Journal: Bioactive Materials

Article Title: Gynostemma pentaphyllum -derived extracellular vesicles alleviate skin aging by destabilizing STING

doi: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2026.03.010

Figure Lengend Snippet: The extraction process and proposed mechanisms for GPEVs in treating UVB-induced Skin aging. Extracellular vesicles derived from Gynostemma pentaphyllum (GPEVs), isolated and purified from fresh whole herb via differential ultracentrifugation, exhibit anti-photoaging properties. UVB radiation triggers the up-regulation of STING, activating the TBK1-CTCF pathway and causing photoaging. GPEVs effectively promote STING degradation, reducing CTCF-mediated aging gene transcription, protecting against UVB-induced skin aging.

Article Snippet: The primary antibodies used included γ-H2AX and CTCF (1:1,000, Cell Signaling), p21 and STING (diluted 1:1,000, Cell Signaling).

Techniques: Extraction, Derivative Assay, Isolation, Purification

Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine

Article Title: A PI3Kδ-Foxo1-FasL signaling amplification loop rewires CD4 + T cell signaling and differentiation

doi: 10.1084/jem.20252154

Figure Lengend Snippet: Pik3cd E1020K reshapes the epigenetic landscape of CD4 + T cells. (A and B) Naïve CD4 T cells from WT and Pik3cd E1020K/+ mice were polarized under Th2 conditions and evaluated by ATACseq ( n = 3). A total of 71,040 peaks were detected. (A) Venn diagram of WT-specific, Pik3cd E1020K/+ -specific, and common peaks. (B) WT and Pik3cd E1020K/+ -specific peaks examined by motif enrichment analysis. Enrichment P values were plotted for both groups. Red: motifs specifically enriched in WT peaks; blue: motifs specifically enriched in Pik3cd E1020K/+ peaks; orange: motifs enriched in both groups. (C) Peak heatmap of CTCF CUT&Tag peaks from WT and Pik3cd E1020K/+ naïve, Th1, and Th2 cells organized into six clusters (1–6) specific to each indicated population, as described. (D) CTCF motif enrichment P value (top) and fold enrichment (bottom) in clusters 1–6. (E) DEGs (WT vs Pik3cd E1020K/+ ) and non-DEGs from bulk RNAseq data were compared in the indicated populations for percentages of genes showing differential CTCF peaks (WT versus Pik3cd E1020K/+ ). (F) Frequencies of CTCF peaks repressed, induced, or both induced and repressed in Pik3cd E1020K/+ Th2 cells (versus WT Th2) near DEGs (WT Th2 versus Pik3cd E1020K/+ Th2). (G) Th2 DEGs (WT Th2 versus Pik3cd E1020K/+ Th2) were organized into two categories: DEGs showing no change in CTCF (WT versus Pik3cd E1020K/+ ) and DEGs showing repressed CTCF peaks in Pik3cd E1020K/+ relative to WT. Pathway enrichment analysis (Enrichr; ) of TFTs (ChEA; ) was performed using these two categories of DEGs. Adjusted P values (−log 10 ) of the top 25 enriched TF signatures in each category plotted against each other. (H) Western blot evaluating CTCF and Zap70 in lysates from WT and Pik3cd E1020K/+ Th2-polarized cells, cultured in the presence or absence of Cal101 (10 nM) or rapamycin (200 nM). Data are representative of three independent experiments ( n = 3), quantified in . (I) Western blot evaluating CTCF and Zap70 in lysates from Th2-polarized NC and Foxo1 gRNA-Cas9–nucleofected WT CD4 T cells, compared with Pik3cd E1020K/+ cells. Data are representative of three independent experiments ( n = 3), . NC, negative control. Source data are available for this figure: .

Article Snippet: CUT&Tag utilized primary antibodies against CTCF (D31H2; Cell Signaling) and rabbit mAB IgG XP isotype control (DA1E; Cell Signaling).

Techniques: RNA sequencing, Western Blot, Cell Culture, Negative Control

Journal: The Journal of Experimental Medicine

Article Title: A PI3Kδ-Foxo1-FasL signaling amplification loop rewires CD4 + T cell signaling and differentiation

doi: 10.1084/jem.20252154

Figure Lengend Snippet: Altered chromatin accessibility and CTCF activity in Pik3cd E1020K/+ Th2 cells. Supporting data for . (A and B) Naïve CD4 T cells from WT and Pik3cd E1020K/+ mice underwent Th2 polarization and were examined by ATACseq. n = 3. Volcano plot showing WT-specific peaks in red and Pik3cd E1020K/+ -specific peaks in blue (fold change >1.5, P < 0.05) (B) CTCF CUT&Tag tracks of Id3 , Bcl2 , Tbx21 , and Eomes loci. (C) Quantification of CTCF protein expressed as a ratio of CTCF/Zap70. Supporting data for . n = 3 for each group, from three independent experiments. (D) Quantification of CTCF protein expressed as a ratio of CTCF/Zap70. Supporting data for . n = 3 for each group, from three independent experiments. Statistical comparisons were made using ratio paired t tests. *P < 0.05.

Article Snippet: CUT&Tag utilized primary antibodies against CTCF (D31H2; Cell Signaling) and rabbit mAB IgG XP isotype control (DA1E; Cell Signaling).

Techniques: Activity Assay