuroprotection
    Article Snippet: Ozanimod, Compound 1, and Compound 3 were synthesized and dissolved in 100% DMSO to 10 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. FTY720-P was purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, Mich.) and dissolved in anhydrous DMSO to 0.5 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. For the experiments using rat primary astrocytes, eight-point concentration-response curves were generated for AKT and ERK phosphorylation in primary rat astrocytes cultures in response to a 10-minute treatment with ozanimod (100 nM-46 pM), Compound 3 (10 nM-5 pM), Compound 1 (10 nM-5 pM), or FTY720-P (10 nM-5 pM).

    Article Title: FTY720 Protects Against Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury by Preventing the Redistribution of Tight Junction Proteins and Decreases Inflammation in the Subacute Phase in an Experimental Stroke Model
    Article Snippet: The cells were then randomly divided into the following groups ( n = 5 per group): (1) control group, no OGD; (2) vehicle group, OGD without treatment; (3) FTY720 group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720 added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (4) FTY720-P group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (5) FTY720-P and pertussis toxin (PTX) group, OGD with FTY720-P (100 nM) and PTX (100 ng/mL, Fujifilm) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion.

    Article Title: Sphingosine-1-phosphate suppresses GLUT activity through PP2A and counteracts hyperglycemia in diabetic red blood cells
    Article Snippet: Washed RBCs (100 × 10 6 cells/ml) were incubated with 1 μM sphingosine (D-erythro, Enzo Life Sciences GmbH, Lörrach, Germany) 1 μM FTY720 (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) or 1 μM FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) at 37 °C for 30 min in Tyrode buffer (NaCl 113 mM, KCl 4.7 mM, KH 2 PO 4 0.6 mM, Na 2 HPO 4 0.6 mM, MgSO 4 1.2 mM, NaHCO 3 12 mM, KHCO 3 10 mM, HEPES 10 mM, Taurine 30 mM, pH 7.0 at 37 °C) under continuously gentle shaking (Thermoshaker, Haep Labor Consult, Bovenden, Germany).

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (100006408), W146 (10009109), JTE013 (10009458), TY52156 (19119), CYM5520 (17638), ANA-12 (14309), and Afatinib (11492) were purchased from Cayman Chemical (MI, United States).

    Imaging:

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, USA) was dissolved directly in the OptiMEM/BSA vehicle.

    Article Title: FTY720 Reduces Lipid Accumulation by Upregulating ABCA1 through Liver X Receptor and Sphingosine Kinase 2 Signaling in Macrophages
    Article Snippet: FTY720, FTY720-P, W146, SEW2871, VPC23019, FTY720, PF-543, and SLM6031434 were purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA).

    Article Title: Pseudoirreversible inhibition elicits persistent efficacy of a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 antagonist.
    Article Snippet: In functional reversibility assays, serial dilutions of the test compound and serial dilutions of FTY720-P (Cayman) were co-incubated with membranes followed by the same operations as noted above.

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1 phosphate receptor agonists for neuroprotection
    Article Snippet: Ozanimod, Compound 1, and Compound 3 were synthesized and dissolved in 100% DMSO to 10 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. FTY720-P was purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, Mich.) and dissolved in anhydrous DMSO to 0.5 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. For the experiments using rat primary astrocytes, eight-point concentration-response curves were generated for AKT and ERK phosphorylation in primary rat astrocytes cultures in response to a 10-minute treatment with ozanimod (100 nM-46 pM), Compound 3 (10 nM-5 pM), Compound 1 (10 nM-5 pM), or FTY720-P (10 nM-5 pM).

    Article Title: FTY720 Protects Against Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury by Preventing the Redistribution of Tight Junction Proteins and Decreases Inflammation in the Subacute Phase in an Experimental Stroke Model
    Article Snippet: The cells were then randomly divided into the following groups ( n = 5 per group): (1) control group, no OGD; (2) vehicle group, OGD without treatment; (3) FTY720 group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720 added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (4) FTY720-P group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (5) FTY720-P and pertussis toxin (PTX) group, OGD with FTY720-P (100 nM) and PTX (100 ng/mL, Fujifilm) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion.

    Article Title: Sphingosine-1-phosphate suppresses GLUT activity through PP2A and counteracts hyperglycemia in diabetic red blood cells
    Article Snippet: Washed RBCs (100 × 10 6 cells/ml) were incubated with 1 μM sphingosine (D-erythro, Enzo Life Sciences GmbH, Lörrach, Germany) 1 μM FTY720 (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) or 1 μM FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) at 37 °C for 30 min in Tyrode buffer (NaCl 113 mM, KCl 4.7 mM, KH 2 PO 4 0.6 mM, Na 2 HPO 4 0.6 mM, MgSO 4 1.2 mM, NaHCO 3 12 mM, KHCO 3 10 mM, HEPES 10 mM, Taurine 30 mM, pH 7.0 at 37 °C) under continuously gentle shaking (Thermoshaker, Haep Labor Consult, Bovenden, Germany).

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (100006408), W146 (10009109), JTE013 (10009458), TY52156 (19119), CYM5520 (17638), ANA-12 (14309), and Afatinib (11492) were purchased from Cayman Chemical (MI, United States).

    Autoradiography:

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, USA) was dissolved directly in the OptiMEM/BSA vehicle.

    Article Title: FTY720 Reduces Lipid Accumulation by Upregulating ABCA1 through Liver X Receptor and Sphingosine Kinase 2 Signaling in Macrophages
    Article Snippet: FTY720, FTY720-P, W146, SEW2871, VPC23019, FTY720, PF-543, and SLM6031434 were purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA).

    Article Title: Pseudoirreversible inhibition elicits persistent efficacy of a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 antagonist.
    Article Snippet: In functional reversibility assays, serial dilutions of the test compound and serial dilutions of FTY720-P (Cayman) were co-incubated with membranes followed by the same operations as noted above.

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1 phosphate receptor agonists for neuroprotection
    Article Snippet: Ozanimod, Compound 1, and Compound 3 were synthesized and dissolved in 100% DMSO to 10 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. FTY720-P was purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, Mich.) and dissolved in anhydrous DMSO to 0.5 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. For the experiments using rat primary astrocytes, eight-point concentration-response curves were generated for AKT and ERK phosphorylation in primary rat astrocytes cultures in response to a 10-minute treatment with ozanimod (100 nM-46 pM), Compound 3 (10 nM-5 pM), Compound 1 (10 nM-5 pM), or FTY720-P (10 nM-5 pM).

    Article Title: FTY720 Protects Against Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury by Preventing the Redistribution of Tight Junction Proteins and Decreases Inflammation in the Subacute Phase in an Experimental Stroke Model
    Article Snippet: The cells were then randomly divided into the following groups ( n = 5 per group): (1) control group, no OGD; (2) vehicle group, OGD without treatment; (3) FTY720 group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720 added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (4) FTY720-P group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (5) FTY720-P and pertussis toxin (PTX) group, OGD with FTY720-P (100 nM) and PTX (100 ng/mL, Fujifilm) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion.

    Article Title: Sphingosine-1-phosphate suppresses GLUT activity through PP2A and counteracts hyperglycemia in diabetic red blood cells
    Article Snippet: Washed RBCs (100 × 10 6 cells/ml) were incubated with 1 μM sphingosine (D-erythro, Enzo Life Sciences GmbH, Lörrach, Germany) 1 μM FTY720 (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) or 1 μM FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) at 37 °C for 30 min in Tyrode buffer (NaCl 113 mM, KCl 4.7 mM, KH 2 PO 4 0.6 mM, Na 2 HPO 4 0.6 mM, MgSO 4 1.2 mM, NaHCO 3 12 mM, KHCO 3 10 mM, HEPES 10 mM, Taurine 30 mM, pH 7.0 at 37 °C) under continuously gentle shaking (Thermoshaker, Haep Labor Consult, Bovenden, Germany).

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (100006408), W146 (10009109), JTE013 (10009458), TY52156 (19119), CYM5520 (17638), ANA-12 (14309), and Afatinib (11492) were purchased from Cayman Chemical (MI, United States).

    Permeability:

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, USA) was dissolved directly in the OptiMEM/BSA vehicle.

    Article Title: FTY720 Reduces Lipid Accumulation by Upregulating ABCA1 through Liver X Receptor and Sphingosine Kinase 2 Signaling in Macrophages
    Article Snippet: FTY720, FTY720-P, W146, SEW2871, VPC23019, FTY720, PF-543, and SLM6031434 were purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA).

    Article Title: Pseudoirreversible inhibition elicits persistent efficacy of a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 antagonist.
    Article Snippet: In functional reversibility assays, serial dilutions of the test compound and serial dilutions of FTY720-P (Cayman) were co-incubated with membranes followed by the same operations as noted above.

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1 phosphate receptor agonists for neuroprotection
    Article Snippet: Ozanimod, Compound 1, and Compound 3 were synthesized and dissolved in 100% DMSO to 10 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. FTY720-P was purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, Mich.) and dissolved in anhydrous DMSO to 0.5 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. For the experiments using rat primary astrocytes, eight-point concentration-response curves were generated for AKT and ERK phosphorylation in primary rat astrocytes cultures in response to a 10-minute treatment with ozanimod (100 nM-46 pM), Compound 3 (10 nM-5 pM), Compound 1 (10 nM-5 pM), or FTY720-P (10 nM-5 pM).

    Article Title: FTY720 Protects Against Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury by Preventing the Redistribution of Tight Junction Proteins and Decreases Inflammation in the Subacute Phase in an Experimental Stroke Model
    Article Snippet: The cells were then randomly divided into the following groups ( n = 5 per group): (1) control group, no OGD; (2) vehicle group, OGD without treatment; (3) FTY720 group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720 added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (4) FTY720-P group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (5) FTY720-P and pertussis toxin (PTX) group, OGD with FTY720-P (100 nM) and PTX (100 ng/mL, Fujifilm) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion.

    Article Title: Sphingosine-1-phosphate suppresses GLUT activity through PP2A and counteracts hyperglycemia in diabetic red blood cells
    Article Snippet: Washed RBCs (100 × 10 6 cells/ml) were incubated with 1 μM sphingosine (D-erythro, Enzo Life Sciences GmbH, Lörrach, Germany) 1 μM FTY720 (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) or 1 μM FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) at 37 °C for 30 min in Tyrode buffer (NaCl 113 mM, KCl 4.7 mM, KH 2 PO 4 0.6 mM, Na 2 HPO 4 0.6 mM, MgSO 4 1.2 mM, NaHCO 3 12 mM, KHCO 3 10 mM, HEPES 10 mM, Taurine 30 mM, pH 7.0 at 37 °C) under continuously gentle shaking (Thermoshaker, Haep Labor Consult, Bovenden, Germany).

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (100006408), W146 (10009109), JTE013 (10009458), TY52156 (19119), CYM5520 (17638), ANA-12 (14309), and Afatinib (11492) were purchased from Cayman Chemical (MI, United States).

    Injection:

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, USA) was dissolved directly in the OptiMEM/BSA vehicle.

    Article Title: FTY720 Reduces Lipid Accumulation by Upregulating ABCA1 through Liver X Receptor and Sphingosine Kinase 2 Signaling in Macrophages
    Article Snippet: FTY720, FTY720-P, W146, SEW2871, VPC23019, FTY720, PF-543, and SLM6031434 were purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA).

    Article Title: Pseudoirreversible inhibition elicits persistent efficacy of a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 antagonist.
    Article Snippet: In functional reversibility assays, serial dilutions of the test compound and serial dilutions of FTY720-P (Cayman) were co-incubated with membranes followed by the same operations as noted above.

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1 phosphate receptor agonists for neuroprotection
    Article Snippet: Ozanimod, Compound 1, and Compound 3 were synthesized and dissolved in 100% DMSO to 10 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. FTY720-P was purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, Mich.) and dissolved in anhydrous DMSO to 0.5 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. For the experiments using rat primary astrocytes, eight-point concentration-response curves were generated for AKT and ERK phosphorylation in primary rat astrocytes cultures in response to a 10-minute treatment with ozanimod (100 nM-46 pM), Compound 3 (10 nM-5 pM), Compound 1 (10 nM-5 pM), or FTY720-P (10 nM-5 pM).

    Article Title: FTY720 Protects Against Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury by Preventing the Redistribution of Tight Junction Proteins and Decreases Inflammation in the Subacute Phase in an Experimental Stroke Model
    Article Snippet: The cells were then randomly divided into the following groups ( n = 5 per group): (1) control group, no OGD; (2) vehicle group, OGD without treatment; (3) FTY720 group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720 added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (4) FTY720-P group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (5) FTY720-P and pertussis toxin (PTX) group, OGD with FTY720-P (100 nM) and PTX (100 ng/mL, Fujifilm) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion.

    Article Title: Sphingosine-1-phosphate suppresses GLUT activity through PP2A and counteracts hyperglycemia in diabetic red blood cells
    Article Snippet: Washed RBCs (100 × 10 6 cells/ml) were incubated with 1 μM sphingosine (D-erythro, Enzo Life Sciences GmbH, Lörrach, Germany) 1 μM FTY720 (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) or 1 μM FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) at 37 °C for 30 min in Tyrode buffer (NaCl 113 mM, KCl 4.7 mM, KH 2 PO 4 0.6 mM, Na 2 HPO 4 0.6 mM, MgSO 4 1.2 mM, NaHCO 3 12 mM, KHCO 3 10 mM, HEPES 10 mM, Taurine 30 mM, pH 7.0 at 37 °C) under continuously gentle shaking (Thermoshaker, Haep Labor Consult, Bovenden, Germany).

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (100006408), W146 (10009109), JTE013 (10009458), TY52156 (19119), CYM5520 (17638), ANA-12 (14309), and Afatinib (11492) were purchased from Cayman Chemical (MI, United States).

    Isolation:

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, USA) was dissolved directly in the OptiMEM/BSA vehicle.

    Article Title: FTY720 Reduces Lipid Accumulation by Upregulating ABCA1 through Liver X Receptor and Sphingosine Kinase 2 Signaling in Macrophages
    Article Snippet: FTY720, FTY720-P, W146, SEW2871, VPC23019, FTY720, PF-543, and SLM6031434 were purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA).

    Article Title: Pseudoirreversible inhibition elicits persistent efficacy of a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 antagonist.
    Article Snippet: In functional reversibility assays, serial dilutions of the test compound and serial dilutions of FTY720-P (Cayman) were co-incubated with membranes followed by the same operations as noted above.

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1 phosphate receptor agonists for neuroprotection
    Article Snippet: Ozanimod, Compound 1, and Compound 3 were synthesized and dissolved in 100% DMSO to 10 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. FTY720-P was purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, Mich.) and dissolved in anhydrous DMSO to 0.5 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. For the experiments using rat primary astrocytes, eight-point concentration-response curves were generated for AKT and ERK phosphorylation in primary rat astrocytes cultures in response to a 10-minute treatment with ozanimod (100 nM-46 pM), Compound 3 (10 nM-5 pM), Compound 1 (10 nM-5 pM), or FTY720-P (10 nM-5 pM).

    Article Title: FTY720 Protects Against Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury by Preventing the Redistribution of Tight Junction Proteins and Decreases Inflammation in the Subacute Phase in an Experimental Stroke Model
    Article Snippet: The cells were then randomly divided into the following groups ( n = 5 per group): (1) control group, no OGD; (2) vehicle group, OGD without treatment; (3) FTY720 group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720 added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (4) FTY720-P group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (5) FTY720-P and pertussis toxin (PTX) group, OGD with FTY720-P (100 nM) and PTX (100 ng/mL, Fujifilm) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion.

    Article Title: Sphingosine-1-phosphate suppresses GLUT activity through PP2A and counteracts hyperglycemia in diabetic red blood cells
    Article Snippet: Washed RBCs (100 × 10 6 cells/ml) were incubated with 1 μM sphingosine (D-erythro, Enzo Life Sciences GmbH, Lörrach, Germany) 1 μM FTY720 (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) or 1 μM FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) at 37 °C for 30 min in Tyrode buffer (NaCl 113 mM, KCl 4.7 mM, KH 2 PO 4 0.6 mM, Na 2 HPO 4 0.6 mM, MgSO 4 1.2 mM, NaHCO 3 12 mM, KHCO 3 10 mM, HEPES 10 mM, Taurine 30 mM, pH 7.0 at 37 °C) under continuously gentle shaking (Thermoshaker, Haep Labor Consult, Bovenden, Germany).

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (100006408), W146 (10009109), JTE013 (10009458), TY52156 (19119), CYM5520 (17638), ANA-12 (14309), and Afatinib (11492) were purchased from Cayman Chemical (MI, United States).

    Spectrophotometry:

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, USA) was dissolved directly in the OptiMEM/BSA vehicle.

    Article Title: FTY720 Reduces Lipid Accumulation by Upregulating ABCA1 through Liver X Receptor and Sphingosine Kinase 2 Signaling in Macrophages
    Article Snippet: FTY720, FTY720-P, W146, SEW2871, VPC23019, FTY720, PF-543, and SLM6031434 were purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA).

    Article Title: Pseudoirreversible inhibition elicits persistent efficacy of a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 antagonist.
    Article Snippet: In functional reversibility assays, serial dilutions of the test compound and serial dilutions of FTY720-P (Cayman) were co-incubated with membranes followed by the same operations as noted above.

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1 phosphate receptor agonists for neuroprotection
    Article Snippet: Ozanimod, Compound 1, and Compound 3 were synthesized and dissolved in 100% DMSO to 10 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. FTY720-P was purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, Mich.) and dissolved in anhydrous DMSO to 0.5 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. For the experiments using rat primary astrocytes, eight-point concentration-response curves were generated for AKT and ERK phosphorylation in primary rat astrocytes cultures in response to a 10-minute treatment with ozanimod (100 nM-46 pM), Compound 3 (10 nM-5 pM), Compound 1 (10 nM-5 pM), or FTY720-P (10 nM-5 pM).

    Article Title: FTY720 Protects Against Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury by Preventing the Redistribution of Tight Junction Proteins and Decreases Inflammation in the Subacute Phase in an Experimental Stroke Model
    Article Snippet: The cells were then randomly divided into the following groups ( n = 5 per group): (1) control group, no OGD; (2) vehicle group, OGD without treatment; (3) FTY720 group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720 added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (4) FTY720-P group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (5) FTY720-P and pertussis toxin (PTX) group, OGD with FTY720-P (100 nM) and PTX (100 ng/mL, Fujifilm) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion.

    Article Title: Sphingosine-1-phosphate suppresses GLUT activity through PP2A and counteracts hyperglycemia in diabetic red blood cells
    Article Snippet: Washed RBCs (100 × 10 6 cells/ml) were incubated with 1 μM sphingosine (D-erythro, Enzo Life Sciences GmbH, Lörrach, Germany) 1 μM FTY720 (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) or 1 μM FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) at 37 °C for 30 min in Tyrode buffer (NaCl 113 mM, KCl 4.7 mM, KH 2 PO 4 0.6 mM, Na 2 HPO 4 0.6 mM, MgSO 4 1.2 mM, NaHCO 3 12 mM, KHCO 3 10 mM, HEPES 10 mM, Taurine 30 mM, pH 7.0 at 37 °C) under continuously gentle shaking (Thermoshaker, Haep Labor Consult, Bovenden, Germany).

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (100006408), W146 (10009109), JTE013 (10009458), TY52156 (19119), CYM5520 (17638), ANA-12 (14309), and Afatinib (11492) were purchased from Cayman Chemical (MI, United States).

    In Vitro:

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, USA) was dissolved directly in the OptiMEM/BSA vehicle.

    Article Title: FTY720 Reduces Lipid Accumulation by Upregulating ABCA1 through Liver X Receptor and Sphingosine Kinase 2 Signaling in Macrophages
    Article Snippet: FTY720, FTY720-P, W146, SEW2871, VPC23019, FTY720, PF-543, and SLM6031434 were purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA).

    Article Title: Pseudoirreversible inhibition elicits persistent efficacy of a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 antagonist.
    Article Snippet: In functional reversibility assays, serial dilutions of the test compound and serial dilutions of FTY720-P (Cayman) were co-incubated with membranes followed by the same operations as noted above.

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1 phosphate receptor agonists for neuroprotection
    Article Snippet: Ozanimod, Compound 1, and Compound 3 were synthesized and dissolved in 100% DMSO to 10 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. FTY720-P was purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, Mich.) and dissolved in anhydrous DMSO to 0.5 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. For the experiments using rat primary astrocytes, eight-point concentration-response curves were generated for AKT and ERK phosphorylation in primary rat astrocytes cultures in response to a 10-minute treatment with ozanimod (100 nM-46 pM), Compound 3 (10 nM-5 pM), Compound 1 (10 nM-5 pM), or FTY720-P (10 nM-5 pM).

    Article Title: FTY720 Protects Against Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury by Preventing the Redistribution of Tight Junction Proteins and Decreases Inflammation in the Subacute Phase in an Experimental Stroke Model
    Article Snippet: The cells were then randomly divided into the following groups ( n = 5 per group): (1) control group, no OGD; (2) vehicle group, OGD without treatment; (3) FTY720 group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720 added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (4) FTY720-P group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (5) FTY720-P and pertussis toxin (PTX) group, OGD with FTY720-P (100 nM) and PTX (100 ng/mL, Fujifilm) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion.

    Article Title: Sphingosine-1-phosphate suppresses GLUT activity through PP2A and counteracts hyperglycemia in diabetic red blood cells
    Article Snippet: Washed RBCs (100 × 10 6 cells/ml) were incubated with 1 μM sphingosine (D-erythro, Enzo Life Sciences GmbH, Lörrach, Germany) 1 μM FTY720 (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) or 1 μM FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) at 37 °C for 30 min in Tyrode buffer (NaCl 113 mM, KCl 4.7 mM, KH 2 PO 4 0.6 mM, Na 2 HPO 4 0.6 mM, MgSO 4 1.2 mM, NaHCO 3 12 mM, KHCO 3 10 mM, HEPES 10 mM, Taurine 30 mM, pH 7.0 at 37 °C) under continuously gentle shaking (Thermoshaker, Haep Labor Consult, Bovenden, Germany).

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (100006408), W146 (10009109), JTE013 (10009458), TY52156 (19119), CYM5520 (17638), ANA-12 (14309), and Afatinib (11492) were purchased from Cayman Chemical (MI, United States).

    Translocation Assay:

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, USA) was dissolved directly in the OptiMEM/BSA vehicle.

    Article Title: FTY720 Reduces Lipid Accumulation by Upregulating ABCA1 through Liver X Receptor and Sphingosine Kinase 2 Signaling in Macrophages
    Article Snippet: FTY720, FTY720-P, W146, SEW2871, VPC23019, FTY720, PF-543, and SLM6031434 were purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, MI, USA).

    Article Title: Pseudoirreversible inhibition elicits persistent efficacy of a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 antagonist.
    Article Snippet: In functional reversibility assays, serial dilutions of the test compound and serial dilutions of FTY720-P (Cayman) were co-incubated with membranes followed by the same operations as noted above.

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1 phosphate receptor agonists for neuroprotection
    Article Snippet: Ozanimod, Compound 1, and Compound 3 were synthesized and dissolved in 100% DMSO to 10 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. FTY720-P was purchased from Cayman Chemical (Ann Arbor, Mich.) and dissolved in anhydrous DMSO to 0.5 mM and stored in single-use aliquots at −80° C. For the experiments using rat primary astrocytes, eight-point concentration-response curves were generated for AKT and ERK phosphorylation in primary rat astrocytes cultures in response to a 10-minute treatment with ozanimod (100 nM-46 pM), Compound 3 (10 nM-5 pM), Compound 1 (10 nM-5 pM), or FTY720-P (10 nM-5 pM).

    Article Title: FTY720 Protects Against Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury by Preventing the Redistribution of Tight Junction Proteins and Decreases Inflammation in the Subacute Phase in an Experimental Stroke Model
    Article Snippet: The cells were then randomly divided into the following groups ( n = 5 per group): (1) control group, no OGD; (2) vehicle group, OGD without treatment; (3) FTY720 group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720 added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (4) FTY720-P group, OGD with 100 nM of FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion; (5) FTY720-P and pertussis toxin (PTX) group, OGD with FTY720-P (100 nM) and PTX (100 ng/mL, Fujifilm) added to the culture medium immediately before reperfusion.

    Article Title: Sphingosine-1-phosphate suppresses GLUT activity through PP2A and counteracts hyperglycemia in diabetic red blood cells
    Article Snippet: Washed RBCs (100 × 10 6 cells/ml) were incubated with 1 μM sphingosine (D-erythro, Enzo Life Sciences GmbH, Lörrach, Germany) 1 μM FTY720 (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) or 1 μM FTY720-P (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, USA) at 37 °C for 30 min in Tyrode buffer (NaCl 113 mM, KCl 4.7 mM, KH 2 PO 4 0.6 mM, Na 2 HPO 4 0.6 mM, MgSO 4 1.2 mM, NaHCO 3 12 mM, KHCO 3 10 mM, HEPES 10 mM, Taurine 30 mM, pH 7.0 at 37 °C) under continuously gentle shaking (Thermoshaker, Haep Labor Consult, Bovenden, Germany).

    Article Title: Sphingosine 1-phosphate but not Fingolimod protects neurons against excitotoxic cell death by inducing neurotrophic gene expression in astrocytes.
    Article Snippet: FTY720-P (100006408), W146 (10009109), JTE013 (10009458), TY52156 (19119), CYM5520 (17638), ANA-12 (14309), and Afatinib (11492) were purchased from Cayman Chemical (MI, United States).



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    Image Search Results


    Effects of cytotoxicity observed with FTY720 (S)-P exposure on HepG2 cells after 24–48 and 72 h treatment. The cells were treated with 0.3125–10 μM concentrations.

    Journal: Toxicology Research

    Article Title: In vitro investigation of the toxicological mechanisms of Fingolimod (S)-phosphate in HEPG2 cells

    doi: 10.1093/toxres/tfaf064

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of cytotoxicity observed with FTY720 (S)-P exposure on HepG2 cells after 24–48 and 72 h treatment. The cells were treated with 0.3125–10 μM concentrations.

    Article Snippet: FTY720 (S)-P was purchased from Cayman Chemical Company (USA) and dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).

    Techniques:

    Effects of FTY720-S(P) (0.3125–10 μM) on cell viability by A) MTT, B) LDH and C) NRU assays in HepG2 cells after 72 h treatments. The cells were treated with 0.3125–10 μM concentrations. Data are expressed as mean ± SD, * P < 0.05 and * * P < 0.01 versus the control group.

    Journal: Toxicology Research

    Article Title: In vitro investigation of the toxicological mechanisms of Fingolimod (S)-phosphate in HEPG2 cells

    doi: 10.1093/toxres/tfaf064

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of FTY720-S(P) (0.3125–10 μM) on cell viability by A) MTT, B) LDH and C) NRU assays in HepG2 cells after 72 h treatments. The cells were treated with 0.3125–10 μM concentrations. Data are expressed as mean ± SD, * P < 0.05 and * * P < 0.01 versus the control group.

    Article Snippet: FTY720 (S)-P was purchased from Cayman Chemical Company (USA) and dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).

    Techniques: Control

    Changes in the ATP content observed with FTY720 (S)-P exposure on HepG2 cells after 72 h treatment. The cells were treated with 0.625–10 μM concentrations. Data are expressed as mean ± SD, * P < 0.05 versus the control group.

    Journal: Toxicology Research

    Article Title: In vitro investigation of the toxicological mechanisms of Fingolimod (S)-phosphate in HEPG2 cells

    doi: 10.1093/toxres/tfaf064

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Changes in the ATP content observed with FTY720 (S)-P exposure on HepG2 cells after 72 h treatment. The cells were treated with 0.625–10 μM concentrations. Data are expressed as mean ± SD, * P < 0.05 versus the control group.

    Article Snippet: FTY720 (S)-P was purchased from Cayman Chemical Company (USA) and dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).

    Techniques: Control

    Changes in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) observed with FTY720 (S)-P exposure on HepG2 cells after 72 h treatment. A) Quadrants of JC-1 aggregates (PE channel) and monomers (FITC channel), B) MMP levels. The cells were treated with 0.625–10 μM concentrations. Data are expressed as mean ± SD, * P < 0.05 and * * P < 0.01 versus the control group.

    Journal: Toxicology Research

    Article Title: In vitro investigation of the toxicological mechanisms of Fingolimod (S)-phosphate in HEPG2 cells

    doi: 10.1093/toxres/tfaf064

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Changes in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) observed with FTY720 (S)-P exposure on HepG2 cells after 72 h treatment. A) Quadrants of JC-1 aggregates (PE channel) and monomers (FITC channel), B) MMP levels. The cells were treated with 0.625–10 μM concentrations. Data are expressed as mean ± SD, * P < 0.05 and * * P < 0.01 versus the control group.

    Article Snippet: FTY720 (S)-P was purchased from Cayman Chemical Company (USA) and dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).

    Techniques: Membrane, Control

    Oxidative stress production observed with FTY720 (S)-P exposure on HepG2 cells after 72 h treatment. A) Cellular ROS production, B) mitochondrial ROS production. The cells were treated with 0,625–10 μM concentrations. Data are expressed as mean ± SD, * P < 0.05, * * P < 0.01 versus the control group.

    Journal: Toxicology Research

    Article Title: In vitro investigation of the toxicological mechanisms of Fingolimod (S)-phosphate in HEPG2 cells

    doi: 10.1093/toxres/tfaf064

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Oxidative stress production observed with FTY720 (S)-P exposure on HepG2 cells after 72 h treatment. A) Cellular ROS production, B) mitochondrial ROS production. The cells were treated with 0,625–10 μM concentrations. Data are expressed as mean ± SD, * P < 0.05, * * P < 0.01 versus the control group.

    Article Snippet: FTY720 (S)-P was purchased from Cayman Chemical Company (USA) and dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).

    Techniques: Control

    Changes in antioxidant enzyme levels observed with FTY720 (S)-P exposure on HepG2 cells after 72 h treatment. A) Total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), B) glutathione (GSH), (C) catalase (CAT). The cells were treated with 0.625–10 μM concentrations. Data are expressed as mean ± SD, * P < 0.05, * * P < 0.01 versus the control group.

    Journal: Toxicology Research

    Article Title: In vitro investigation of the toxicological mechanisms of Fingolimod (S)-phosphate in HEPG2 cells

    doi: 10.1093/toxres/tfaf064

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Changes in antioxidant enzyme levels observed with FTY720 (S)-P exposure on HepG2 cells after 72 h treatment. A) Total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), B) glutathione (GSH), (C) catalase (CAT). The cells were treated with 0.625–10 μM concentrations. Data are expressed as mean ± SD, * P < 0.05, * * P < 0.01 versus the control group.

    Article Snippet: FTY720 (S)-P was purchased from Cayman Chemical Company (USA) and dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).

    Techniques: Control

    Molecular docking of FTY720 (S)-P depicted as 2D and 3D simulations within the binding sites of human SIRT3 (A) and SIRT5 (B), utilizing the X-ray crystallographic structures with PDB codes 4JSR and 5XHS, respectively.

    Journal: Toxicology Research

    Article Title: In vitro investigation of the toxicological mechanisms of Fingolimod (S)-phosphate in HEPG2 cells

    doi: 10.1093/toxres/tfaf064

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Molecular docking of FTY720 (S)-P depicted as 2D and 3D simulations within the binding sites of human SIRT3 (A) and SIRT5 (B), utilizing the X-ray crystallographic structures with PDB codes 4JSR and 5XHS, respectively.

    Article Snippet: FTY720 (S)-P was purchased from Cayman Chemical Company (USA) and dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).

    Techniques: Binding Assay

    The Interaction profiles and docking scores of FTY720 (S)-P within the binding pocket of the SIRT3 (PDB ID: 4JSR) and SIRT5 (PDB ID: 5XHS) proteins.

    Journal: Toxicology Research

    Article Title: In vitro investigation of the toxicological mechanisms of Fingolimod (S)-phosphate in HEPG2 cells

    doi: 10.1093/toxres/tfaf064

    Figure Lengend Snippet: The Interaction profiles and docking scores of FTY720 (S)-P within the binding pocket of the SIRT3 (PDB ID: 4JSR) and SIRT5 (PDB ID: 5XHS) proteins.

    Article Snippet: FTY720 (S)-P was purchased from Cayman Chemical Company (USA) and dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).

    Techniques: Binding Assay

    Chemical structures of a sphingosine 1-phosphate, b fingolimod, c fingolimod phosphate, d bis-imidazolium functional monomer, and e divinylbenzene cross-linker

    Journal: Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry

    Article Title: Enhanced selective capture of phosphomonoester lipids enabling highly sensitive detection of sphingosine 1-phosphate

    doi: 10.1007/s00216-023-04937-8

    Figure Lengend Snippet: Chemical structures of a sphingosine 1-phosphate, b fingolimod, c fingolimod phosphate, d bis-imidazolium functional monomer, and e divinylbenzene cross-linker

    Article Snippet: Fingolimod (FTY720) and fingolimod phosphate (FTY720-P, FP) were purchased from Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research (Basel, Switzerland).

    Techniques: Functional Assay