Journal: The Journal of Biological Chemistry

Article Title: MyD88 Adapter-like (Mal)/TIRAP Is Required for Cytokine Production by Splenic Ly6C lo TLR2 hi but Not by Ly6C hi TLR2 hi Monocytes during Trypanosoma cruzi Infection *

doi: 10.1074/jbc.M116.729509

Figure Lengend Snippet: TLR agonists impact on TLR2 expression in splenic Ly6Chi monocytes in the early stage of T. cruzi infection. A, effect of TLR2 (Pam3Cys, 1 μg/ml) and TLR9 (CpG DNA, 1 μg/ml) agonists on the TLR2 expression in monocytes from 7 days infected WT mice after culture for 10 h. B, effect of TLR9 deficiency on the TLR2 expression in monocytes in the same conditions. The data represent three independent experiments (means ± S.D. of four animals). *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001 by the ANOVA and Bonferroni post-test.

Article Snippet: The CpG DNA (TCGACGTTTGGATCGGT) sequence is similar to one encountered in the T. cruzi genome and was synthetized in a phosphorothioate backbone and purchased from Coley pharmaceutical group (Wellesley, MA) ( 10 ).

Techniques: Expressing, Infection

Journal: The Journal of Biological Chemistry

Article Title: MyD88 Adapter-like (Mal)/TIRAP Is Required for Cytokine Production by Splenic Ly6C lo TLR2 hi but Not by Ly6C hi TLR2 hi Monocytes during Trypanosoma cruzi Infection *

doi: 10.1074/jbc.M116.729509

Figure Lengend Snippet: Differential patterns of cytokine synthesis by Ly6Chi and Ly6Clo monocytes after triggering TLR9 during the acute phase of T. cruzi infection. A and B, frequencies of IL-10-, TNF-α-, or IL-12-producing Ly6Chi or Ly6Clo monocytes from healthy (NI) or infected (I(7d)) WT mice after culture with CpG DNA (1 μg/ml) for 12 h. The data are representative of three independent experiments (means ± S.D. of four animals). *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001 by the analysis of means using Student's t test.

Article Snippet: The CpG DNA (TCGACGTTTGGATCGGT) sequence is similar to one encountered in the T. cruzi genome and was synthetized in a phosphorothioate backbone and purchased from Coley pharmaceutical group (Wellesley, MA) ( 10 ).

Techniques: Infection

Journal: The Journal of Biological Chemistry

Article Title: MyD88 Adapter-like (Mal)/TIRAP Is Required for Cytokine Production by Splenic Ly6C lo TLR2 hi but Not by Ly6C hi TLR2 hi Monocytes during Trypanosoma cruzi Infection *

doi: 10.1074/jbc.M116.729509

Figure Lengend Snippet: Amount of cytokine produced per Ly6Chi/loTLR2hi monocytes after incubation with TLR agonists. A, amount of IL-12 and TNF-α being produced by WT Ly6Chi cells from infected mice after incubation with Pam3Cys (1 μg/ml) or CpG DNA (1 μg/ml) for 12 h. B, amount of IL-10 and TNF-α being produced by WT Ly6Clo cells from infected mice after incubation with Pam3Cys (1 μg/ml) or CpG DNA (1 μg/ml) for 12 h. The data expressed as MFI (mean of the cytokine level/cells) represent three independent experiments (means ± S.D. of four animals). ***, p < 0.001 by the ANOVA and Bonferroni post-test.

Article Snippet: The CpG DNA (TCGACGTTTGGATCGGT) sequence is similar to one encountered in the T. cruzi genome and was synthetized in a phosphorothioate backbone and purchased from Coley pharmaceutical group (Wellesley, MA) ( 10 ).

Techniques: Produced, Incubation, Infection

Journal: The Journal of Biological Chemistry

Article Title: MyD88 Adapter-like (Mal)/TIRAP Is Required for Cytokine Production by Splenic Ly6C lo TLR2 hi but Not by Ly6C hi TLR2 hi Monocytes during Trypanosoma cruzi Infection *

doi: 10.1074/jbc.M116.729509

Figure Lengend Snippet: Evaluation of cytokine synthesis by Ly6Chi/lo monocytes from WT and Mal/TIRAP deficient mice after triggering TLR. A, levels of expression of TLR2 on Mal/TIRAP−/−Ly6Chi/lo monocytes (MFI). B, frequencies and individual representative dot plots of TNF-α producing Ly6Chi/lo monocytes from infected WT and Mal/TIRAP−/− mice after incubation with Pam3Cys (1 μg/ml) or CpG DNA (1 μg/ml) by 12 h. C, frequencies and individual representative dot plots of IL-10 producing Ly6Clo monocytes from infected mice after incubation with Pam3Cys (1 μg/ml) or CpG DNA (1 μg/ml) by 12 h. The data are representative of two independents experiments (means ± S.D. of four animals). ***, p < 0.001, by the analysis of means using the ANOVA and Bonferroni post-test.

Article Snippet: The CpG DNA (TCGACGTTTGGATCGGT) sequence is similar to one encountered in the T. cruzi genome and was synthetized in a phosphorothioate backbone and purchased from Coley pharmaceutical group (Wellesley, MA) ( 10 ).

Techniques: Expressing, Infection, Incubation